Qhov tiag txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb no - nws yog ib lub craftsmen nyob rau hauv Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws

Nyob rau hauv 1905, Italian archeologist thiab orientalist Ernesto Schiaparelli, tau immortalized nws lub npe lub foundations ntawm lub qhov ntxa uas Nefertari, thawj thawj xib fwb tus poj niam ntawm Ramses II ntawm, kuv tau ua lwm tsab discovery. Nyob rau sab hnub poob txhab nyiaj ntawm lub Nile nyob ntawm Luxor, nws pom ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov Theban necropolis, thiab txoj cai tom ntej no mus rau nws - ib tug hais sib haum ntawm craftsmen uas ua qhov zoo heev lub tuam tsev ntawm lub hav ntawm lub kav cov vaj ntxwv. Cov kev sib hais haum yog, Deir el-Medina, tam sim no lub npe hu mus rau txhua txhua Egyptologist raws li ib tug "qhov chaw ntawm qhov tseeb", undistorted daim iav qhia tau hais tias yuav ua li cas craftsmen nyob tim lyiv teb chaws ntawm lub Pharaohs.

Deir el-Medina originated ntawm vaj ntxwv Thutmoses kuv, kwv yees li nyob rau hauv nruab nrab nyob rau hauv XVI. BC. e. Txawm li cas los, yeej muaj tseeb kos duab crafts yog paub ancient Egyptians ntev ua ntej qhov kev tshwm sim. Archaeologists txawj paub cov khoom uas tsis tshua muaj siab zoo, yos los ntawm thaum ntxov bronze lub sij hawm (hais txog 3 txhiab. BC. E.). Bronze thiab tooj liab ua cov cuab yeej, tais diav, statuettes thiab riam phom. Hlau thawj hlau yog li ntawd scarce uas lub ancient Egyptians ntshai nws raws li tus poob hnub qub, xa los ntawm saum ntuj ceeb tsheej.
Craftsmen nyob rau hauv ancient Egypt, ua hauj lwm nrog cov hlau, muaj ib txwm tau nyob rau hauv tus nqi, tab sis muaj tsis muaj ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj rau Jewelers uas daws kub thiab precious pob zeb. Muaj ntau lub decorations thiab kev cai dab qhuas cwj pwm, pom nyob rau hauv lub tombs ntawm lub pharaohs thiab lub tuam tsev, yog unmatched kom deb li deb, thiab lawv cov khoom technology yog tsis daws kom hnub no.

Lwm hwm pab pawg neeg ntawm craftsmen yog cov uas tau ua hauj lwm nrog ntoo. Qhov no yog txuam nrog ib tug tshaj ntawm high-zoo ntoo: rau ob lub ntug dej Nile loj hlob, mas xibtes ntoo, dav hlau ntoo tab sis lub Sycamore. Cov lawv yog feem ntau yog ua rooj tog. Monopoly luam vaj ntxwv tau tso cai kom xa rau tim lyiv teb chaws los ntawm sab hnub tuaj teb chaws ntoo thuv trunks, marching rau lub nkoj xav tau kev pab. Thiab los ntawm lub South mas feem ntau precious ebony uas manufactured khoom kim heev cov khoom thiab rooj tog zaum rau lub sab sauv strata ntawm cov haiv neeg.

Nyob ib leeg tau artisans uas tsim cov pob zeb ib tug neeg architectural ntsiab ntawm majestic tombs thiab lub tuam tsev. Dua li ntawm qhov kuj privileged txoj hauj lwm, lawv yog nkaus nyob rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tus vaj ntxwv los yog pov thawj. Tsis muaj leej twg, tsuas yog lawv, "architectural excesses" twb tsis tsim nyog.

Dog dig tus neeg npaj khoom ntawm av nplaum thiab reeds. Craftsmen nyob rau hauv ancient Egypt tsim lub loj zus tau tej cov tais diav ntim chaws tais thiab wicker quav, mats, baskets. Cov tais diav tau feem ntau yuav pom nyob rau hauv decorations hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nuj nqis, reliefs, dluab ntawm gods, tib neeg thiab tsiaj.

Qhuav ntawm linen hnub rov qab mus rau tus thawj dynasty ntawm pharaohs. Wove nws nrog cov ntsug thiab kab rov tav cov tshuab. Ua thiab xim tsuas nws. Hais txog yeeb yuj linen cov khaub ncaws yuav raug txiav txim los ntawm cov xim murals nyob rau hauv tombs thiab lub tuam tsev.

Cov duab yuav tsis tiav yam tsis muaj hais txog ntau lawm ntawm Papyrus, uas tau ua ib qho tseem ceeb lub cim ntawm ancient Iyiv keeb kwm. Lub monopoly rau cov qoob loo thiab ua cov pas nrig tswv ntawm lub ntau Nile Delta, kuj tau koom rau Falau. Craftsmen nyob rau hauv ancient Egypt tau kho pas nrig fiber ntau thiab cov ntsug tus kav, thiab tau txais papyrus rau kev sau ntawv, los ntawm kev uas mus txog peb nqi lus hais txog cov txheej xwm uas coj qhov chaw ntau txhiab xyoo dhau los.

Los ntawm kev kuaj thaum lub sij hawm excavations ntawm Deir el-Medina, ntau yam xws li ib tug mosaic ua los muaj ib zaug xwb daim duab, uas qhia rau hauv lub neej ntawm artisans nyob rau hauv ancient Egypt. Nyob rau hauv ib tes, lawv ua qhev rau lub secrets ntawm nws kev koom tes nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm tombs: rau txhua tus ntawm lawv muab kev kho mob saib xyuas, thiab lub zos twb sib cais los ntawm tus so ntawm lub ntiaj teb no los ntawm phab ntsa. Txawm li cas los, lawv raug tso cai mus nyob nrog lawv cov pojniam thiab cov me nyuam. Thiab nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, piv nrog rau lwm cov artisans ntawm lawv txoj hauj lwm nws suav hais tias privileged.

Los ntawm Deir el-Medina yog kev cob cog rua rau ib tug astonishing ancient ntiaj teb no kev tshwm sim - tus thawj tawm tsam nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm noob neej! Yog, craftsmen nyob rau hauv ancient Egypt ib zaug dared rau vajhuam lawv txoj cai tom qab lawv tau ntev tau them nyiaj rau tsis muaj dab tsi rau lawv tej hauj lwm. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov no thiaj hu ua "Papyrus ntaus."

Leej twg uas tau puas tau nyob rau hauv Egypt, mus xyuas nws tsev cia puav pheej, pom lub creation ntawm tib neeg txhais tes nyob rau lub sij hawm uas tsa grandiose lug, to taub lub ntsiab zoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb no no - tsis pyramids thiab Sarcophagi, tab sis los mus tsim lawv cov yooj yim cov neeg uas paub ntau yam txog kuv khoom siv tes ua thiab yeej tsis nyob rau ntawm lub lub neej tsis tau rau nws ib tug tsim nyog nqe zog.