Niaj hnub nimno underground tsev: yees duab

Underground tsev yog li reminiscent ntawm lub pov toj los yog qhov hais tias yuav luag hauj lwm ua ke nrog rau cov toj roob hauv pes. Tsis ntev los no, ntau thiab ntau cov neeg ua kom tau xws vaj tsev nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Qhov no yuav suav hais tias raws li ib tug txoj kev uas yuav sawv tawm los ntawm cov neeg coob coob thiab tau los ze zog mus rau qhov. Vaj tse ntawm no hom yog underground kiag los yog cov. Nws yog muaj kuab yog pab tsis tau tsuas yog thaum lub sij hawm ntawm kev tsim kho, tab sis kuj thaum lub sij hawm lub lag luam.

Underground tsev yog tsis raws li kim los tsim kom tau lawv muaj peev xwm mus yuav luag txhua tus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua raws li kev siv technology tshiab qauv mus rau qhov zoo ntawm cov ib puag ncig hauv lub tsev yog nyob rau ib theem siab. Cov av kub muaj tej yam ntxwv, uas yog vim li cas lub piav siv rau txuag zog. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, mus txog rau lub loj tshaj plaws txias hauv cov vaj tse khaws thaum tshav kub kub uas ua li thaum lub sij hawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov sov hnub. Uas yog vim li cas lub caij nyiaj so koobtsheej yuav raug ncua.

Yog vim li cas xaiv ib tug underground tsev

Cov av ua raws li ib tug es cov neeg pluag neeg xyuas pib ntawm tshav kub. Vim rau qhov no, tus kub yog ntev heev uas sau los ntawm lub thickness ntawm cov av, uas yog ib qho kev zoo xwb tsis nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias lub tshav kub nyob rau hauv lub kub hnub ntawm ib tug tob ntawm tsuas yog peb lub hlis tom qab ces 2.5 m. Lub coldest lub sij hawm no ntawm lub xyoo rau tej tsev yog hais tias yuav caij nplooj ntoos hlav.

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm qhov chaw rau qhov kev siv ntawm

Underground tsev yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam, uas tau yav tas los mus khaws. Nws yog zoo dua yog tias koj yuav nrhiav tau lub sab saum toj ntawm lub roob. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv kom txhob ntshav-los ntawm hauv qab av los rau hauv lub tsev. Lub qhov rais yog pom zoo kom siab rau tag nrho plaub sab, muab qhov chaw txaus lub teeb.

Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm lub sab qaum kev ib ntawm cov av yog tsim nyog los txiav tawm lub tsev, thiab tom qab kawm tiav ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm muab tso rov qab rau hauv qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv xws tsev yog tsis tshua muaj nrhiav tau ntxiv teeb pom kev zoo. Ntuj rays yog txaus, ib zaug rau hauv, koj yuav tsis xav tias qhov txawv ntawm ib lub tsev thiab ib tug pa tsev ntawm bricks.

Underground tsev yog ob hom:

• diked;
• underground.

Cov yav tas zoo ntawm kev kho yuav siv ntawm underground thiab hauv qab no lub lub tiaj. Dike tsev nyob saum av theem los yog muab zais qab ib tug kab theem. Txawm li cas los, lawv nto yog tseem tau sau li nrog av. Thaum kawm tiav ntawm cov av rov qab mus rau hauv qhov chaw kom hais tias nws yuav ua ib feem ntawm lub cuab ntxhiab.

Nta ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm cov dugout

Underground kev siv ntawm tsev yuav koom nrog cov creation ntawm lub dugout. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub tsev yog nyob rau hauv lub teb, uas muaj ib tug me me txoj kab nqes. Lub-ru tsev yuav tsum tau them nrog av, nws feem ntau yog ua Gable, nyob rau hauv uas tsis tshua muaj mob, xws li ib tug tsim yog lub arched los yog tiaj tus.

Nkag yog tsim nyog los ua ib qho kev thaum xaus, muab nws nrog ib tug toj. By meem li lub qhov rooj kauj ruam. Lub qhov rais yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev los yog Gables. Raws li ib tug kev qhov no yog lub hav zoov uas tsuas muaj ib pem teb. Yog hais tias koj ua ob tug, nws yuav ua tau ib tug zoo lub tsev nrog ib tug hauv qab daus. Tsev slab dav nyob rau hauv lub luv, li cas los xij, qhov no tus nqi yog feem ntau tsawg tshaj li 6 m.

Rau kev tsim kho tsim nyog los npaj lub qhov taub, hauv uas cov phab ntsa yog ua tau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lawv waterproofed, teem lub txhawb ncej, uas yuav ces yuav lub-ru tsev. Tom qab kawm tiav ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab ceilings, raws li zoo raws li lub tso ntawm waterproofing ntaub ntawv ru tsev them nrog av.

Nta ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm Dike tsev

Yog hais tias koj xav nyob rau hauv Underground siv cov kev faib ntawm tsev, koj muaj peev xwm xaiv Dike siv, uas yog haum rau lub tiaj feem, tus nqes hav los yog lub roob. Lub tsev twb tau kiag li submerged, lub sab sauv feem yuav nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Qhov seem phab ntsa obvalovyvayut, txo siv cov nqi.

Lub tsev yuav ua tau tej yam uas txoj kev npaj, thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub qhov rais yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv ob sab. Tus thawj theem ntawm kev tsim kho yuav tsum tau khawb lub qhov taub. Yog hais tias lub tsev yuav tsum los tsim kom tau mus rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb, thiab ces mus rau tiv thaiv cov av, peb yuav cia li tsiv mus rau lub thib ob theem - qhov kev siv ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab ru tsev. Nws yuav tsum tau waterproofing, uas yuav tsum tau withstand ib tug load ntawm cov av, yog li ntawd koj yuav tsum nqa tawm laij raws li cov kev cai. Lub tsev yog nyob rau hauv lub kawg theem them nrog av, tsuas yog rau cov neeg feem ntawm lub ua los, nyob qhov twg lub qhov rais thiab qhov rooj.

siv kev cai

Yog hais tias koj tau txiav txim siab los ua ib lub underground tsev nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, koj yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm tej yam cov kev cai. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias lub tsev yuav tsum tau raug mus ya raws. Yog li ntawd, lub tsev ntaub ntawv yuav tsum muaj tsim nyog. Piv txwv li, ntoo yog kho nrog dej-repellent. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus siv nyob rau hauv-situ qhob los yog tej hub. Aerated qhob yog tsis haum, vim hais tias nws yog muaj peev xwm mus nqus dej.

Ua ntej xaiv ib tug waterproofing yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav tau txhua lub sijhawm. Feem ntau cov qauv ntawm cov kev tsim kho ntawm underground los yog Dike tsev yog pom tias yuav tau muab kev khawb lub qhov taub. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no zaglubit tsev ntau tshaj 1 m, raws li muab piv nrog rau cov npaj siv qhov ntev.

Cov txheej sab ntawm lub tsev yog ua li cas melkozaglublenny foundation, endurance uas yog xam noj mus rau hauv tus account lub loads. Yog hais tias lub phab ntsa thickness yog tsis heev loj, yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub av load. Lub-ru tsev qauv yog feem ntau yog ua raws li nyob rau hauv lub truss system, tab sis koj muaj peev xwm siv cov qauv ntawm cov installation plank lus.

tswv yim pom zoo ua

Thaum ua underground thaj tsev, koj yuav siv tau qhob los yog av ci nyob rau hauv qhov kev siv ntawm cov phab ntsa. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub qab nthab yog monolithic thiab muaj ib tug koov zoo. Qhov no tsim yuav tsum tau ntau zog. Waterproofing pem teb thiab cov phab ntsa yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug tas mus voj. Yog hais tias lub tsev yog muaj tob dua los ntawm ntau tshaj 1 m, ces insulate lub tsev yog tsis tsim nyog. Nws kev txhawj xeeb tsuas yog tus phab ntsa, ces lub-ru tsev yuav tsum tau ntxiv insulated.

Thaum kho ntawm lub sexes yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau muab tso rau waterproofing, rwb thaiv tsev thiab Screed. Thaum lub theem kawg ntawm lub hniav npog mounted. Niaj hnub nimno underground tsev yuav tsum tau muaj ib tug kua system, uas yog nyob ze ntawm lub phab ntsa ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov dej yuav ntws thiab qhia mus rau hauv lub kua yeeb nkab, uas yuav tsum muaj hauv qab no rau theem ntawm cov tsev. Qhov xaus yuav tsum tau xa mus rau av lawm.

Lub tsev nrog ib tug underground chav nres tsheb

Lub tsev nrog ib tug underground chav nres tsheb niaj hnub no - yog tseem heev heev. Qhov kev txiav txim yog ib qho tseem ceeb, yog tias koj muaj ib qhov chaw uas yog tas rau cov dawb qhov chaw. Ua ntej yuav pib ua hauj lwm, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab - nyob rau hauv tag nrho los yog nyob rau hauv ib feem yog recessed chaw nres tsheb.

Qhov thib ob xaiv yog ntau yig thiab amenable mus yooj yim siv. Dhau sib sib zog nqus garages muaj ib co shortcomings ntawm lub hom ntawm ntau noo noo thiab av siab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los npaj ib lub phaj rau overlap uas yuav tsum tau muaj zog thiab tuab txaus. Koj yuav tsum pib mus ua hauj lwm nrog muab xam rau ntawm qhov ntim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los mus muab rau lub xub ntiag ntawm waterproofing.

Nyob rau hauv lub kauj ruam tom ntej hauv lub qhov taub yog npaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb coj mus rau hauv tus account lub inclination ntawm lub inbound lus. Daim Hlau muab tso rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov taub, yog li nws yog tsim nyog los siv ib lifting txheej txheem. Housing nrog ib tug underground chaw nres tsheb yuav tsum npaj rau lub tshuab, uas yuav siv rau ntawm lub chav nres tsheb nyob rau hauv kauj ruam sau hauv qab ntawm lub excavation nrog qhob. Fundam phab ntsa tsim nrog ua kev reinforced slabs. Lawv yuav tau nqa, thiab yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau muab rau siab load. Nyob rau sab phiaj yuav tsum muab ntsia overlapping, uas yuav pab raws li cov thawj pem teb. Thaj lub tsev nrog underground chaw nres tsheb yuav tsum muaj nyob rau saum toj ntawm lub waterproofing ntawm phab ntsa. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv tau cov allergic ntawm dej hauv lub chaw.

Txoj kev ntawm kev tsim kho

Cov phab ntsa thiab qab nthab yuav tsum tau them nrog waterproofing. Nyob rau saum npoo ntawm reinforcing mesh yog tsim los pab, thiab ces them nrog plaster. Pre-ua reference dav hlau noj compositions. Nws yuav tsum tau ua kom txog rau thaum tej lub sij hawm raws li koj them rau cov nto nrog primer.

Nyob rau hauv lub kauj ruam tom ntej koj yuav pib lub installation ntawm lub qhov rooj thiab ib tug neeg mus ncig tebchaws txoj kev. Peb tes num yog ib qho kev underground tsev, raws li zoo raws li ib tug underground chav nres tsheb, yuav tsum muaj xws li cov nyob rau ntawm kev sib txuas lus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau nteg cable, koj yuav tsum tau tsuas los txiav txim rau nws tus ntoo khaub lig-section. Lub voltage yuav tsum txaus. Kws txawj qhia kom xaiv ib tug cable nrog ib tug kam upwards. Txwv tsis pub, koj yuav fim qhov tseeb hais tias kev sib txuas lus yuav pab tsis tau raws li ntev raws li peb xav. Tom qab kawm tiav ntawm kev tsim kho yuav pib txhim kho lub cua sov system.

Clearance nkag nyob rau hauv lub underground chav nres tsheb

Underground tsev, cov duab uas yog nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, feem ntau muaj ntau thiab underground chaw nres tsheb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mus rau kos qhov tseeb nkag. Dhau ntxhab thiab luv luv yuav ua rau tsis xis nyob. Nyob rau hauv zoo huab cua, lub complexity yuav zoo li pom, tab sis thaum lub sij hawm lub caij los nag nrog neeg ua hauj lwm nkag koj yuav tsis tau lis. Plus, hauv qab yuav ntws ib tug ntau ntawm cov dej.

Lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub chav 140 rau 150 °. Yog hais tias cov nqi no yog tsawg dua, tej zaum koj yuav raug teeb meem thaum lub sij hawm txias rau lub caij. Nrog ua tob ntawm lub nkas-las nkag ntev yuav tsum tau ua ntau. Lub trajectory ntawm sij hawm tuaj txog yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv nyias muaj nyias ib aav. Tus thawj ntawm cov - yuav pib, nws kav ntev npaum yog feem ntau 3 m nqes hav nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no yuav tsum tau sib npaug zos rau 120 ° C .. Qhov thib ob cheeb tsam yuav siv sij hawm ib nrab qhov ntev, lub kaum sab xis mas nws txawv ntawm 150 °. Qhov thib peb cheeb tsam yog hu ua tus liab thiab yog nyob ncaj qha nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub rooj vag lawv tus kheej. Nws ntev yog feem ntau 1.2 m.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb saib mus rau nws hais tias nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov chaw no yog tsis heev ntse sib txawv.

Pom zoo rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm nkag

Thaum arrangement ntawm nkag ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau siv, uas yuav muaj ib tug uas tsis yog-ris hauv qab cov nyhuv. Ib txhia craftsmen ua braking notches los pab thaum lub sij hawm cov nab kuab thiab los nag. Nyob ib ncig ntawm cov phab ntsa nteg footpath nrog tuav. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau kev ruaj ntseg zoo nqis los rau hauv thiab nce rov qab.

Txij li thaum lub rooj vag yog teem cua daj cua dub dej, nruab lattice. Nws yog zoo dua los pab lub caij cua kub uas yuav tiv thaiv tau cov dej khov. Nyob rau txhua sab ntawm lub qhov rooj ntsia ceev phab ntsa, qhov no yuav cais lub cev qhuav dej ntawm cov av.

Tsev nkag txoj kev mus rau lub underground chav nres tsheb

Tsim kom muaj txoj kev yuav tsum muaj xws li backfilling cov av, uas yuav tiv thaiv failures. Txoj kev yog them nrog gravel, uas yog zoo compacted. Lub thickness ntawm no txheej tej zaum yuav txawv los ntawm 10 mus rau 15 cm. Cov cab kuj txheej uas yog qhov tseem ceeb, yog manufactured los ntawm 15-cm txheej ntawm qhob.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tseeb tias thaum lub sij hawm qhuav ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv nws kom tsis txhob ua insolated. Yog hais tias cov huab cua yog ib yam nkaus thiab kub, ces tus nto tsuag nrog dej. Thaum lub pob zeb yog qhuav, lub txheej yuav tsum tau teem caij. Raws li nws tej zaum ua raws li cov asphalt paving vuas los yog lwm yam ntaub ntawv.

installation ntawm cua

Cua rau lub underground chav nres tsheb thiab lub tsev uas yuav tsum tau. Tus thawj txoj kev yuav cov installation ntawm ib tug monoblock los ua ke. Qhov no system yuav rub lub tso huab cua thiab lub inflow ntawm tshiab huab cua. Monoblock muab cua li zoo raws li nws cov zoo nyob rau hauv dej yooj yim installation.

Tab sis yog hais tias koj ntshai ntawm nws cov high nqi, nws yog tsim nyog los siv lub ob txoj kev, uas yuav lub installation ntawm ib tug modular system. Tus tsim muaj ob tug cais blocks, ib tug ntawm cov uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau cov inflow, thaum lub lwm yam - rau outflow ntawm huab cua. Lub system muaj tshwj xeeb sensors thiab muab tsis siv neeg hloov zov me nyuam.

xaus

Raws li ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb paub tab nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm underground garages cov tsev thiab cov protrudes waterproofing. Nws yog tau siv cov kua system thiab tsim ntawm lub taub lim ntaub qhwv to.

Nws yog tsis tsim nyog ntseeg hais tias qhov teeb meem no yuav daws tau los ntawm kev siv ntawm cov kua waterproofing, uas yog tsuas yog siv rau hauv tsev. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov no mus kom ze yog tsis zoo. Kua waterproofing yuav siv tau raws li ib qho kev pab.