Technology ntawm drilling qhov dej rau dej. Hom ntawm dej dej

Nyob rau hauv ntau thaj tsam, thaum koj tsis tau txuas mus rau lub centralized dej mov muaj resorted mus rau drilling dej qhov dej los ntawm tsawg kawg kiag. Cais ntawm tus nto qhov chaw ntawm cov pa phem strata ntawm pob zeb hauv av dej, raws li ib tug txoj cai, raws li kev muaj kab mob kev cai rau cov dej lub zej lub zos lub hom phiaj. Thaum ntxiv lim los ntawm xeem dhau los ntawm ib lub lim ntaus ntawv, lawv tau ib tug high-zoo haus dej.

Yuav ua li cas koj yuav tsum paub

Txhais kev xaiv cov txheej txheem yog dej zoo drilling qhov tob ntawm tus nqhuab theem thiab pob zeb geological seem, uas yuav tsum tau tho. Puas xaiv drilling qhov dej rau dej technology tso cai rau koj kom sai tho cia kom tsis txhob muaj xwm txheej thaum lub sij hawm drilling. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, nws yuav muab ib lub sij hawm kom tau lub siab tshaj plaws tawm los nyob rau hauv cov tej yam kev mob rauj qauv.

Uas txhais tau hais tias cov technology ntawm drilling qhov dej nyob rau hauv dej? Qhov no txoj kev thiab qhov lov hom sib txawv ntawm cov pob zeb, tu lub wellbore phab ntsa thiab kho nws, cov khoom siv dej tau txais feem.

drilling Txoj kev

Rau qhov kev siv ntawm sib sib zog nqus dej qhov dej feem ntau siv teb thiab cable drilling. Drilling Tshuab dej los ntawm cov kev sib txawv. Nta ntawm txhua yog tsis pub rau siv lawv tsis muaj kev txwv nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tej yam kev mob. Drilling Tshuab dej rig nrog kev sib hloov ntawm cutter cuab tam (me ntsis) nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm muab ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib tug ntsia hlau thiab ib tug teb txoj kev.

Auger drilling tshuab

Nyob rau hauv zeb pob zeb thiab av nplaum uas tsis muaj loj inclusions, yog drilling ib tug txheej ntawm me ntsis thiab auger thauj lub pob zeb drilled los ntawm lub hauv qab upward. Ntawm ob hom auger drilling ntaus ntawv rau ib tug dej zoo nyob rau hauv ib thaj tsam nrog ib tug kev tshawb nrhiav geological qauv feem ntau siv tas mus li slaughter ntawm tas mus li ya davhlau los ntawm txawv tebchaws stope thiab screwing. Qhov uas nws yog tsim nyog los tau zoo cov lus qhia txog cov hom thiab qhov tob ntawm lawv tshwm sim, txoj kev siv lub nplhaib lub ntsej muag.

Nruam davhlau (flow-line drilling) - drilled pob zeb yuam auger kem mus rau qhov chaw. Los ntawm deepening lub laum incremented ntxiv screws. Thov sinking sands tsis homogeneous khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm xuab zeb los yog lwm yam mos mos pob zeb. Muab ceev ntawm screws 250-300 Rev. / min. Nws yog tsis tsim nyog heev ceev dhia dej kom tsis txhob phwj pob zeb hniav thiab jamming ntawm lub projectile nyob rau hauv lub qhov rau qhov no yog vim li cas. Txaus load - tus luj ntawm nws tus kheej yuag thiab ntsia hlau rotator.

Cov yas pob zeb thiab av nplaum yog siv tugoplastichnyh shuttle stope - auger ntsis thiab lub pob zeb vburivaetsya kem, ua raws li los ntawm extraction rau tu ntawm drilled flange loj. Tus nqi ntawm lub dawm immersion tsis pub dhau 1 'meter'. muab ceev ntawm 100 thiab tsis ntau tshaj 300 Rev. / min. Load 500 N.

Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj zog pob zeb txaug ua ntaub ntawv thov helical auger kem - lawv screwed mus rau ib tug tej yam tob thiab ces rho tsis sib hloov ntawm lub winch.

Lub annular lub ntsej muag ua tshwj xeeb coring screws, uas mus rau extract cov tub ntxhais (kem drilled pob zeb) tsis muaj lifting lub laum txoj hlua rau ntawm qhov chaw. drilling hom: 60-250 Rev. / min, tus nqi ntawm cov sib ntaus ntawm 0.4 rau 2.0 m yog siv, qhov no drilling dej qhov dej tsis tshua technology, mas geological cov koom haum soj ntsuam kev tshawb kawm thiab ib txhij ua drilling dej qhov dej ..

Technology rotationally-teb drilling

Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev uas nws achieves ntau dua allergic tus nqi thiab zoo tso zis yeeb nkab txhua. Qhov tsis zoo muaj xws li mudding (claying) aquifer, tus nqi ntawm qhov kev npaj ntawm cov av nkos, loj tagnrho cov dej los yaug dej rau dej tsis rov qab ntug, muab tawm thaum lub sij hawm drilling.

Feem ntau cov feem ntau siv nrog teb ntxuav kab: tus puas lawm pob zeb los ntawm lub ntsej muag coj mus rau qhov chaw cov av nkos yog pumped rau hauv qhov dej los ntawm lub laum pas nrig twj tso kua mis. Nws yuav tsum tau withstand upflow tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv ntau 0.5 - 0.75 m / sec. Circulating ntxuav tshuaj so nyob rau hauv heev pob aav - nws ua ke nrog rau cov sludge nyob rau hauv nplooj tej kab nrib pleb. Drillers yuav tsum tau saib kom zoo zoo rau lub drilling hom los txo cov axial load thiab ntseeg nkaws noj ntxuav, yog tias tsim nyog, yuav tsum tsis txhob projectile daig.

Tsis xav kom Chase lub siab txhua yam ceev, yog tiav los ntawm nce lub xov tooj ntawm revolutions: nws yog fraught nrog cov xwm txheej. WOB thiab muab ceev yog tswj nyob rau hauv lub hom passable, lub lub cheeb ntawm lub ntsis thiab laum cov yeeb nkab, tus nqi ntawm ntxuav kua.

Turnover yuav tsum raug txo yog hais tias:

• magnifications me ntsis parameter;
• kom txhob muaj cov kab uas hla ntawm lub laum hlua;
• kom lub fortress ntawm pob zeb;
• alternation ntawm khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg nrog ib tug me me muaj peev xwm (mus txog 1.5 m).

Nyob rau teb sib BDS thiab BA hom khiav lag luam yeej rau II- III speeds. Allergic ntawm av nplaum thiab av nplaum-xuab zeb pob zeb yog nqa tawm ntawm 300-400 Rev. / min (III-IV tus nqi). Rau muaj mob loj tsawv sawmills Fortress (sandstone, limestone, marl) txwv kev sib hloov ntawm lub rotor los ntawm 200 mus rau 300 Rev. / min. Muaj zog pob zeb drilled los ntawm lub ntsis kev sib hloov ceev ntawm 100-200 Rev. / min.

Driller yog zoo saib xyuas drilling hom, kom txhob muaj cov axial load thiab ntseeg nkaws pub ntxuav kom tsis txhob projectile daig. Lub caij ntawm qhib lub aquifer no ib tug cia li nco nyob rau hauv cov av nkos thiab ua lub cav load. tov kev yog ntxhov nyob rau hauv heev pob aav - lub cuttings thiab tawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub tawg.

Yog hais tias cov dej-tau cov kabmob pob zeb yog hauv paus txawm me me kab nrib pleb, kuaj lub cev uas tau tuag yog nqa tawm nrog ib tug zoo qab ntug av nplaum tov rau paib nws ruaj rau saum npoo av.

Dej Drilling Tshuab me me rig drilling hom kev kawm xws li cov haib machine.

Related ua hauj lwm

Mounting hlab nyob wellbore tom qab drilling. Applied hlau, asbestos MAAs thiab yas hlab. Lim hom (perforated los yog mesh) yog xaiv nyob ntawm seb cov dej-tau cov kabmob pob zeb.

Ua ntej yuav txhim kho tau lub lim tshuaj yog hloov los ntawm ib tug sib zog, ntshaw kev faib ua feem ntawm tsis ntau tshaj 1.15. Tom qab kev txhim kho cov lim tam sim ntawd ntxuav zoo nrog dej. Tom ntej no, muaj ib lub qhov zhelonirovanie - sab ntawm kua pumped los ntawm lub zoo bailer. Thaum ntxuav thiab brightening cov tsos nyob rau hauv nws pib siv cov xuab zeb airlift. Nrog lub cessation ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab cov dej twb tom mus ua kom tiav meej submersible twj tso kua mis.

Freefall zog tej yam

Cable-txoj kev qhib tsis muaj teeb meem tsawg kawg kiag nyias (tsawg tshaj li 1 m). Tau kom tau ib tug tshaj plaws khiav nqi - Dej-tau cov kabmob pob zeb nezaglinizirovany. Peb tsis tas yuav ntev-lub sij hawm siv.

Txoj kev siv:

• nyob rau hauv tsis zoo kawm tej thaj chaw;
• nyob rau hauv arid tej qhov chaw uas tsis muaj me nyuam ntawm cov dej los npaj ib tug tov;
• yog tias tsim nyog kev soj ntsuam ntawm ob peb cais horizons;
• rau qhov dej uas loj pib txoj kab uas hla.

Tsis zoo ntawm cov cable-drilling:

• me me allergic nqi;
• siab tau ntawm cov kav dej nyob rau hauv lub cased;
• cov kev txwv ntawm cov drilling tob (150 m).

Tej ceev svobodnopadayuschie projectile yog xam. Nws yog inversely xwm yeem mus rau square hauv paus ntawm lub qhov siab ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg: nrog ua qhov siab saum toj no rau hauv lub rov qab me ntsis slaughter thiav zaus decreases thiab vice versa nrog zuj zus lawm altitude tsub kom lub xov tooj ntawm yeej.

Peb yuav tsum tau lub dag lub zog thiab miv

Thaum tshwm sim ntawm daim iav ntiav nqhuab (feem ntau yog lub hauv av cov dej) thiab geological seem, muaj li ntawm xoob pob zeb, nyob rau hauv ua-up feem cramped tej yam kev mob zoo yuav drilled, thov npag quab yuam neeg - 2 tus neeg txaus.

Drilling Tshuab dej phau ntawv txoj kev yog yooj yim. Koj yuav thov tau cov Drop txoj kev los yog auger.

Rau tsav tsheb lub steel yeeb nkab nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 1 nti ntawm nws cov pre-txiav mus rau hauv lengths ntawm 2 los yog 3 meters. Thaum lub hnub ua ib tug sab nraud thread. Nrog lub deepening ntawm cov yeeb nkab feem yuav txuas couplings nrog nrog thread. Manufactured tshwj xeeb steel ntsis (shank) raws li ib tug lub khob hliav qab uas nws puag txoj kab uas hla 1 cm ntev yeeb nkab inch. Nws yog welded mus rau lub yeeb nkab. Hais txog ib 'meter' ntev ntawm lub raj ntsis (60 sufficiently cm) yog faib rau cov txheej thaum ub lim - vodoprinimayuschee ntaus ntawv rau allergic rau hauv qhov dej ntawm tus aquifer dej. 6 hli xyaum qhov ua 5 cm sib nrug.

Muab tso rau hauv cov yeeb nkab pawg arrangement ntawm nyias qhov chaw. Thawj - abutment nrog lub conical qhov nyob rau hauv cov yeeb nkab. Nws qhov hluav taws xob qhib loj tshaj lub txheej kab uas hla ntawm lub raj raug tsav los ntawm 5 hli, uas yog txaus rau zoo mus rau hauv cov kis los ntawm hauv qab no rau ob tug wedges - txiav povdol nws yog xim hlau truncated lub khob hliav qab. Lub lub cheeb ntawm lub khob hliav qab Apex me ntsis loj kab uas hla ntawm cov yeeb nkab, tab sis tsawg dua cov qhov tso zis aperture nres. Qhov thib ob yog ib feem - poob siab "poj niam", lub load nrog ib tug los ntawm qhov kev cov yeeb nkab thiab ob leeg rau lifting tshaj lub laj kab.

Thaum tej lub poj niam nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm tej yam nws qhia ntau txog on wedges muaj nyob rau hauv lub qhov thiab ua kom yeeb nkab txhaws nyob rau hauv lawv cov "caj npab". Tom qab tsav tsheb lub ya raj lub khob hliav qab emboss, ua raj, svinchivaya nrog lub tom ntej no ya. Permute abutment nrog wedges hnav "Babu" thiab cov yeeb nkab mus txuas ntxiv mus clogging ntawm lub aquifer. Tej lub sij hawm, cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau tig txog lub axis.

Cov tsos ntawm cov dej nyob rau hauv lub zoo yog txiav txim tau los ntawm txos nws mus rau hauv lub sinker khi rau ib txoj hlua. Yog hais tias nws yuav tsa rau saum ntub, ces tus zoo tau ploj mus sib sib zog nqus mus rau hauv lub aquifer. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis "ris hauv qab" no txheej muab dej. Nws yog tsim nyog los tawm hauv lub perforated kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab nyob rau hauv cov dej-roj nyeem pob zeb. Thiab pib siv miniskvazhiny thawj tes twj tso kua mis. Raws li cov dej meej dhau mus rau siv dej hluav taws xob twj tso kua mis.

Los ntawm txhais tes auger drilling dej qhov dej - technology zoo li ntawd piav nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug rig uas yog los hloov no los ntawm ob tug neeg. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus ciaj ciam ntawm tus neeg kho tshuab drilling hom lawv yuav tsis cia li. Ib txhia craftsmen hloov lub cev quab yuam nyob rau hauv lub mechanisms.

Lub drilling dej qhov dej

Lub tshuab yog yooj yim nrog tsawg heev cov nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, lub zog thiab lub sij hawm. Tej yam kev mob - zoo tob mus txog rau 10 m, tus txiav daim ntau quav tso xoob xau.

Equipment - Twj "Metub", lub peev xwm ntawm cov dej (ntau dua qhov lub ntim, lub zoo dua, tab sis koj ua tau chim 200 litres). Rooj vag rau tig lub raj yog ua los ntawm ob tug hlab thiab ib tug clamp nplhaib.

Ntaub ntawv: yeeb nkab inch ntawm 120 hli thiab ib tug ntev ntawm lub zoo tob. Thaum lub qis kawg barbs yog txiav, lub Upper kawg flange yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug txiv mis, ib tug hose los ntawm kev uas cov dej yuav ntws tawm ntawm lub thoob nyob rau hauv siab tsim los ntawm ib tug twj tso kua mis "tus me nyuam". Rau mounting cov flange rau ntawm ntug ntawm lub raj welded tab 4 nrog qhov rau bolts M10.

Labor quab yuam: nws yog yooj yim mus ua hauj lwm ua ke. Lub sij hawm siv - 6 meters ntawm allergic ntawm av zoo ua qoob 1-2 teev.

Drilling txheej txheem: khawb ib lub qhov tob ntawm hais txog ib 'meter', muab tso rau mas nyob rau hauv cov yeeb nkab thiab siv nws mus rau hauv nws tso dej. Cov dej tawm hauv los ntawm lub qis kawg nrog lub incisors, yuav ntxuav tam sim ntawd cov av, freeing qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov yeeb nkab uas yuav tog nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej yuag. Nws yog tsuas tsim nyog, tuav, rotating cov yeeb nkab rau cov hniav crumbled pob zeb. Drilled pob zeb hais nyob rau hauv siab yog nyob ua ke nrog cov dej nyob rau hauv lub sump. Los ntawm no nws yuav ua tau tso thiab, filtering, rov siv yaug kais dej. Ncav lub aquifer, tshem tawm cov flange thiab mus rau hauv lub zoo nyob rau hauv lub theem ntawm cov dej, tab sis ua ntej ncav lub hauv qab, submerged twj tso kua mis los mus twj.

Hom ntawm dej dej

Lawv muab faib ua besfiltrovye thiab lim. Besfiltrovye zoo txaus siab nyob rau hauv tsawg kawg kiag muaj li ntawm zoo-grained sands, los yog nyob rau hauv pab fractured pob zeb. Rau lwm aquifer lim xaiv nyob ntawm seb cov zauv feem ntawm cov dej-tau cov kabmob pob zeb.