Nws yuav ntau thiab ntau nrov hluav taws xob tsim lub ntsiab. Peb muaj rau koj ib tsab xov xwm uas yuav qhia koj dab tsi programming microcontrollers rau beginners.
Yuav ua li cas yog microcontrollers muaj?
Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum piav qhia txog qhov teeb meem no nrog microcontrollers. Lub fact tias lawv yog ua tsis ib tug ruaj, tab sis ob peb, yog li ntawd muaj yog ib tug heev heev ntawm txawv microcontrollers, uas muaj ntau nqis, yam sib txawv nta ntawm cov kev siv thiab ntau yam. Lawv txawv nyob rau hauv kev kawm ceev, ntxiv interfaces thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov kais dej. Cov feem nrov thoob plaws hauv lub qub Soviet Union yog cov neeg sawv cev RІS thiab AVR. Programming AVR thiab RІS yog ib qho yooj yim, uas ensured lawv tej chaw.
Raws li microcontrollers yog programmed?
Programming microcontrollers yog nqa tawm, feem ntau yog nrog kev pab los ntawm tshwj xeeb pab kiag li lawm, hu ua programmers. Cov yuav ua tau nws tus kheej-ua los muas los yog. Tab sis thaum lub microcontroller firmware siv ib tug qhob programmer sij hawm uas nws yuav los ua ib tug "cib", yog heev siab heev. Muaj yog ib tug ntau xaiv uas koj yuav xav txog cov piv txwv ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib "Arduino". Lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib sau rau Atmel tus MC, thiab nws yog ua li cas lub cajmeem AVR microcontrollers. Lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib twb muaj ib tug pre-stitched bootloader thiab USB chaw nres nkoj uas tso cai rau muaj kev nyab xeeb siv flash microcontroller, muab tus neeg siv kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv uas tej zaum yuav qhov zoo tshaj plaws MC lov tes taw. Programming microcontrollers rau beginners yog tsis nyuaj li thaum tej zaum nws yuav zoo li, thiab thaum lub kev txawj thiab ingenuity yuav cawm koj los ntawm muaj mus rau lub tshiab mechanism.
Kho vajtse txawv ntawm txawv microcontrollers
Thaum xaiv ib tug microcontroller yuav tsum xyuam xim rau tej kev kho vajtse txawv yog tsis txawm sib txawv tuam txhab uas muag, thiab nyob rau tib cov qauv ntau yam. Yuav pib them sai sai mus rau lub peev xwm mus overwrite cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub microcontroller. Qhov no feature yuav cia koj mus xyaum ua tej yam nrog ib tug ntev MC. Tsis tas li ntawd nco ntsoov tus xov tooj ntawm pins mus rau lawv lo lus uas peb. Tsis txhob tso tseg, thiab lub zaus ntawm tus siv lead ua uas yog khiav lub tswvyim: nws muaj feem xyuam rau tus xov tooj ntawm ua hauj lwm ib ob, uas muaj peev xwm ua tau ib tug microcontroller. Nyob rau kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov yam ntxwv, raws li zoo raws li lub cim xeeb IC yuav chiv zoo li uas tsis muaj dab tsi ntse microcontroller yuav tsis ua li cas, tab sis qhov no yog ib tug misconception. Nco ntsoov hais tias programming microcontrollers rau beginners yuav tsum tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov khoom rau thaum pib, tiam sis raws li ib tug cia, thiab koj yuav siv sij hawm ib yam dab tsi ntau haib.
Lus ntawm programming microcontrollers
Lub microcontroller yog siv raws li ib tug ob programming lus: C / C ++ thiab assembler. Txhua yam ntawm lawv nws muaj nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias peb tham txog cov assembler, nws yuav ua rau nws tau ua txhua yam zoo heev finely thiab meej, nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum koj tsis muaj txaus RAM los yog ua hauj lwm muaj peev xwm (uas, incidentally, yog heev tsawg). Tab sis nws kev tshawb fawb thiab sau ntawv rau nws cov kev pab cuam yuav tsum tau ib tug ntau ntawm kev rau siab, lub sij hawm thiab tuaj raws sijhawm. Yog li ntawd, rau txoj kev loj hlob raws li microcontrollers kheev siv programming lus C thiab C ++. Lawv to taub zoo dua los ntawm daim ntawv thiab cov qauv nyob ze tib neeg hais lus, tab sis yog lawv tsis sawv cev rau nws nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev txiav txim zoo. Lawv kuj muaj ib tug heev zoo researched nta uas yuav yooj yim sib txuas lus nrog cov kho vajtse, imagining hais tias qhov no yog cia li ib tug keeb ntawm cov kev pab cuam. Rau tag nrho nws cov khees zoo nyob rau hauv C thiab C ++, tsim ib tug ntau peb-dimensional kev pab cuam, es los ua ke lus.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tej lub sij hawm, thaum ib qho tseem ceeb kev khiav hauj lwm qhov chaw siv, nws yog ua tau rau muab cov lus. Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntawm cov kev loj hlob ib puag ncig rau C thiab C ++ muaj lub peev xwm rau nruab qhov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv assembler inserts. Yog li ntawd, yog tias ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim nyob rau ib tug tseem ceeb heev qhov chaw yuav sau assembler insert thiab integrate nws mus rau hauv lub firmware rau lub microcontroller thiab cov firmware nws tus kheej, los yog es, feem ntau ntawm nws mus rau sau nyob rau hauv C los yog C ++. Microcontroller programming nyob rau hauv C yog yooj yim, muaj coob tus neeg xaiv cov lus. Tab sis cov neeg uas tsis ntshai tsis muaj teeb meem thiab xav to taub lub peculiarity ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm cov khoom, yuav tau sim lawv txhais tes thiab nrog rau cov assembler.
parting lus
Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug lub siab xav mus xyaum ua tej yam nrog microcontrollers, nws yog ib qho zoo. Peb yuav tsuas qhia ua siab ntev thiab perseverance, thiab ces tag nrho cov hom phiaj teem ua ntej lub inventor, yuav ua tau. Programming microcontrollers rau beginners thiab txog tej cov neeg zoo sib txawv: nws yog ib qhov nyuaj rau beginners, lub tej - niaj hnub ua. Qhov loj tshaj plaws - nco ntsoov tias txhua yam uas yog tsis tooj mus rau cov kev cai ntawm physics, yog ua tau thiab decisive.