Qhuav ntawm hydrogen sulfide, nws cov khoom, cov kev siv ntawm

Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav saib tau leej faj los ntawm hydrogen sulphide. Ib tug los ze zog saib lub cev thiab tshuaj thaj chaw ntawm lub substance.

qauv

Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim rau kev tsom xam lub ntsiab txais tos ntawm hydrogen sulfide, nws yog tsim nyog los paub qhov nta ntawm nws cov qauv. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj muaj ib tug leej faj atom thiab ob hydrogen. Lawv yog cov uas tsis yog-hlau, li ntawd, ntawm lub ntsiab tsim covalent ncov qaumteb qabteb bonds. Lub angular qauv ntawm cov hydrogen sulfide. Nws cov ntaub ntawv ib tug kaum sab xis ntawm 92 degrees ntawm cov leej faj thiab hydrogen, uas yog me ntsis me me tshaj nyob rau hauv cov dej.

lub zog

Hydrogen sulfide tsw li lwj qe, yog paub rau tag nrho cov. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, lub tshuaj yog nyob rau hauv lub gaseous lub xeev. Nws twb tsis muaj xim, yog tsis zoo soluble nyob rau hauv dej, lom. Nyob rau nruab nrab, ntawm 20 degrees Celsius 2.4 hydrogen sulfide yuav yaj nyob rau hauv cov dej ntim. Thaum hydrogen sulfide dej qhia me ntsis acidic zog dissociation neeg sawv cev hais stepwise. Lom hydrogen sulfide yog txaus ntshai txawm nyob rau hauv me me koob tshuaj. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov huab cua kwv yees li 0.1 feem pua hydrogen sulfide ua rau tuag tes tuag taw ntawm lub pa chaw nrog rau tsis nco qab. Piv txwv li, lub legendary naturalist Pliniy Starshy tuag nyob rau hauv lub 79 xyoo pua BC, nws yog hydrogen sulfide, uas yog tsim nyob rau thaum lub sij hawm kev tawg ntawm Vesuvius.

Yog vim li cas rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm hydrogen sulfide lom nyob rau hauv nws cov tshuaj sis raug zoo nrog hemoglobin nyob rau hauv cov ntshav. Hlau muaj nyob rau hauv no protein ntaub ntawv ib tug sulfide nrog hydrogen sulfide.

Qhov siab tshaj plaws pub concentration ntawm hydrogen sulfide nyob rau hauv cov huab cua yog xav tau 0.01 mg / l. Raws li ib tug antidote siv nqus tau pa ntshiab oxygen los yog huab cua, nyob rau hauv uas cov qauv muaj yog ib tug me ntsis nyiaj ntawm cov tshuaj.

Ua hauj lwm nrog cov hydrogen sulfide yuav tsum tau ua raws li tej yam muaj kev ruaj ntseg cov kev cai. Tag nrho thwmsim txog qhov no gaseous tshuaj nqa nyob rau hauv kaw kiag li lawm thiab fume cupboards.

Txoj kev uas ua hydrogen sulfide

Yuav ua li cas yog tau txais cov hydrogen sulfide nyob rau hauv lub lab? Feem ntau ib tug yog tus sis ntawm hydrogen nrog cov leej faj. Qhov no tshuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hais txog ib tug compound uas yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug fume hood.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev npaj thiab tejzaum nws lub hydrogen sulfide nyob rau hauv cov kev pauv ntawm cov khoom hlau sulfide (2) thiab ib tug tov ntawm sulfuric los yog hydrochloric acid. Yog xav tau xws li ib tug tshwm sim, nyob rau hauv lub xeem raj yog txaus mus coj ib tug ob peb daim ntawm cov leej faj, tsis pub tshaj qhov luaj li cas ntawm lub noob taum. Ntxiv mus, lub raj (ib nrab volume) twb ntxiv lub acid tshuaj, cov pa raj yog kaw. Tus ntaus ntawv yog muab tso rau hauv lub hood, lub raj yog rhuab. Cov tshuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog nrog los ntawm kev tso cai ntawm roj npuas. Qhov no tso cai rau koj los mus tsim hydrogen sulfide kom muab tau cov nqi ntawm cov khoom txaus rau kev saib xyuas ntawm nws tshuaj zog.

Yuav ua li cas lwm txoj kev uas yog? Nyob rau hauv lub laboratory kev npaj ntawm hydrogen sulphide nws yog tau tso cai los ntawm reacting nws yog xim hlau hlau (nyob rau hauv ib tug hood) nrog ib tug crystalline leej faj, ua raws li los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sulfide nrog sulfuric acid.

tshuaj zog

Hydrogen sulfide reacts nrog rau oxygen hauv cov huab cua, nws Burns ib tug xiavlus xim. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ua kom tiav combustion cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom uas leej faj dioxide (4) thiab dej. Muab hais tias lub cub tawg roj yog ib qho acidic oxide, nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj, nws cov ntaub ntawv ib tug tsis muaj zog sulfurous acid, coloring xiav litmus ntawv liab.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txaus los khi cov nqi ntawm cov hydrogen sulfide tsim crystalline sulfur. Qhov no tus txheej txheem no xam tau tias yog ib tug muaj txoj kev rau cov leej faj los ntawm ntshiab hydrogen sulfide.

Nyob rau hauv no tshuaj uas thiab zoo heev resilience. Lawv pom tias, piv txwv li, los ntawm reacting nrog ntsev, halogens. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav nyob rau hauv kev vitro zoo xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv kev xeem plab roj hmab nrog chlorine thiab bromine nchuav sulfide tshuaj, heev muaj cai. Raws li ib tug tshuaj tiv thaiv ad raug cai rau hauv lub tsim ntawm crystalline sulfur.

Thaum cov tshuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm hydrogen sulfide nrog dej lub tsim ntawm hydronium ntawv H3O +.

Hydrogen sulfide yuav tsim ob hom ntawm lub tebchaw: sulfides (nruab nrab ntsev) thiab hydrosulfides (acidic ntsev).

Nyob rau hauv lub alkali thiab alkaline ntiaj teb hlau sulfides yog tsis muaj kob tebchaw. Nyob rau hauv hnyav hlau (tooj liab, npib tsib xee, taug txhuas), lawv yog dub. Manganese sulfide muaj ib tug liab xim. Muaj ntau ntawm ntsev tsis yaj nyob rau hauv dej.

Zoo tshuaj tiv thaiv rau sulfides nrhiav sis raug zoo nrog tooj liab sulfate tshuaj (2). Cov khoom xws li sis yog dub precipitate ntawm tooj liab sulfide (2).

xaus

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, qhov no tshuaj yog nyob rau hauv cov mineral springs, volcanic gases. Qhov no compound yog ib yam khoom ntawm cov hniav lwj los ntawm nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj muaj tus kab mob, nws distinguishes tus yam ntxwv tsw ntawm hydrogen sulfide. Ntuj sulfides pom nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm tsis tshua muaj co nyob rau hauv lub metallurgy ntawm lawv txais kom tsim nyog hais. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tau nco ntsoov hais tias cov hydrogen sulfide yog ib tug muaj zog tshuaj lom tshuaj.