Nceb. Tus liab Phau Ntawv Russia

Nceb yog tseem ceeb heev rau lub ecosystem. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub ncig ntawm tshuaj, decomposing seem ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu, fungi yog ib tug tseem ceeb as thiab symbiotic kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Basidiomycetes.

Nceb liab Phau Ntawv. Txheej txheem cej luam

Kom txog rau thaum nyuam qhuav, lub microflora twb tsis zoo to taub, fungi uas txuas mus rau ib tug me me nqi, thiab nruj accounting ntaub ntawv twb tsis khaws cia. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus tus paub tias nws lom faib tawm, thiab lwm yam nceb yog: siav, uas tsis yog-siav, lom, lam, hav zoov kab thiab cov qoob loo thiab lwm tus neeg.

Tsis tshua muaj nceb liab phau ntawv tshuaj xyuas nyob rau hauv "Nroj tsuag". Nws muaj 17 hom ntawm fungi.

Grifola frondosa (pwm-ram tinder foliose) sparassis crispa (Mushroom zaub qhwv), mutinus ravenelii, Cortinarius violaceus, Rogatik pistillate (Rogatik claviform) gyroporus chestnut (kashtanovik los yog chestnut mushroom), Aspen dawb Phallus Duplicatus (Diktiofora ob), porphyrellus lozhnoberezovikovy, mushroom kaus girlish, strobilomyces strobilaceus, tinder branched (Grifola kaus) gyroporus xiavlus (doog ntshav), blackberry staghorn (Gorizia coral) clathrus ruber (liab Klatrus), amanita shishkoobrazny, Mu Tinus aub

Basidiomycetes muaj kev tshwj xeeb lug rau tej hauj lwm ntawm qhov teeb meem - basidia. Raws li yuav pom los ntawm daim ntawv teev, tag nrho cov nceb sau npe nyob rau hauv lub Red Phau Ntawv, xa tsuas mus rau ib chav kawm ntawv - agaricomycetes. Tsuas yog ntau dua fungi nyob hauv daim ntawv.

Hauv qab no nws yog hais ib tug xav paub ntxiv ntawm ib co hom.

Boletus dawb (Leccinum percandidum)

Nws yog hais txog mus rau lub Department of Basidiomycetes, cov chav kawm ntawv agaricomycetes.

Tsis tau no pwm, nkag mus rau hauv lub Red Phau Ntawv, hu ua Osinovik dawb. Zoo ib yam li cov Aspen liab, tab sis muaj ib tug dawb lub kaus mom.

Lub hau yuav mus txog 25 cm inch, dawb ceg, ib tug hauv qab nyeem tas - clavate. Lub tubular txheej yog feem ntau dawb, tej zaum yuav me ntsis yellowish.

Aspen hlob nyob rau hauv mixed ntoo thuv thiab spruce forests.

Nws yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub CIS, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub Murmansk, Moscow thiab Leningrad cheeb tsam ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Nws yog ib heev tsawg - tus txheej xwm ntawm 3R.

Fruiting pib nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub Xya hli ntuj thiab lub yim hli ntuj.

Lub mushroom yog siav nrog cua cev nqaij daim tawv, tiam sis nws yog ib nqi nco ntsoov hais tias cov pwm yog ib tug liab Phau Ntawv, ces nws yuav tsis sau.

Mushroom-kaus hluas nkauj (Macrolepiota puellaris)

Nws yog hais txog mus rau lub Department of Basidiomycetes, cov chav kawm ntawv agaricomycetes.

Qhov no pwm belongs rau tsev neeg champignon, li ntawd, nws yog siav.

Cap nyias whitish, yuav ncav cuag 10 cm nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla. Cov kav yog heev nyias, tab sis siab - txog li 16 cm.

Qhov no pwm hlob ntawm cov npoo ntawm mixed hav zoov thiab ntoo thuv hav zoov nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj-lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj. Yeej, nws yog loj hlob ib tug, tsis tshua - pawg. Nws yuav pom thoob plaws Eurasia. Nws yog ib heev tsawg - tus txheej xwm ntawm 3R.

Mutinus caninus (lat. Mutinus caninus)

Nws yog hais txog mus rau lub department basidiomycota rau hauv chav kawm ntawv agaricomycetes.

Cov pwm muaj ib tug elongated lub cev nrog ib tug me me lub kaus mom. txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev ntev yog 18 cm, lub cheeb 1.5 cm txhais ceg. Thaum lub sij hawm maturation pwm nws lov thiab exposes rau sab saum toj daj ntseg liab taub.

Ib tug tsawg mushroom - raws li txoj cai 3R, hlob nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe thiab North America. Nws yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub coniferous hav zoov, feem ntau nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb daim, tsis tshua nyob ib leeg. Nws nyiam kom loj hlob nyob rau hauv lwj snags, stumps rot, sawdust.

Cov pwm muaj ib tug meej, tsis heev qab ntxiag tsis hnov tsw uas attracts kab. Thaum lub kab los yog yoov gnaw ib feem ntawm lub pwm - Gleb, nws pib mus rau decompose sai heev, tsis pub dhau 3-4 hnub ntawm Mutinusa tsis muaj dab tsi nyob.

Lub mushroom yog siav, tab sis tsuas yog thaum nws tseem tsis tau siav - nyob rau hauv lub plhaub qe.

Amanita shishkoobrazny (amanita strobiliformis)

Tseem, qhov no pwm yog hu ua "amanita pineal".

Nws yog hais txog mus rau lub department basidiomycota rau hauv chav kawm ntawv agaricomycetes.

Qhov no hom nceb muaj ib tug dawb kaus mom txoj kab uas hla ntawm 18 cm, dawb kav qhov siab ntawm 15-20 cm.

Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub CIS ntau nyob rau hauv Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Estonia, Georgia, nyob rau hauv Russia xwb nyob rau hauv lub Belgorod cheeb tsam. Nws yuav pom nyob rau hauv mixed forests nrog cov ntoo xws li linden, beech, ntoo qhib, txij li thaum Amanita yog lawv symbionts.

Fruiting pib nyob rau hauv Lub yim hli ntuj thiab lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj.

Cov nceb tsis tshua muaj liab Phau Ntawv, vim hais tias heev demanding tej yam kev mob (kub thiab av).

Lom mushroom.

Phallus Duplicatus (Dictiophora duplicata)

Lwm lub npe - Diktiofora ob los yog setkonoska.

Nws yog hais txog mus rau lub department basidiomycota rau hauv chav kawm ntawv agaricomycetes.

Mushroom ib yam dab tsi uas zoo sib xws rau mutinus caninus vim hais tias Nws yog rau tib lub genus - Veselka.

Me me lub taub hau yog tsaus xim av, tsaus ntuj nti grey xim thaum tag nrho ripe. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev yog elongated rau ib lub cheeb ntawm 5 cm thiab nws cov xim txawv nyob ntawm seb lub maturation lub sij hawm.

Nws hlob nyob rau hauv zoo-drained av, nrog lwj ntoo singly, tej zaum nyob rau hauv tej pawg neeg. Setkonosku yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub Moscow cheeb tsam, Belarus thiab qhov chaw ntawm Ukraine.

Diktiofora yog ib tug siav pwm, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau ib lub sij hawm thaum tseem tsis tau sawv los ntawm lub plhaub qe. Nws yuav siv nyob rau hauv pej xeem cov tshuaj rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kab mob.

Raws li yuav pom, nceb liab Phau Ntawv yog tsis tsuas siav, tab sis kuj inedible thiab lom.