Yav tas los txhua yam yog yooj yim: Lub tsev kawm ntawv kawm tiav tau txais ib daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kom loj hlob thiab suav hais tias ib tug neeg tau txais ib yam kev kawm ntawv. Nws yog lub hauv paus rau lub continuation ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb. Cov tub ntxhais hluas uas xav mus gnaw granite ntawm science, yuav sau npe kawm nyob rau hauv hauj lwm cov tsev kawm ntawv, kev kawm ntawv thiab cov universities. Thawj ob lub tsev kawm ntawv rau qhov teeb meem diplomas ntawm theem nrab tshwj xeeb, thiab lub xeem - ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv degree. Tab sis tam sim no qhov teeb meem no tau hloov. Los tus neeg thov rau tus ncej - bachelor. "Qhov no kawm ntawv qib siab los yog tsis?" - xav tias tus tswv hauj lwm. Cov lus nug, yam tsawg kawg nyob rau hauv Russia, dog dig tsis meej pem. Peb yuav sim kom to taub nws.
Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub thiaj li hu ua Bologna txheej txheem, Bachelor - yog tus nqi qis tshaj kev kawm degree muab rau cov tub ntxhais kawm uas muaj mastered tej kev kawm nyob rau hauv high school. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, lawv tiv thaiv lawv kawg ua hauj lwm ua ntej lub teb chaws ntawv pov thawj Commission thiab tau coj diploma. Bachelor peev xwm tso cai xws li ib tug neeg mus ntxiv lawv txoj kev kawm. Ib tug kawm tiav, nws yuav ua ib tug Xib Hwb.
Nws nkawd hais tias txhua yam tseem raws li nws yog. Bachelor - ib tug hluas uas muaj siab consummated kev kawm ntawv. Ib tug Master - yog ib tug neeg uas twb dhau postgraduate kev kawm thiab defended nws tus tswv lub tswv yim sib cav. Nyob rau hauv lub nyob sab Europe thiab American lub teb chaws, feem coob ntawm cov kawm ntawv tiav ntawm tsev kawm qib siab thiab tsev kawm ntawv nkag mus rau hauv adulthood thiab pom ib txoj hauj lwm nrog ib tug bachelor degree. Lub Masters yog tsuas yog cov geeks uas yuav npaj mus ua kev tshawb fawb los yog, nyob rau hauv lem, ua tsev kawm ntawv cov xib fwb. Txawm li cas los, thaj chaw ua hauj lwm yeej paub tias zaum nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws tom nws competitor Bachelor science nyob rau hauv tsev kawm qib siab tsawg kawg yog plaub lub xyoos (raws li ib tug Medic - 5-6 xyoos). Yog li, lub bachelor "muaj" - ib tug tag nrho lub tsev kawm ntawv degree.
Nyob rau hauv Russia, lub bachelor - ib tug high school cov menyuam kawm ntawv uas tom qab high school disaccustomed plaub lub xyoos. Thiab tom qab ua hauj lwm los yog kev kawm - peb los yog 3.5, nyob ntawm seb daim ntawv ntawm cov kev kawm. Txawm li cas los, raws li peb paub, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab universities thiab tsev kawm ntawv cov tub ntxhais kawm coj tsib kawm. Yog li, ob-theem system, ua tswvcuab nyob rau hauv 2011, yuav tsum tau hais tias tus thawj plaub lub xyoos, tus menyuam kawm ntawv kawm tsuas yog tus general qhuab qhia. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub thib tsib xyoo ntawm ib tug neeg xaiv ib tug nqaim kev orientation nyob rau hauv ib tug muab kev taw qhia. Qhov no thiaj li hu ua tshwj xeeb. "Bachelor nyob rau hauv psychology" - yog ib tug piv txwv ntawm ib tug high school kawm tiav. Muaj lwm cov kev xaiv. "Specialist tsev neeg psychology" - yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm lub thib ob hom kev kawm rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv.
Lub diplomas uas yog muab los ntawm xws li kawm tiav, nyob rau hauv cov xim dub thiab dawb ntawd hais tias cov bachelor - yog lub siab tshaj plaws ua kom tiav kev kawm ntawv. Cov ntaub ntawv kuj muab sau profile (kev taw qhia) ntawm cov tub ntxhais specialist: txoj cai, economics, kev tswj. Txawm li cas los, tus menyuam kawm ntawv tsuas yog cov thawj zaug paub kev txawj ntse. Qhov no nws muaj nws pros thiab cons. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, plaub lub xyoos - nws yog tsis tau muaj tsib xyoo, thiab bachelor nyob rau hauv no tshwj xeeb muaj nuj nqis loses, npaum li cas tsawg tus tswv. Tab sis, nyob rau hauv lwm cov tes, Bachelor - ib tug neeg tsis yog "obsessed" rau ib txhia ib nqaim heev tshwj xeeb. Nws muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov sectors ntawm kev ua si uas yuav tsum tau kawm ntawv qib siab. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej bachelor, tsom rau cov kev xav tau ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog tau xyum lawv kev txawj ntse, tau txais ib tug thib ob degree nyob rau hauv ob xyoos los yog ib tug 2.5.