"Seizes ib tug", "calm down": idiomatic yuav ua li cas tuaj nqa nyob rau hauv lub taw tes?

Ntawm tag nrho cov tau yog vim li cas yog vim li cas txhais nrog lub Lavxias teb sab lus muaj teeb meem, koj yuav tau qhia kom meej ib tug nplua mais ntawm cov teeb nqe lus nyob rau hauv peb lexicon. Cov ntau cov nqe lus li tus nais khu hais tias peb tsis txawm xav seb lawv cov qauv los yog tsim nyog daim ntawv thov. Tab sis, yog hais tias koj yuav tsum nrhiav ib tug txawv teb chaws kom cov kab lus "ib tug tswv, kom zoo ntaug mus," idiomatic qhia nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab, nws yog heev - qhov no yog ib tug tsis tshua rooj plaub thaum lub Lavxias teb sab, Lus Askiv, Fabkis thiab German versions yog yuav luag zoo tib yam nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus thiab hais lus lug. Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no muaj ntau idioms thiab collocations uas tsis haum mus rau hauv ib tug linear logic. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov ntawm cov lus mus rau ib qho muaj kuab qauv, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lwm yam lus pab pawg yuav nyuab npaum li cas.

Nruas nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab

Tag nrho cov idioms yuav tau muab faib mus rau hauv pab pawg raws li nyob rau hauv lub liam tsos ntawm qhov chaw. Piv txwv li, cov nqe lus yuav ua tau associative, ntawm ib tug pa reborn sib piv. "Lub sij hawm ntws deb zoo li cov dej los ntawm koj cov ntiv tes," - qhov kev sib piv, txawm li cas los, yog hais tias nws hais "Feeb leaked los ntawm nws cov ntiv tes" - qhov no yog qhov lus nruas, associatively muab los ntawm tus thawj qhia. Yog hais tias koj sim muab txhais cia, nws puv tawm tias ib tug neeg yog muaj peev xwm kis tau los ntawm cov ntiv tes intangible feeb, thiab tsis muaj analogy nrog dej tsis txawm tshwm sim. Uas yog vim li cas txawm lub ci ntsa iab kev txawj ntse ntawm cov lus yuav pab tsis tau catch mechanism ntawm cov tsos ntawm idiomatic kab zauv.

Nyob rau hauv cov piv txwv saum toj no, es tsis txhob ntawm cov kev qhia "ib tug tswv, kom zoo ntaug mus," idiomatic qhia yog txwm siv ib tug - "mus rub kuv tus kheej ua ke." Tiam sis tej lus raws li ib tug lus system yog tsis immutable blocks. Qhov no kua muaj teeb meem, evolving thiab loj hlob nrog cov evolution ntawm cov haiv neeg.

Kev siv cov phraseology nyob rau hauv txhua hnub hais lus

Peb accustomed mus rau xws li ib tug degree rau idioms hais tias tej zaum tsis txawm xav hais tias qhov twg lawv tuaj ntawm. Khoom ib feem yog hais txog mus rau lub thiaj li hu ua nrov qhia - uas yog, rau cov nqe lus los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los yog mythology, yog thoob plaws. Piv txwv li, "Yog muaj ib tug me nyuam tub?" - yog ib tug ironic qhia, siv uas tus hais lus qhia tsis ntseeg thuam muaj yog vim li cas yuav txhawj. Nws yog tus sau Maxim Gorky ( "Lub neej ntawm Klim Samgin 'tshiab). Tab sis cov kab lus "Augean nkuaj nyug nees" los ntawm Greek mythology: tus huab tais Avgiyu ntaus nqi utterly filthy nkuaj nyug nees, uas yog tau ntxuav tsuas Hercules, tig lub dej txaj, ces nws coj tag nrho cov impurities. Siv rau ib tug luv luv piav qhia ntawm cov neeg kawm ntawv tsis saib tsis xyuas tus neeg mob.

"Rub koj tus kheej ua ke" - lub ntsiab lus "ib tug tswv, kom zoo ntaug mus," idiomatic qhia, uas tshwm sim txawm nyob rau hauv tus hais lus ntawm cov me nyuam me. Lawv siv nws looj hlias, tiam sis feem ntau nyob rau hauv ib tug kiag li lawm semantic tseem ceeb. Lub ntuj txoj kev kawm hom lus, thaum tus me nyuam yog teem rau cov lo lus ntawm cov niam txiv thiab cov neeg nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv, uas imperceptibly kawm txawm ntau idioms.

"Seizes ib tug": semantic tsom xam ntawm cov kab zauv

Yuav luag txhua lus nruas yuav rhuav tsis pub dhau lub ntsiab lus ntawm, thiab rau yus lub mechanism ntawm nws tshwm sim. Kwm kev cai, raws li uas tej lus yog tsim, cia rau kev tsom xam ntawm tej hlav. "Seizes nws, calm down" - idiomatic qhia tshwm precisely vim hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov thawj kab lus.

Uas txhais tau tias "master"? Nws yog muaj hwj chim tshaj dab tsi. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj hwj chim tshaj lawv. Lwm yam ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kab lus no thiab lub suab: "Nws muaj ib tug zoo" - uas txhais tau tias, tuas tus yuam sij rau lawv tus kheej cwj pwm txawv. Lub calmness thiab muaj peev xwm rau curb lub impulses - uas yog ib tug muaj.

inference

Yog hais tias cov lus "ib tug tswv, los khom down" nrog rau cov phraseology raws li semantic tsom xam ua saum toj no, nws yog ua tau yooj yim nrhiav tau txoj cai kab lus. Ib tug neeg muaj heev npaum li cas hwj chim tshaj lawv, hais tias yog ib qho yooj yim kom nyob rau hauv kev tswj impulses thiab cwj pwm txawv. Yog hais tias tuas, ces peb yuav tau to taub dab tsi ua rau qhov no cia - nrog nws ob txhais tes. Council coj nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv txhais tes tsis tsuas txhais tau hais tias txhob txwm tshuaj kom tsaug zog, feem ntau nws yog ib tug hu mus cuag cov kev tswj ntawm qhov tam sim no cov txheej xwm, lus - lug tau sai dlua lawv.

Nws hloov tawm hais tias cov saum no lus nruas yog txhais tsis tau tsuas yog raws li "ib tug tswv, kom zoo ntaug mus." Nruas "tswj nws tus kheej" kuj txhais tau tias "tsis txhob muab lub slack, tsis txhob paj, tsis txhob cia lwm tus tsis zoo los ntawm psycho-lub siab lub ntsws tawg los ntawm tus tiv thaiv."

Ntxiv lem ntawm kab lus

Cov kab lus "rub koj tus kheej ua ke" thaum lub sij hawm, zoo ib yam li ib tug nruas uas yuav ua kom nrov loj los yog attenuate cov kev qhia rau feem ntau ntawm paj lug hais lus. piv txwv:

• coj kuv tus kheej los ntawm cov dab tshos (dab tshos, pob ntseg);
• sib sau ua ke tom qab ib tug puv tes;
• nyem nws tus kheej mus rau hauv lub nrig.

Yog li, lub tswvyim ntawm "ib tug tswv, kom zoo ntaug mus," lus nruas "rub koj tus kheej ua ke" siv, tab sis lub idioms ua ntxiv specifics thiab lub siab lub ntsws.

Psycho-siab ntsws coloration synonymous kab zauv

Yog hais tias peb xav txog tej yam lub nruas "rub kuv tus kheej ua ke" raws li ib tug starting taw tes, cov lus "nyem nws tus kheej mus rau hauv lub nrig" txhais tau tias ntxiv enhanced nyhuv. Uas yog tsuas yog tsis kom nws ob txhais tes, peb yuav tsum ua ntau dua cov kev siv zog.

"Coj koj tus kheej los ntawm cov scruff" los yog lwm qhov chaw - nws tseem yog "ib tug tswv, kom zoo ntaug mus" - lus nruas nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no txhais tau ntau dua sib ntaus sib tua nrog laziness thiab cwj pwm rau tos lwm hnub yam tseem ceeb. Nws hloov tawm hais tias ib tug neeg uas muaj ib tug nqi raws li excessively hnyav niam txiv uas muaj ib tug tub nkeeg schoolboy - yuav siv sij hawm lub dab tshos thiab rog mus ua haujlwm tseem ceeb paub tab.

Tab sis "sib sau ua ke tom qab ib tug puv tes" - yog synonymous nrog ib tug ironic lus nruas "rub koj tus kheej ua ke", feem ntau siv txawm bolder thiab tsim lus nrog tib lub ntsiab lus.

Tsim nyog siv phraseological "rub koj tus kheej ua ke"

Yog hais tias cov kev qhia "ib tug tswv, los khom down" nrog rau cov idiomatic qhia, yuav hloov xim ntawm lub siab ntsws lub ntsiab lus teb. Yog hais tias tus hais lus qhov twg los yog sim hawm caij nyoog raws li suab thiab lub ntsej muag kab zauv, kev sau ntawv yog txhais nyob rau ntawm qhov mus ob peb vas thiab tam sim no cov txheej xwm nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm tus neeg. Kom tsis txhob misunderstandings, nws yog zoo dua kom tsis txhob idioms uas yuav yuam kev rau kev chim siab, patronizing los yog luv nqi ntawm lwm tus neeg tej teeb meem.

Thaum ua lag ua luam kev sib txuas lus nrog neeg txawv teb chaws, tsis phem paub Lavxias teb sab lus, ib tug zoo xyaum yog siv cov zajlus kab zauv, tsis nyuaj teb chaws nta, uas muaj xws li idiomatic kab zauv, muaj ntau nyuaj rau literal translation. Qhov no ua lag ua luam tus ciam. Thiab yog hais tias cov lus "ib tug tswv, kom zoo ntaug mus," lus nruas yog zoo tib yam rau lub ntsiab European lus, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lwm yam lus pab pawg tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv ib tug quandary.

Lub complexity ntawm cov neeg txhais lus ntawm phraseology

Muaj ntau txhais tau qhia lawv cov dab txog yuav ua li cas nyuaj nws yog los mus piav qhia cov kev idioms foreigner. Cov twb nyuab Lavxias teb sab lus pib zoo li to taub tsis tau, thaum lub teb chaws qhua tim khawv hais tias "heev qab ntsev kua zaub" thiab "heev npaum li cas ntsev" - nws yog suab tib yam. Nrog rau cov kev qhia "ib tug tswv, kom zoo ntaug mus," tag nrho cov ntau yooj yim dua thiab yuav ua tau ntau tshaj ib tug me me dag zog mus rub kuv tus kheej ua ke thiab ua li cas tsis nyuab txhais kab zauv.

Txawm li cas los, cov kws txawj yog koom nyob rau hauv cov neeg txhais lus ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab, txhua yam yog ntau npaum li cas complicated. Qhov no ntau dua theem ntawm lus Askiv, uas yuav kawm txog cov idiomatic kab zauv. Txhais ua Lavxias teb sab, dhau lawm, nws muaj nws teeb meem, vim hais tias txhua txhua kab lis kev cai nws muaj nws tus kheej idioms. Piv txwv li, yog tias ib tug hluas nkauj hais tias "nws zaum nyob rau ntawm ib tug siab nees", nws sau raws nkaus Ii peb nruas, "nws tsa nws lub qhov ntswg."