Social Darwinism. nta kev tshawb xav

Social Darwinism, raws li cov kev taw qhia tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19. Hais plaub ntug ntawm cov founders ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia tau muaj ib tug zoo kawg li tej yam nyob rau hauv nws lub contemporaries. Lawm, lub heev kev cai lij choj ntawm Darwin, raws li ib tug loj-scale scientific kev tshwm sim, yuav tsis tab sis cuam tshuam rau sau rau ntawm kev txawj ntse. Nyob rau hauv teb chaws Askiv, systematically mus thov cov lus qhia mus rau lub neej tiag tiag, thiab Spencer Bagehot. Lub Xeem, Lub raws li ib tug journalist, nyiaj txiag, kuv sim nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm keeb kwm dab nyob rau hauv lub zej zog los siv tej ntsiab cai uas cov kev taw qhia nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug raug ua. By kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 Spencer lub tswv yim tau assimilated los ntawm cov leading nuj nqis ntawm Giddings thiab Pawg Ntseeg cov.

Social Darwinism. Ntsiab tswv yim

Rau tag nrho cov kev kawm ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws ob ib nrab, yog cov raug nab npawb ntawm cov feem cov ntsiab lus. Cov tseem ceeb cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb los ntawm Darwin nws tus kheej. Qhov kev tshawb xav, uas ua raws li tus zaum tom qab nws tau los ua ib tug zoo ntawm paradigm, uas yog penetrated rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm kev sib raug zoo thought. Cov tswv yim tau ua "natural xaiv", "ciaj sia taus ntawm cov fittest", "tawm tsam rau hav zoov". Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, kev sib raug zoo Darwinism ua tsis tau tsuas yog raws li ib tug kev taw qhia. Qeb xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv cov lus qhuab qhia pib yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev paub uas twb muas thaum chiv thawj nws ob peb hostile. Piv txwv li, Durkheim thov ib co tswv yim muaj nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo Darwinism. Txawm tias nws es radical antireductionism nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm kev tshwm sim, raws li zoo raws li lub tseem ceeb nyob rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm solidarity, nws pom lub division nyob rau hauv kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv dog dig softened daim ntawv ntawm ib lub tawm tsam rau hav zoov.

Social Darwinism nyob rau hauv lub lig puv 19 xyoo pua

Los ntawm kawg ntawm lub puas tawm xyoo, lub tswv yim ntawm "natural xaiv" mus dhau lub scientific kheej thiab tau ua heev nrov nyob rau hauv lub lag luam, xov xwm, loj nco qab, tseeb. Cov neeg sawv cev, piv txwv li, lub economic cov neeg tseem ceeb, ua lag ua luam magnates, raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb xav ntawm evolution, xaus lus hais tias lawv twb tsis yog muaj hmoo thiab feemxyuam, tab sis kuj xam tau tias yog ib tug pom embodiment ntawm lub yeej nyob rau hauv lub tawm tsam rau hav zoov nyob rau hauv nws cov kev teb. Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau qhov no ib tug yuam kev, raws li cov kev soj ntsuam, yuav tau xav txog cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm kev sib raug Darwinism, raws li tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub lom yam ntawm lawv yog ib tug yooj yim continuation. Nws yuav muab txhais li cov kev taw qhia uas coj cov kev cai ntawm kev loj hlob mus rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tej yam ntuj tso evolution. Social Darwinism, nyob rau hauv particular, regards tus tawm tsam rau ciaj sia taus raws li ib tug defining nam ntawm lub neej. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm pib ntawm qhov uas tsis yog-lom zaum taw tes kom paub tias, nyob rau hauv ib actualized thiab substantiated longstanding kev xav. Ntawm tag nrho cov cim ntawm cov kev taw qhia nyob rau hauv saib xyuas yog hais tias yuav ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab kev saib xyuas ntawm lub neej raws li ib yam ntawm cov arena nyob rau hauv uas lub thoob plaws thiab tas mus li tawm tsam, tsis sib haum, clashes ntawm cov neeg, societies, pab pawg, kev lis kev cai, tsev, kev cai thiab kev sib raug zoo hom.