Mondragon self-loading phom loj (Mexico): hauj lwm, keeb kwm thiab nthuav tseeb

Thaum pib ntawm lub xeem tiam ntawm cov hnyav txoj kev loj hlob ntawm rab phom mam li nco dheev nkag mus hauv Mexico - twb patented los ntawm lub teb chaws tus thawj self-loading phom loj Mondragon, nws tus yam ntxwv yog tsis inferior mus ntau European hom phom. Kev loj hlob ntawm foundations rho riam phom koom artillery pab tub rog, General Manuel Mondragon. Nws tau mus xyuas cov teb chaws Europe thiab familiarized nrog lub advanced teb chaws no ntawm caj npab, Kuv tuaj mus rau lub xaus hais tias lub teb xav tau kev pab nws tus kheej tsis siv neeg muaj riam phom. Yog li ntawd pib zaj dab neeg ntawm tus naas ej phom loj Mondragon.

Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm peb tes num

Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm peb tes num twb launched nyob rau hauv 1892. Nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm cov kev muaj peev xwm rau formulate ib tug dav tswvyim, thiab twb yog cov 1896 th patented ib tug tshiab kev tsim qauv, uas tau raug lees paub tias nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States, Belgium thiab Fabkis. Tab sis qhov no peb tes num twb tsis nres - Mondragon phom loj txuas ntxiv mus txhim kho.

Lub ntsiab feature ntawm tus tshiab phom tau ua tsis siv neeg, uas yuav ua hauj lwm rau lub zog ntawm hmoov gases. Thaum lub sij hawm no, qhov no technology mas suav hais tias "unprofitable" raws li ua ib tug tiag tiag txhim khu kev qha mechanism yog zoo tsis yooj yim sua. General nyob rau qhov no qhov teeb meem. Thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm peb tes num phom loj tau undergone tseem ceeb cov kev hloov. Ib tug xws li kev hloov no yog lub hom cartridges nrog 6.5 hli x 48 7 x 57 lub hli. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus tsim tawm lub hom phiaj yog lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim koj tus kheej cov mos txwv. Tab sis lub xwb kev taw qhia nyob rau hauv uas ua hauj lwm twb nqa tawm tsis tu ncua, yog los tsim ib tug txhim khu kev qha automatic reloading mechanism.

tsis siv neeg mechanism

Nyob rau hauv cov sij hawm, Mondragon phom loj twb nruab nrog ib tug ncaj txhim khu kev qha mechanism rau automatic recharge, uas ua hauj lwm rau lub zog ntawm hmoov gases. Cov ntsiab keeb ntawm cov roj cav ua raj-casing li uas lub piston thiab xa rov qab caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Lub piston muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb txuas rau kev twb kev txuas mus rau ib tug shutter. Gas yeeb nkab-casing nyob rau hauv lub thoob - lwm feature ntawm cov riam phom. Ua ke nrog nws, nws tau txuas mus rau lub receiver. Nws tau tshwj xeeb tabs uas tau yuav tsum tau mus extract hnab twb qhib lawm thiab txhav tas cov chim. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub sab hauv ntawm lub box muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov - so nyob rau hauv lawv, rotates lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj.

Tam sim ntawd shutter yog ib tug cylindrical neeg nrog protrusions, ua si nraum zoov thiab helical raws, uas yuam nws tig thaum tsiv. Hauv lub rooj vag self-loading phom loj Mondragon muaj ib tug me me channel nyob rau hauv uas yog tus ntau nruas.

Lub rooj vag ncej thiab txhais mechanism

Nyob rau sab ntawm lub receiver muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb txiav-tawm, uas yog yuav tsum tau kom haum raws li lub rooj noj hau nrog kov. Cov kov, nyob rau hauv lem, yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug qev khawm thiab sib txuas lus nrog cov sab hauv stupor. Zog ntawm qhov kov rov qab tshwm sim disengagement ntawm lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab cov roj ntau. Lub "disengaged" thiab rov qab los caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua rau nws yooj yim dua mus manually reload. Shock-hom firing mechanism nyob rau hauv lub tsheb ntawm cov receiver, nyob rau hauv hinged ncej. Tus thawj versions ntawm cov qauv yuav tsuas hluav taws ib txhaj tshuaj, nruab nrog swb zov uas sim lub zog ntawm cov txhais.

Tom qab, Mondragon phom loj ho hloov, ua nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm rau kev siv neeg tua hluav taws. Fuse kuj tau zoo tuaj - nws tau txais ib tug mus, uas muaj bursts ntawm shooting hom. Ua ntej USM nyob khw peev xwm ntawm 10 rounds. Nws twb them nrog kev pab los ntawm clips.

tsis siv neeg txiav txim

Thaum koj nias tus txhais lub rauj tsoo lub firing pin, blasting cap thiab zes gunpowder. Bystroobrazuyuschiesya hmoov gases los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb channel nyob rau hauv lub cev poob rau hauv cov roj yeeb nkab no, thiab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub piston, yuam nws yuav tawm mus rov qab. Thaum lub sij hawm lub zog ntawm piston compresses rov qab caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab raug thawb lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj nyob rau hauv lub rear txoj hauj lwm - yog muab rho tawm thiab ntiab tawm cartridge.

Tom qab txo lub siab ntawm hmoov gases straightened rov qab caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thawb lub piston thiab noj tam sim ntawd lub shutter. Leej twg mus rau pem suab thiab rotating, yuav tsum raug xa mus rau lub chamber ib cartridge thiab txhav tas cov thoob tshau. Tam sim ntawd tom qab ntawd, koj yuav ua tau tom ntej no txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv. Mexican phom loj Mondragon twb kis tau kab mob los ntawm retracting lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj rov qab. Qhov no yuav qhib lub qhov rais rau eject plhaub casings, thiab ces sau rau hauv cov khw nrog kev pab los ntawm clips. Rov qab zog ntawm tus shutter mus rau hauv lub chamber yuav tsum raug xa munition.

Ib co nta ntawm cov phom loj

Lub ntsiab feature ntawm lub phom yog reloading mechanism. Qhov tseeb hais tias nws tsim tso cai rau nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv phau ntawv los yog tsis siv neeg hom. Qhov no ensured lub hauj lwm ntawm riam phom, txawm yog tias tus kab mob roj raj. Nyob rau swb ncej muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb khawm uas disconnects rov qab caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv lub shutter, li no hloov cov phom loj reloading phau ntawv hom.

Lwm feature yog lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug phom loj tuaj qauv, lub npe hu raws li ib tug self-loading phom loj Mondragon M1908 (Switzerland). Qhov no yog hais tias tom qab kawm tiav ntawm kev loj hlob - nyob rau hauv 1893 - tsis muaj ntawm cov teb chaws tsis tau twv kom pib lawm ntawm ib tug tshiab tsis siv neeg ua tsov rog. Nws tsuas yog tom qab ib tug thaum lub ntawv cog lus rau zus tau tej cov thawj 50 phom kos npe Switzerland.

Ua ib tug Swiss phom loj Mondragon M1908

Thaum gunsmiths Switzerland ntsib nrog cov tshiab rho riam phom, uas lawv tau muaj rau kev txhim kho nws. Yuav pib ib tug tshiab cartridge tau tso - 5,2h48 hli, uas yog txawv los ntawm tus txheej txheem mos txwv (6,5h48 hli) zoo tshaj plaws kav sealing thiab muaj cov tshwj xeeb txuas, uas tau muab qhov tseeb txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub pas dej ua ke.

Tom qab ntawd, nrog kev koom tes ntawm lub ob powers pib tsim cartridges rau phom 7,5h55 hli, .30-30 thiab 7x57 hli "Mauser". Cov kev xaiv thawj yog attracted rau lub Swiss tsoom fwv. Phom tib caliber 7x57 hli mekikantsam nyiam - yog li ntawd muaj ob tug variants ntawm cov thawj rho riam phom: phom loj Mondragon arr. Nyob rau hauv 1908, ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Mexico, thiab Mondragon M1908 nyob rau hauv Switzerland.

Lub tom ntej txoj hmoo

Lub ntxiv txoj hmoo ntawm rho riam phom yog tsis muaj kev vam meej. Vim lub high nqi ntawm cov Swiss tsoom fwv yuav tsis siv tag nrho tso cov khoom. Yuav yuav tsis txawj txawm Mexico. Ntxiv thiab, nyob rau hauv 1911 nyob rau hauv lub exporting lub teb chaws (Switzerland) yog ib tug kiv puag ncig, thiab ob peb puas kuaj tau sab laug mus rau sau cov plua tshauv nyob rau hauv ib tug warehouse.

Lub revolutionary tsoom fwv tau npaj kom muaj kev ua tsov rog. Thiab los ntawm thaum pib ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog kuv tau kos npe rau ib daim ntawv cog lus rau cov mov ntawm phom lub teb chaws Yelemees. Ntawm no nws arming pilots. Tom qab, tom qab tseem ceeb kho tau siv ntau tshaj li 1.7 million riam phom. Lub teb chaws uas yuav tsum tau nws tus kheej-loading phom loj M. Mondragon - Mexico, Chile, Peru, Tuam Tshoj thiab Nyiv. Lub tso zis tsis siv neeg phom nres nyob rau hauv 1950. Thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej, cov phom loj muaj sij hawm mus koom nyob rau hauv ob peb lub loj armed teeb meem thiab tau ua ib qho ntawm feem nrov hom riam phom.