Transverse raj nplaim thiab nws cov nta

Transverse raj nplaim - ib tug suab paj nruas ntsuas ua los ntawm cov ntoo. Nws belongs rau tus dab, thiab belongs rau lub soprano register. suab hloov txhais tau tias pereduvaniya. Tsis tas li ntawd thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev ua si yog qhib thiab kaw ntawm lub valve qhib.

lus qhia dav dav

Xyoob transverse raj nplaim - yog heev tsawg niaj hnub no, raws li niaj hnub seev suab paj nruas ntawm no hom mas feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau (platinum, kub, silver, npib tsib xee), tej zaum kuj tau ntawm cov iav, yas los yog lwm yam puas cov ntaub ntawv. Ntau - ntau tshaj peb octaves. Sheet rau transverse raj nplaim kaw nyob rau hauv treble clef, rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub sij suab. Lub timbre ntawm pob tshab thiab meej nyob rau hauv nruab nrab sau npe, hauv qab - ib tug dull, nyob rau sab saum toj - ib tug ob peb ntse. Tshuab raj nplaim muaj ntau yam khoom. nws qhab nia lub orchestral solos feem ntau. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv perfumes thiab symphony orchestras. Kuj siv nyob rau hauv chamber ntaus uake. Nyob rau hauv symphony orchestras ntiav los ntawm 1 mus rau 5 flutes. Feem ntau cov feem ntau lawv muaj pes tsawg mas nws txawv ntawm ob mus rau peb.

zaj dabneeg cuab yeej

Transverse raj nplaim paub rau noob neej rau ib ntev lub sij hawm. Ntxov nws cov duab nyob rau Etruscan nyem. Nws yog tsim los nyob rau hauv 100 los yog 200 xyoo BC. Ces lub cuab tam yog qhia rau tus sab laug. Tsuas yog los qhia ib tug paj huam los ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th, nws yog muaj los ntawm txoj cai.

Nrab Hnub nyoog

Transverse raj nplaim thiab pom thaum lub sij hawm archaeological excavations. Cov thawj xws foundations nyob rau hauv Western teb chaws Europe mus rau lub XII-XIV centuries. AD. Ib tug ntawm cov earliest dluab teej tug mus rau lub sij hawm muaj nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv ntawm cov encyclopedia hu ua vaj Deliciarum. Cov soj ntsuam ntawm hais tias lub cuab tam yog ib ntus tawm ntawm qhov kev siv nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, thiab ces rov qab muaj, los ntawm cov teb chaws Asia, los ntawm cov Byzantine Empire. Nyob rau hauv lub Nrab Hnub nyoog yog tus tsim ntawm ib tug ib sab, thiab tej zaum kuj muaj ob tug. Lub cuab tam muaj ib tug cylindrical zoo, thiab rau qhov sib npaug taub.

Renaissance thiab Baroque

Transverse raj nplaim tsim tau tsis tau hloov ntau npaum li cas, thiab nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej lub sij hawm. Lub cuab tam muaj ib tug ntau ntawm 2.5 octaves. Nws tso cai rau kom muab tag nrho daim ntawv ntawm cov ntawv ntawm cov chromatic scale nrog zoo muaj fingering. Cov yav tas yog heev tham. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov tsis nyuaj nruab nrab register. Nto moo thawj seev ntawm no hom yuav muab cia rau hauv ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv Verona hu ua Castel Vecchio. Muaj cov Baroque era. Tus thawj tseem ceeb kev hloov mus rau lub cuab tam tau ua Otteterov tsev neeg. Nws sawv cev Zhak Martin tshuab raj nplaim muab faib mus rau hauv 3 qhov chaw. Tom qab ntawd lawv los ua ib lub cuab tam 4. Lub cev yog feem ntau muab faib nyob rau hauv ib nrab. Otteter hloov mus rau ib tug conical bore. Yog li ntawd nws twb khees me ntsis lawm suab ntawm octaves.

Nyob rau hauv lub XVIII xyoo pua lub twj paj nruag ntxiv ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm li qub. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, lawv 4 - 6. tseem ceeb nrhav tau los ntawm Johann Joachim Quantz, thiab Johann George Tromlitz George. Thaum lub sij hawm lub neej ntawm Mozart lub feem ntau nquag siv transverse raj nplaim, uas muaj ib tug valve. By pib ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo, lub xov tooj ntawm cov ntsiab tau sai heev ua. Lub suab paj nruag rau qhov ntsuas virtuosity. Ntxiv li qub, nyob rau hauv lem, puv thawm lub tua ntawm cov feem ntau nyuaj nqe vaj lug kub.

Muaj ntau ntau tsim kev xaiv. Nyob rau hauv Fabkis, qhov nrov yog raj nplaim nrog tsib li qub. Hauv As Kiv teb, muaj 7 los yog 8. Nyob rau hauv ltalis, Austria thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees, muaj ntau ntau yam sib txawv tshuab. Ntawm no, cov xov tooj ntawm li qub mus txog 14 los yog ntau tshaj. Cuab yeej uas tau txais lub npe ntawm inventors: Ziegler, Schwedler, Meyer. Muaj ib tug valve system ua rau alleviate ib tug zaj. Nyob rau hauv lub XIX xyoo pua thiab Vienna-hom raj nplaim tau tsim, lawv muaj lub suab ntawm cov ntsev nyob rau hauv qhov uas tsis muaj octave.