Tulips. Hom tulips: npe thiab piav qhia

Tulips yeej paub txhua tus. Thawj qhov uas txuam nrog cov xim yog lub Netherlands. Cia qhov no tsis yog qhov chaw yug ntawm paj, tab sis nws tau muaj tias lawv qhov kev xaiv tau ua suab ua rau hauv qib kos duab. Tus naj npawb ntawm ntau yam exceeded lub cim ntawm ob txhiab. Uas tsuas yog hybrids tsis tshwm nyob rau hauv peb lub teb thiab paj khw. Muaj qee yam uas zoo sib xws rau cov noog ntoo tauj, lwm tus neeg kom muaj hnub qub uas muaj puv npo ntawm cov xim: daig dawb thiab liab dawb, dub thiab nplaum liab. Koj tsis tuaj yeem nyob tsis tu siab rau tulips, lawv poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog lawv tus kheej thaum xub thawj pom.

Kev faib tawm ntawm tulips

Cov kiv cua ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj nyom tsis yog los ntawm cov lus pom zoo nrog lawv cov ntau haiv neeg. Tus naj npawb ntawm ntau yam ntawm tulips yog tawm scale thiab nws tsis yog xav tsis thoob hais tias nyob rau hauv ib co taw tes lawv yuav tsum tau lawv cov kev faib tawm.

Thawj zaug sim faib tag nrho cov tsiaj mus rau tej pab pawg uas muaj cov nta zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv 1913 nyob rau hauv Netherlands thiab Great Britain, tiam sis kev ua tiav yog ua tiav los ntawm 1929. Txawm hais tias nws hais tias nws yog lawm, nws yuav tsis ncaj ncees lawm, vim hais tias hnub no yog khaws cia ib qho kev teev npe thoob ntiaj teb, uas muaj xws li varietal tulips. Ntau yam ntawm cov tulips uas muaj dhau lawm yog cais tawm, thiab cov txiaj ntsim tshiab ntawm kev yug me nyuam ntxiv. Tam sim no lub register muaj 2500 hom, thiab muaj xwm muaj ntau dua kaum txhiab.

Raws li niaj hnub kev faib tawm, thaum lub caij 15 cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv tau muab faib tawm. Lawv, dhau los, tau muab coj los ua plaub pawg loj: thaum ntxov-flowering, nruab nrab-flowering, lig-flowering, tulip hom thiab lawv cov hybrids (txhua hom tsiaj qus thiab ntau hom originated los ntawm lawv muaj).

Thawj pab pawg muaj ob chav kawm: yooj yim thiab npau taws. Mus rau lub thib ob: triumphant tulips thiab Darwin lub hybrids. Rau peb pawg: Lily-coloured, fimbriated, ntsuab-xim, parrot, yooj yim thiab ua lag luam lig, rembrandt-tulips. Mus rau plaub: tulips Kaufman, Greig, Foster thiab lwm hom thiab hybrids. Cia peb nyob hauv kev qhia ntau ntxiv rau txhua chav kawm.

Thaum ntxov tulips

Hom tulips ntawm pawg neeg no paub txij li thaum xyoo pua 17th. Lawv yog cov nruab nrab qhov loj, muaj zog, yog li lawv muaj peev xwm tiv taus cua thiab phem huab cua. Ib qho txawv tshwj xeeb uas ua ke txhua hom rau hauv ib pawg yog thaum ntxov flowering lub sij hawm (thaum xaus ntawm lub Plaub Hlis). Cov paj muaj lub khob zoo li lub khob los yog lub khob zoo li 6-7 cm. Cov xim ntawm cov nplaim paj feem ntau yog xim daj xim liab, tab sis cov paj tau dawb. Rau kev txiav, lawv tsis tsim nyog vim kev loj hlob me.

Qee hom ntau tau cog tsis tau txij li thaum xyoo 17th, piv txwv, Kaiserkron. Tsis ntev los no, ntsaj tulips tau tso rau hauv chav kawm. Dutch ntau hom ntawm hoob kawm no nyob hauv thaj chaw tsis dhau thaj chaw, kwv yees li 8% ntawm tag nrho cov pawg. Ib qho zoo tshaj hauv nws lub teb chaws yog Ntsuj Plig Prince, ib qho kev ua zoo nkauj nrog lub paj thiab paj loj. Nrov ntau yam kuj yog: Christmas npau suav, Khoom qab zib huabtais, Mickey Mouse, Brilliant Star thiab lwm tus.

Thaum Ntxhais Terry Tulips

Thaum ntxov Terry tulips, uas nws ntau yam tseem paub txij thaum lub xyoo pua 17th, yog nrov nrog florists vim thaum ntxov flowering thiab kaj siab kaj siab. Nyob rau hauv qhov siab, lawv yog cov me me (20-30 cm), tab sis lawv muaj xim loj uas tuaj yeem mus txog 8 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb thiab muaj ib tug ntev flowering lub sij hawm thaum qhib tag nrho.

Lub qab ntsev zoo li tus kab npauj npaim yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ob lub perianth. Yog hais tias cov tulips li ib txwm muaj tsuas yog rau cov nplhaib, ces cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov chav kawm no, nws doubles. Nyob rau hauv vaj kab lis kev cai, cov ntau yam no tsis yog tshwj xeeb yog nrov thiab feem ntau zus raws li ib lub lauj kaub cog los yog rau yuam.

Qhov thib ob pab pawg yog sawv cev los ntawm ob hoob: triumphant tulips thiab Darwinian hybrids.

Darwin tus hybrids

Nyob rau hauv ib chav cais ntawm cov Giants tau singled tawm tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1960. Cov no yog cov loj heev (60-80 cm nyob rau hauv qhov siab) tulips. Hom tulips ntawm cov chav kawm no muaj ntau qhov zoo, lawv tsis ua haujlwm rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav frosts, mus rau tus kab mob variegated thiab yog zoo kawg nkaus khaws cai rau hauv daim ntawv txiav.

Lub paj pib thaum ntxov May. Loj goblet loj feem ntau muaj xim liab (tseem muaj bicolour hybrids) thiab loj hlob mus txog 10 cm, uas nicely distinguishes lawv lwm xim. Yog siv ua cov qoob loo vaj teb, thiab rau distillation.

Triumph Tulips

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov hoob kawm raug rho tawm ntxov ua ntej pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, Darwin hybrids thiab tulips yooj yim thaum ntxov tau siv los hla. Ntau yam yog qhov loj ntawm goblet paj, lub paj nrig nrog ib qhov siab txog li 70 cm Hybrids yog cov yeeb yam los ntawm ntau yam xim ntawm snow-dawb kom nplua nuj ntshav hues.

Flowering pib nyob rau hauv lig Plaub Hlis thiab feem ntau tseem kom txog rau thaum nruab nrab-Tsib Hlis. Nws yog tam sim no feem ntau ntau thiab ntau chav kawm (25% ntawm tag nrho cov tsiaj). Zoo tsim nyog rau kev cog qoob loo, cuttings thiab yuam thiab muaj kev sib txuam sib npaug. Nrov ntau yam: Golden Melody, Antarctica (snow-dawb), Mata Hari, Ile de France, Don Quixote thiab lwm tus.

Qhov thib peb pab pawg neeg muaj xws li lig-flowering hybrids, tag nrho cov uas yog dej num raws li cov duab ntawm lub paj.

Lig yooj yim thiab Terry tulips

Los ntawm lawv cov txheeb ze thaum ntxov, cov nroj tsuag ntawm ob lub chav kawm txawv qhov loj (qhov siab ntawm peduncle yog 50-70 cm) thiab lig flowering (nyob rau hauv nruab nrab May). Cov tulips yooj yooj yim muaj ib daim ntawv zoo li lub khob nrog cov dav dav thiab cov pob tw. Muaj ntau-flowered hybrids, thaum ob peb buds tsim on ib peduncle. Zoo meej rau txiav thiab bouquets.

Lig flowering ntau yam ntawm terry tulips kuj hu ua pion zoo li lawv cov duab, uas muab lawv instability, vim hais tias ntawm no lawv tsis muaj peev xwm withstand cua los yog los nag. Ob qho kev kawm muab tsim tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag zoo. Xim xim yog cov ntau heev, tuaj yeem ua dawb los yog yuav luag dub, liab dawb los yog liab qab, muaj ntau hom kab bicolour.

Ntsuab xim ntsuab tulips

Nyob rau hauv ib chav kawm cais lawv tau tsuas yog tsis ntev los no - nyob rau hauv 1981 thiab, nws tuaj yeem ntseeg tau hais tias cov no yog cov tshiab tshaj plaws ntawm tulips. Lawv qhov txawv txaij nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias lub nraub qaum ntawm lub petals khaws lawv cov xim ntsuab thoob plaws hauv lub sij hawm flowering, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau tag nrho cov xim dub (dawb, daj, xim liab, paj yeeb,) no zoo li zoo kawg li.

Qhov ntev ntawm lub peduncle tuaj yeem ua rau nruab nrab mus rau qhov siab, cov nplooj yau, thiab paj li ntawm 7 cm. Nws yog tsim nyog them nqi rau ntau yam xws li: Sprin Green, Chinatown, Golden Artist.

Flamriated tulips

Cov no yog cov nroj tsuag ntawm kev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Loj paj ntawm ib tug ntev peduncle (80 cm) muaj cov duab ntawm ib lub khob. Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws hniav nyiaj nqi yog sawv los ntawm petals, qhov sawv ntawm uas yog txiav nrog ib tug qauv, xws li Frost nyob rau hauv lub txias, lub me me koob tsim lub tswv yim ntawm weightlessness thiab fragility ntawm lub paj. Cov tswv yim xim sib txawv, tiam sis cov neeg muag khoom muag qee zaum muag muag qee yam khoom muag, muab tawm rau qib thawj, ces koj yuav tsum paub tias cov taum dub dub tsis tau raug tshem tawm.

Ntau yam raug muab los ntawm kev xaiv ntawm Darwin hybrids los yog lig ntau yam, uas yog zoo heev khaws cai nyob rau hauv daim ntawv txiav. Thawj tus liped tulip tau cog rau xyoo 1930, thiab hauv chav kawm cais lawv raug cais tawm hauv xyoo 1981. Hom: Cambridge, Mont Amour, Flamenco, Mascotte thiab lwm tus.

Lilly-coloured tulips

Class lub npe hais lus rau nws tus kheej, tulip paj zoo li tus zoo li ib tug Lily, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siab qhia tawm rau hauv hnub ci huab cua. Lawv yog cov medium-qhov loj qhov me hybrids 50-60 cm siab Bloom lig - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-May. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tau ua hauj lwm rau lawv ntev, txij li thaum xyoo pua 16th, yog li ntau yam tshiab ntawm tulips txawv los ntawm cov thawj heev, thawj cov sawv daws. Nrov heev thiab zoo nkauj yog cov nram qab no: Cov npauj npa kub (thaij) thiab Dawb, West Point, Jacqueline, Pretty Woomen.

Parrot tulips: ntau yam, piav qhia

Ib qho ntawm feem ntau txawv txawv thiab ci hybrids ntawm niaj hnub tulips. Yeej, cov no yog medium-qhov loj qhov me, tab sis lawv muaj loj paj loj hlob rau 12 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb nrog tag nrho qhib. Lawv paub lub sijhawm ntev thiab nws ntseeg tias lawv tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov ntawm caj ces ntawm cov paj zoo tib yam, tsis yog yug me nyuam tshwj xeeb.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, thawj thawj zaug hauv Fabkis, parrots thiab tulips tau pom thiab hais tawm. Dutch ntau yam pib paub tsuas yog tom qab ib puas xyoo. Ib yam dab tsi yog cov nplaim paj ntawm cov paj, uas muaj sib npaug ntawm ntug dej tsis sib xws li cov noog thiab muaj xim zoo nkauj, uas yog vim li cas lub npe ntawm tag nrho cov chav kawm yog xaiv. Lawv yeej zoo ib yam li cov tais diav ntim, ua rau hauv lub vaj zaub ntsuab. Lawv xav tau qhov chaw tsis muaj dab tsi thiab ua kom zoo dua nrog lwm cov neeg hauv lub paj txaj, thiab yooj yim thiab sai muab tsim los ntawm tus ntxhais qhov muag teev. Ntau yam ntawm cov taum hnab looj tes: Dub Perrot, Rococo, Super Perrot, Fleming.

Tulips ntawm Rembrandt

Hoob kawm me me, sib txuas tag nrho cov variegated tulips. Paj loj txaus - 7-10 cm nyob rau hauv qhov siab, goblet thiab tsis ob, sib txawv degrees ntawm variegation. Stains los yog streaks nyob rau hauv ib lub ci daj, liab los yog dawb keeb kwm lawv yog cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, conditioned los ntawm cov noob, tsis yog los ntawm ib tug kab mob. Lawv Bloom nyob rau hauv lig caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nyob rau hauv ob ib nrab ntawm lub May. Cov qib kawm: Mona Lisa, Union Jack, Txiv kab ntxwv lub tais, Ntxhais fuabtais Irene (daim duab), Lub Ntiaj Teb Carnival, Sorbet, Olympic Nplaim thiab lwm tus.

Tulips ntawm Kaufman

Cov no yog ntxov-flowering thiab undersized hybrids, Bloom nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Plaub Hlis Ntuj. Cov tib neeg muaj xws li ntau yam tau los ntawm kev hla Kaufman lub tulips nrog rau lwm yam ntau yam. Muaj zog thiab tsawg (15-25 cm), tab sis nrog loj paj ntawm txawv xim (monochrome los yog ntau zaus variegated). Siv lawv zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau toj roob hauv av thiab hauv cov pob zeb.

Nrog tas nrho cov ntaub ntawv tawm, Kaufman lub tulips yog zoo li ib lub rau-ci nplaim lub hnub qub, nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg plantings nws yog ib qho zoo xwb pom. Nws yog tsim nyog sau lub npe ntawm ntau yam ntawm Kaufmann lub tulips: Giuseppe Verdi (pictured), Johann Strauss, Shakespeare. Cov suab paj nruag thiab romantic npe kuj sib haum rau qhov muag pom ntawm cov paj.

Tulips Foster

Tulips Foster tau txais nws lub npe rau ntawm tus xibfwb. Lawv loj dua piv rau cov chav kawm dhau los. Nyob rau hauv qhov siab, lub paj qoob hlob hlob mus rau 30-50 cm, thaum lub cos nws tus kheej yog 1/3 (15 cm). Cov duab ntawm lub paj ntawm tulips Foster yog goblet los yog lub khob-puab nrog ib tug me ntsis interception, raws li yog hais tias nws muaj ib tug duav. Xim ci hauv cov txiv kab ntxwv xim liab xim. Tab sis muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm dawb tulips Foster. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ib puag ncig, lawv loj hlob nyob rau hauv Central Asia.

Tulips ntawm Greig

Tulips Greig - qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog cov tswv ntawm chic loj paj, tab sis kuj heev zoo nkauj nplooj. Loj thiab ntsuab, lawv them nrog longitudinal strips ntawm liab doog, xim liab, xim av. Paj tau zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, ntau ntau yam zoo li lub xuab zeb xaum es ib qho iav, qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov nruab nrab, txhais tau hais tias lawv muaj lub duav.

Cov nplaum yog cov taw tes, lawv cov nyom nyob rau hauv cov kev coj ntawm flowering. Xim tuaj yeem yog monochrome los yog bicolour. Cov xim palette yog ntau hom: los ntawm cov qaub ncaug rau plab scarlet ntxoov. Blossom tulips Greig, feem ntau yog thaum lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj los yog thaum ntxov May.

Qib nruab nrab qib (20-30 cm) saib zoo nyob rau hauv pawg cog ntawm alpine slides los yog nrog curbs, haum rau txiav mus rau hauv bouquets. Cov qhab nia zoo tshaj ntawm Greig tulips yog: Jainte Perrot, Majestic, Ntxhais Ntxwm Ntxim Ntxhais, Tsar Peter (duab), Oriental, Lavli Surprise.

Qus tsiaj ntawm tulips

Txhua tus paub tias lub npe tulip los ntawm lo lus Persian "toliban", uas txhais tau hais tias ib txoj phuam los yog ib txoj phuam (headdress). Lub birthplace ntawm tulips thiab, ib tug yuav hais tias, qhov chaw ntawm lawv cov speciation, ntawm chav kawm, yog Central Asia. Deserted plains nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog hloov dhau ntawm kev paub, them nrog ib tug floral floral ntaub pua plag. Nws yog los ntawm muaj tias lawv tswm nyob rau hauv continents thiab tam sim no xav tias zoo nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam mountainous ntawm teb chaws Europe, nyob rau hauv lub Caucasus, thiab ob peb tsiaj loj hlob txawm nyob rau hauv teb chaws Africa.

Tsiaj qus tulips loj hlob thaum ntxov (nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis), feem ntau stunted thiab muaj me me paj, muaj flowered hom. Vim lawv tej yam me me, lawv tsuas yog nyob hauv cov pob zeb thiab hauv toj siab. Zoo heev yuav saib nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb ntawm cov ntoo.

Keeb kwm ntawm cov sau qoob rau ntawm tulips nws muaj nws keeb kwm nyob rau ancient East, qhov chaw uas lawv nyob hauv khiab ib qho tseem ceeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub kab lis kev cai ntawm lub Seljuks, thiab ces nyob rau hauv lub Ottoman Empire, qhov twg lawv raug xam tias yog ib lub cim ntawm kev kaj siab thiab tranquility.

Nyob rau hauv Western Europe, lub paj nyob ze tsis ntev los no, rau thawj lub sij hawm tulips raug cog nyob rau hauv 1530 nyob rau hauv Portugal. Thiab txawm tshaj li ib puas-khib xyoo lawv tau kov yeej Holland, qhov chaw uas lawv tau los ua lub txiaj ntsim zoo tshaj plaws hauv lub vaj paj. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv Netherlands muaj txawm lub noob nom noob tswv Society of Bulbous Nroj tsuag. Thiab thaum lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv xaiv ntawm tulips Holland tsis muaj vaj huam sib luag, feem ntau ntawm cov ntau yam muab tau muaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog lub ntsiab lag luam nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb kev ua lag luam ntawm xws li yooj yim, tab sis xws li qhov zoo qhov muag teev.

Yog tias koj xav tsim ib daim duab nyob hauv koj lub vaj, ces koj yuav tsum muaj tulips. Hom tulips xaiv sib txawv, nyob ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm lawv cov tawg, uas qee tus hloov lwm tus, tsim ib kauj nruam ntawm ci xim. Cov neeg loj dua tuaj yeem tsim nyog rau cov paj ntoo ua ke, thiab cov neeg uas me dua yuav tsum cog rau ntawm roob toj siab thiab ib ncig ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv cov vaj. Koj muaj peev xwm tsim tau ib lub xim sib tsoo los yog mosaic ntawm ntau ntxoov xim!