Sculptures Ernst Unknown: cas, yees duab

Cov qhov tseem tseem ceeb sculptors ntawm lub ntiaj teb no yuav siv sij hawm nws rightful qhov chaw Ernst Neizvestny. Sculptures, cov duab uas yuav pom nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov phau ntawv rau lub kos duab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, ntxeev siab rau ib tug txawv txawv saib ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Cov hauj lwm ntawm tus tsis paub yog yeej ib txwm coj thiab ua ib tug tiag tiag li lub tswv yim ntawm nws qhia thiab kev loj hlob. Cov artist lub neej yog tsis yooj yim, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm kom tau khaws cia lawv tus kheej, kev txiav txim zoo ntawm kev lom zem thiab zoo mus rau thaum xaus ntawm nws hnub.

milestones biography

Ernst Neizvestny Born Plaub Hlis Ntuj 9, 1925 nyob rau hauv Sverdlovsk. Cov niam txiv, tus kws kho mob thiab kws sau paj lug, tau repressed nyob rau hauv lub 30s. tus me nyuam tub txuj ci manifested nws tus kheej heev thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv nws thaum yau, nws tau mus kawm kos duab lub tsev kawm ntawv, thiab thaum muaj hnub nyoog 17 nws nkag mus hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv Academy ntawm Fine Arts. Thaum lub sij hawm ob ntiaj teb rog, Ernst mus pab nyob rau pem hauv ntej thiab, tom qab kev kawm, nws tau mus ua hauj lwm hauv lub plav pab tub rog. Nyob rau hauv 1945 nws tau zoo heev raug mob thiab xa mus rau kev kho mob. Thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv uas nws tau raug mob, lub Unknown hais lub npe ntawm Hero ntawm lub Soviet Union. Tab sis vim hais tias ntawm lub npe muaj ib tug ib niag pawg, thiab 28 xyoo ntawm hwm Commission yuav nrhiav tsis tau Ernest. Cia li nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no ntawm lub Unknown muaj ib tug ncaj qha teeb meem nrog Khrushchev rau hauv kev kawm ntawm cov kos duab, cov artist thiab lub npe ntawm Hero tsis muab, hloov nws nrog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub Red Star. Tom qab tsov rog, Unknown yog kawm nyob rau hauv lub Riga Academy of Arts, lub koom haum ntawm lawv. Surikov, thaum lub Philosophy kws qhia ntawv ntawm Moscow State University. Los ntawm nruab nrab-xyoo 1950, Ernst I. yuav zoo kawg li artist, ib tug nonconformist. Nyob rau hauv 1962 nws yuav siv sij hawm yog ib feem nyob rau hauv lub tso rau neeg pom ntawm contemporary kos duab, lub yeej N. S. Hruschevym. Txij li thaum uas lub sij hawm, ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union rau lub Unknown yuav tsis yooj yim, thiab nyob rau hauv 1976 nws emigrated, thawj Switzerland thiab ces mus rau lub US, qhov uas nws yuav nyob feem ntau ntawm lawv lub neej. Tom qab hloov I. Ernst yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv Russia. Nws tej hauj lwm yog nyob rau hauv lwm yam thiab tsev cia puav pheej collections nyob rau hauv tsev thiab nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Unknown twb ob peb lub sij hawm tau sib yuav, nws tshuav ib tug ntxhais. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntawm 88 nws raug kev txom nyem ib tug complex lag luam, thiab ob peb xyoo txuas ntxiv mus tsim thiab nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj zoo. Nws tuag Lub yim hli ntuj 9, 2016 nyob rau hauv New York.

muaj tswv yim txoj kev

Txij li thaum lub lig 50s Unknown nquag ua hauj lwm thiab xyaum. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov nws yog siv raws li ib tug sculptor. Tab sis lub 70-ies nws them ib tug ntau ntawm lub sij hawm daim ntawv, illustrating txawj tej hauj lwm, xws li "kev ua txhaum thiab rau txim rau" los ntawm FM Dostoyevsky. Nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union los ntawm ib tug tsis paub tswj kom dhau tsuas yog ob tug miv tom qab nws tau raug kev ua phem rau lawv cov lus rau avant-garde. Txij li thaum xyoo 1965, nws yog kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob qhia. Ua ntej yuav mus txawv teb chaws Ernst tswj los mus tsim nyob rau hauv lub USSR 850 txawv cov khoom. Tom qab mus txawv teb chaws Unknown ua ib tug tas mus li tug tswv cuab ntawm ntau yam kev kos duab cov txheej xwm nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Nws yeej ib txwm tau yus muaj los ntawm ib tug heev productivity. Ernst Unknown duab puab mas yuav kis tau zoo chaw, nws sai sai ua ib tug celebrity. Tom qab restructuring cov artist ib zaug dua nquag pib mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tsev. Txij thaum lig 20th xyoo pua Unknown ntaus nqi thoob plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb no raws li ib tug nyob classic, tus tswv.

Sau phau ntawv lub style ntawm Ernst Unknown

Twb tau nyob rau nws thaum ntxov tej hauj lwm ntawm lub sculptor yuav txoj. Sculptures Ernst Unknown yuav txuas nyob rau hauv ib tug sib sib zog nqus thiab haib symbolism expressionism. Nws yog tus founder ntawm ib tug tshiab duab puab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Nws creation - ib tug universal piv txwv qhia cov sib sib zog nqus philosophical lub ntsiab lus, tsis nyob rau hauv vain, ib co critics, sim los mus txiav txim nws style, hu ua los ntawm ib tug tsis paub hais tias "txawj ntse puab." Nyob rau hauv nws mature tej hauj lwm ntawm Ernst I. feem ntau yog hais txog tib neeg lub cev, ua rau koj mus cuag nws nrog lub ntiaj teb no ntawm artifacts, cov artist hu ua nws "ob xwm." Lub ntsiab ntsiab lus ntawm nws ua hauj lwm yog tib neeg, nws yog tus xwm txheej no ntawm tib neeg lub neej, nws cov ntsiab lus yog feem ntau Unknown nyob thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej. Nws lossi thov mus rau lub qhov kawg tib neeg cov teeb meem, nws yog xav nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj plaws ces ntawm tus tib neeg ntsuj plig. Cov hallmarks ntawm nws sau ntawv style soj ntsuam hu ua tus loj scale, kev paub qhia lo deformation ntawm daim duab, ib tug high degree ntawm generality ntawm daim duab.

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws sculptures los ntawm Ernst Unknown

Lub artistic cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm Ernst Unknown loj loj, kom deb li deb tsis muaj ib tug undertook rau suav yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam hauj lwm uas tsim los ntawm lub wizard. Nws yeej ib txwm muaj ib tug yawm muaj peev xwm rau kev ua hauj lwm, thiaj li muaj ib tug heev loj tus naj npawb ntawm nws tej hauj lwm. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm nws tej hauj lwm xws li: ib tug monument rau Khrushchev, lub monumental duab puab "Lub Tsob ntoo ntawm lub neej" thiab "Orpheus", ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg "Prometheus thiab cov me nyuam ntawm lub ntiaj teb no," monument "Qhaus paj", sculptural portraits ntawm Andrei Tarkovsky thiab Shostakovich, kev cai dab qhuas ua hauj lwm " lub plawv ntawm Khetos "puab" Golden tus me nyuam "nyob rau hauv Odessa monument" Renaissance. " Qhov no daim ntawv teev yog heev tsis tiav, vim tej hauj lwm ntawm lub artist yog ib tug ntau. Niaj hnub nimno cov duab puab tsis yog tsuas yog ib tug collectible, tiam sis feem ntau nws yuav yog ib feem ntawm tus tib neeg ib puag ncig. Muaj ntau niaj hnub monumentalists tsim tshwj xeeb tej hauj lwm rau qhov sib txawv lub zos, thiab feem ntau ua hauj lwm thiab Ernst Neizvestny. Lub sculptures tau ntsia tau rau hauv Moscow nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm perestroika thiab feem ntau yog ib feem ntawm lub mature tswv. Yog li, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab capital yuav pom tej monuments ntawm lub artist raws li ib tug "Tsob ntoo ntawm lub neej", "Revival", headstone Khrushchev.

Orpheus

Ob-meter duab puab "Orpheus" Ernst Unknown yog tsim los pab nyob rau hauv 1962. Tus thawj yog khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub artist lub studio nyob rau hauv New York. Sketches rau no ua hauj lwm tau siv los tsim nqi zog figurines TEFI. Lub figurine muaj ib tug impressive hnyav - 8.5 kg, thiab nyob rau hauv raws nraim tib txoj kev nws "kuj zoo kawg pog yawg". Lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim cov duab puab tuaj mus rau lub artist tom qab Khrushchev crushed nws tsim yaam tshab ntawm ib daim duab tso rau neeg pom. Cov duab ntawm lub paj huam nrog rau ib tug nraus hauv siab, ua si "nyob rau cov hlua ntawm nws tus plig," ntawm chav kawm, Ernst I. kis nws tus kheej yaam puab paub nyob rau hauv cov lub sij hawm.

Lub Tsob ntoo ntawm kev lub neej

Ntiaj teb no, tib neeg muaj teeb meem yog ib txwm xav nyob rau hauv lub loj ntxias xws li Ernst Neizvestny. Duab puab "Tsob ntoo ntawm lub neej" thiab "Prometheus thiab cov me nyuam ntawm lub ntiaj teb no", tsim nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawm myths xwb devoted mus rau lus nug ntawm lub neej, kev zoo thiab kev phem. Lub "Tsob ntoo ntawm lub neej" tus sau yog hais txog tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov biblical motifs, tab sis kuj cov cim ntawm lwm yam kev cai ntseeg, raws li zoo raws li cov ntsiab ntawm cov kob ntseeg. Nyob rau hauv cov duab puab, koj yuav saib tau lub ntsej muag ntawm tus neeg ntawm tag nrho cov muaj hnub nyoog, los ntawm Adas thiab Eva Yuri Gagarin. Lub qhov kawg nkaus ntawm tag nrho cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tsis nyob rau hauv vain yog tib neeg lub siab raws li ib tug cim ntawm lub neej thiab kev xav. Unknown ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm ntau tshaj 50 xyoo. Niaj hnub no cov duab puab sawv nyob rau hauv Moscow, thiab tej zaum nws yuav xav txog ib tug neeg twg.

monument Khrushchev

Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev npaj txhij txog lem ntawm lub neej yuav raug xam tias yog raws li ib tug duab puab Khrushchev. Ernst Neizvestny nyob rau hauv 1960, tom qab Khrushchev smashed rau smithereens nws creation, hu mus rau lub tsis paub hais tias "degenerate art", yuav tsis muag ib zaug xwb ua hauj lwm. Rau 15 xyoo nws tau muag ib tug tag nrho ntawm 4 ua hauj lwm, yuav tsis tau txais lub xeev kev txiav txim, ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug loader. Yog li ntawd, rau Khrushchev nyob rau Unknown yog to taub tsis zoo tus cwj pwm. Txawm li cas los, thaum, tom qab Khrushchev tuag, nws cov txheeb ze hais kom ua ib tug tombstone sculptor pom zoo. Nws tsim ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg uas metaphorically qhia lub tswv yim ntawm tawm tsam thiab kev sib sau ntawm opposites, lub teeb thiab qhov tsaus ntuj. Cov ua hauj lwm sawv rau Khrushchev lub ntxa ntawm Novodevichy Cemetery.

daim npog qhov ncauj ntawm kev tu siab

Ernst Neizvestny, sculptures uas yuav pom nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws puas ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, feem ntau nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm rau cov npe ntawm cov tsis muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm lub cev thiab ntsuj plig. Rau ob peb lub xyoo nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv peb tes num ntawm lub monument ntawm lub cim xeeb ntawm cov neeg raug ntawm kev tsuj nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union, lub npe hu ua "Lub Daim npog qhov ncauj ntawm txoj kev tuag." Nyob rau hauv allegorical daim ntawv artist qhia lub tswv yim ntawm cov neeg siab phem kev ntawm lub Soviet nom tswv tsoom fwv. Nws tsim ib lub cim ntawm mourning poj niam thiab leej niam, leej twg tau tos rau innocent neeg raug kaw. Hauv lub monument reconstructed replica ntawm lub tsev rau txim ntawm tes, nyob rau hauv uas koj yuav nce lub hlau ntaiv li lub tsev rau txim pej thuam. 15-meter siab monument yog pom los ntawm yuav luag txhua qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Magadan - tacit capital camps ntawm Soviet lub sij hawm.

qhaus paj

Piav txog cov duab puab Ernst Unknown, yuav tsis nco qab txog lub grandiose monument "Qhaus paj" nyob rau hauv Iyi tebchaws. Monument piv Soviet-Arab phooj ywg thiab tau ntsia nyob ze ntawm lub pas dej tauv Aswan. Qhov no grand 75 'meter' siv Unknown tsim nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nrog ob architects, uas tom qab sim understate lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub sculptor ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv peb tes num. Xijpeem, nws sketches Ernst Iosifovich cia ib tug pab pawg neeg ntawm tus sau phau ntawv los yeej muaj cov kev sib tw rau lub monument. Niaj hnub no, nws yog cov kaum siab tshaj plaws monuments nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Tag nrho puab nto ntawm lub paj yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog reliefs ntawm cov nuj nqis los ntawm Ernst Unknown.

Tswv Yexus lub plawv

Ernst Neizvestny, sculptures uas yog nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws collections nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, twb zoo siab uas tsim ib daim uas yog cia nyob rau hauv lub Vatican Tsev khaws puav pheej. Cov duab puab "lub Plawv ntawm Khetos" - ib tug variation rau hauv lub ntsiab ntawm lub canonical crucifix. Cov artist tsim ib tug complex muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig, tab sis daim duab ntawm Khetos surrounded los ntawm ib tug tej yam chaw, symbolizing tus mob, kev ntshai, tib neeg qw. Kuv xav mus yuav ib tug ua hauj lwm ntawm Pope John Paul II, tab sis lub sculptor muab nws mus rau lub pov thawj, thiab tam sim no nws adorns tus Vatican Tsev khaws puav pheej.

Txeeb thiab nco

Sculptures Ernst Unknown nyob rau hauv txawv qhov chaw nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Nyob rau hauv New York nyob rau hauv lub artist tuaj txoos ua ke ib tug zoo sau los ntawm nws tej hauj lwm. Muaj yog ib qho kev nthuav sau nyob rau hauv lub teb Ernst Iosifovich, nyob rau hauv Yekaterinburg. Ntawm no yog muab ob peb sculptures thiab ib tug ntau ntawm graphics. Nyob rau hauv lub Swedish nroog ntawm Uttersberge muaj yog ib tug tsev cia puav pheej nrog ib tug me me tab sis zoo sau los ntawm tej hauj lwm los ntawm tus tswv. Tab sis lub ntsiab hauj lwm ntawm cov artist yog rau hauv txoj kev ntawm lub zos nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, ib txhia yog nyob rau ntawm tus naas ej cemeteries.

Thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej, Ernst Neizvestny tau txais ntau yam khoom plig thiab prizes txawv teb chaws. Teb koj chaw kuj tau muab khoom plig mus rau cov artist. Nws twb muab qhov kev txiav txim "Rau Merit" Puav pheej ntawm yawm, lub xeev nqi zog ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.