Ntses tsev neeg ntawm loaches (yees duab)

Loaches yog kis tau thoob lub ntiaj teb no, tab sis unevenly. Muaj lawv yog nyob rau hauv Central Asia, Teb chaws Europe (tshwj tsis yog sab qaum teb), nyob rau hauv teb chaws Africa thiab Southeast Asia. Creepers tsis pom nyob rau hauv Australia, lub teb chaws Amelikas no, nyob rau hauv tus dej ntws ntawm lub Arctic hiav txwv. Txawm li cas los, views tas li migrating, thiab qhov teeb meem no yuav hloov.

Tej me nyuam dej ntses Russia tau piav nyob rau hauv kom meej lub npe nrov zoologist thiab popularizer ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, LP Sabaneev. Tej cwj pwm tsis zoo, txoj kev ua neej thiab ib co ntawm cov kev nta ntawm loaches peb paub los ntawm nws ua hauj lwm.

kev faib

Loaches yog heev heev pab pawg neeg ntawm carps. Nyob rau hauv lem, lub tsev neeg Nws yog muab faib ua peb subfamilies: vyunopodobnye, goltsopodobnye thiab botsiepodobnye. Los ntawm vyunopodobnym suav cov loach, nrog rau cov feem ntau ntau nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws - zoo tib yam thiab spined. Goltsopodobnyh muaj txog 15 genera; Qhov no subfamily qha cov zoo tshaj "qhib-mindedness": ib co mej zeej ntawm cov pab pawg neeg xav txias fast-ntws roob ntws, lwm yam (qhov muag tsis pom loach) - dej teev tej qhov tsua.

Botsiepodobnye creepers yog ntau nyob rau hauv Thaib teb, Indonesia thiab Vietnam. Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws sab qhov ntxov tshaj plaws cov neeg sawv cev ntawm loaches. Botia thiab leptobotsii muaj nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe raws li ib tug thoob dej yug ntses ntses. Lub genus yog Botsiev nto moo clown, uas yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau ntawm tej khw muag tsiaj. Tag nrho cov tsev neeg ntawm loaches yog tsis heev xauv npo, tab sis ichthyologists tseem mus nrhiav tau tshiab hom hnub no.

General yam ntxwv

Loaches nyob thiab pub nyob ze ntawm lub qab. Qhov no feature yog txiav txim los ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov loach: tag nrho cov neeg ntawm tsev neeg muaj ib tug lengthened lub cev, bruskovatoe los yog ribbonlike, tej zaum - ib tug me ntsis flattened lub taub hau. Ncauj loaches yog nyob rau ntawm lub hauv qab. Nraub fin luv luv. Nplai dua heev ntiav thiab meej coated nrog hnoos qeev uas tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm kev puas tsuaj loach. Txawm li cas los, tseem muaj kiag li liab qab ntses. Ob lub qhov muag me me. Nyob rau hauv ib co hom, lawv them nrog ib tug pob tshab daim tawv nqaij (dua, rau kev tiv thaiv). Yuav tsum tau attribute ntawm txhua tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg - lub antennae. Muaj tej zaum yuav tsum yog los ntawm 3 mus rau 6 officers. Nares loach yog elongated hlab. Creepers thiab Botia tau podglaznye retractable spikes. Ib txhaj tshuaj ntawm lub qhov ntsia hlau loj yuav ua rau o. Podglazny ntsia hlau loj - ib tug kuj zoo kev ntsuas tawm tsam noog of prey.

Ntses loaches tsev neeg tsis nyiam ci ntsa iab thiab yog tshuab txais los ntawm nightfall. Zuag qhia tag nrho creepers lethargic thiab secretive (qhov no tsis thov xwb los ib co loaches). Cov mej zeej coob ntawm cov tsev neeg muaj ib tug propensity rau tabtom faus dabtsi hauv cov av nkos los yog xuab zeb. Muaj lawv tsis tau tsuas yog prey rau me me crustaceans thiab kab, tab sis tos tawm phem lub sij hawm - xws li qhuav.

Ntawm no yog Misgurnus fossilis, los yog hom eel. Photo muab ib tug zoo lub tswv yim ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tactile whiskers:

Cov feem ntau eel

Misgurnus fossilis, phem nyob rau hauv silty dej thiab nraum dej ntws nyob rau hauv ntau European lub teb chaws - lub npe nrov tshaj tus hauv tsev neeg. Sabaneev sau tias Lavxias teb sab fishermen lawv feem ntau tsis saib xyuas vim lub me me loj (txog 25 cm), txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv ib co xeev (xws li, Minsk), eel yog nrov raws li ib tug cua thiab npaj meej muaj nyob cov khoom xyaw rau kua zaub. Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, nws twb txiav txim siab los brew npias los yog vinegar. Tsis tas li ntawd loach qhuav rau lub caij ntuj no.

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, eel tsis tau tsuas yog ntiav, tab sis tsis yog tshwj xeeb txaus nyiam: nws yog them nrog hnoos qeev, thiab raug rho los ntawm cov dej, frantically wriggling thiab squealing. Tag nrho cov ntses tsev neeg Cobitidae muaj lub peev xwm rau kev ua pa atmospheric huab cua, sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj thiab dhau los ntawm lub rear seem ntawm cov hnyuv. Kawg, thiab nws yog ib tug chaw hauj lwm ntawm cov pa kabmob. Thaum cov huab cua mus, nws yog hnov ib lub suab, ib yam li ib tug squeak. Vim plab hnyuv ua tsis taus pa heev creepers yog zaum lawv tej zaum yuav muaj ntau tshaj ib lub lim tiam nyob rau hauv ib lub thoob ntawm huv dej, yog hais tias nws yog los npog cov nyom. Yog li ntawd, loach feem ntau cia lawv rau yav tom ntej siv raws li kab nuv ntses rau lub loj ntses: catfish, burbot, pike, eel.

nthuav nta

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, eel thiab yeej qab: nws cov nqaij mos, greasy thiab sai sai siav. Asians (Japanese thiab Indonesians) tsis tau tsuas yog mined, tab sis txawm yug ib co hom loaches rau zaub mov. Nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe thiab loach loaches yog ntes tau nyob rau kab nuv ntses (nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov) thiab cuab (nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no). Ntses tsev neeg loaches xav tsiaj noj khoom haus: me me crustaceans, caddis kab, qe, cua nab thiab Molluscs. Incidentally, eel copes nrog yoov tshaj cum (los yog es, lawv kab): Yog hais tias khawb ib lub pas dej nyob ze nws lub tsev thiab khom nws loach, raug kev txom nyem los ntawm annoying kab yog tsis tsim nyog.

Thiab thaum kawg, cov loach lug siv raws li ib tug barometer. Nws yog rhiab heev rau cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv atmospheric siab: floats mus rau qhov chaw, protrudes los ntawm cov dej, thiab feem ntau coj restlessly, uas yog txawv txawv rau nws. Eel txawm "twv" av qeeg.

Kab txawv loaches nyob rau hauv dej

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, nws tau los ua fashionable muaj ntses nyob rau hauv tsev, npaj miv thiab qhia lawv tej kev kawm. Peasants raug ntes tib yam dej ntses thiab muab lawv nyob rau hauv Moscow thiab St. Petersburg. Txawm li cas los, raws li koj paub, Russia dej tsis qab ntsev ntses no kuj ob peb. Aquarists zoo li ntau ntau yam. Yog li ntawd, yog ib tug thov rau kab txawv ntses. Tab sis Neeg Esxias creepers nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Tus thawj twb akantoftalmusy (subfamily vyunopodobnye) thiab Botia (subfamily botsiepodobnye). Zoo li lawv cov nyob sab Europe kwv tij txheeb ze, "Asians" yog cov sib txawv variegated coloring cov yam ntxwv ntawm hauv qab ntses. Cov feem ntau variant thereof - ib tug ua ke ntawm daj thiab dub (grey) me ntsis los yog kab txaij.

Ntawm no yog ib tug raug akantoftalmus, wormlike txaij eel. Photography yog tsis zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis tag nrho cov cim ntawm loaches (variegated xim, hwj txwv, lub cev zoo lawm, luv luv dorsal fin) yog muaj:

Botsiya clown

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ornamental ntses ntawm loaches - ib tug botsiya clown (lub npe mas yuav tsum tau piav qhia los ntawm txoj kev kaj lug, "zoo siab" txaij coloring thiab lub rooj noj ua cim). Lub birthplace ntawm cov ntses - Islands tuaj rau ntawm Kalimantan thiab Sumatra. clown lub cev - poob nthav luv luv, compact rau loach, torpedo, nrog voos reddish fins. Feem ntau, qhov ntev yog tsis ntau tshaj 17 cm outwardly li clowns South American catfish, Corydoras -. Vim zoo xws li cov lifestyles.

Cov loaches muaj antennae thiab podglazny ntsia hlau loj, lawv yog omnivorous, zoo siab thiab kev thaj yeeb. Txawm hais tias cov ntses yog tseem tau hnyuv ua tsis taus pa, lawv tseem ntau tshaj cov European creepers, nyob ntawm seb lub purity ntawm cov dej thiab nws cov saturation nrog oxygen. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv yuav tsis khom hwv, txhoj puab heev ntses (e.g., cichlid), thiab tshuaj los kho tooj liab. Tab sis nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, loach clown - unpretentious ntses.