Lub ua ke ntawm cov suab nyob rau hauv ib lo lus. Lub ua ke ntawm ntau yam suab

Orthoepy - twv yuav raug hu ib yam ntawm cov feem ntau complex teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Qhov teeb meem yog hais tias txawm haiv neeg hais lus tsis tau yeej ib txwm qhia rau yuav ua li cas hais ib tug lo lus. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, peb intuitively paub no, tab sis tej zaum ib tug ua ke ntawm cov suab nyob rau hauv ib lo lus baffles peb. Puas muaj tej kev cai uas yuav ua tau lub neej yooj yim rau Lavxias teb sab-hais lus txiv neej thiab pab nws kom tsis txhob ua yuam kev txawm nyob rau hauv no? Tiag tiag yeej muaj. Txais tos rau lub ntiaj teb tsaus nti ntawm hma Lavxias teb sab orthoepy.

cim ob peb ua ke

Peb pib nrog niam - lawv tsawg raug tus ntawm lawv cov neeg nyob ze. Lub ua ke ntawm lub niam mas feem ntau yog cov lus hais raws li cov kev cai orthoepy. Lub tsuas caveat - yog hais tias tus pem hauv ntej - xws li, w, i, e - muaj nqis rau lwm tus cim, cov suab, thiaj li mus hais lus, bifurcate: - e - yuav [nej] - th - puv rau hauv [dy] - e - chaw nyob nyob rau hauv lub [yo], tab sis - I - yuav tsum pronounced [ya] - yog li ntawd-hu ua cim Yotov, uas zoo nkaus li no overtone ntawm sonority. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, "Yotov" kuj manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm ib lo lus (piv txwv li, "lub qhov" suab zoo li [yama]), thiab txawm tom qab qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov mos mos thiab nyuaj cim ([vyuga] thiab [padyezd]). Incidentally, txawm yog hais tias tus cim ua ntej lwm cim yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv lwm lo lus (-R OVOR kuv -), Yotov tseem yuav tam sim no.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws txoj hauj lwm rau niam - ib tug poob siab, nws yog nyob rau hauv nws lub suab yog hnov feem ntau kom meej meej.

Ib tug xyaum

Cia peb hniav ib ke ntawm ob niam transcribing ib tug ob peb lo lus: kev ywj siab, hav cuam kawb, ranger, pouring, kev faib tawm, Adagio, cov hluas, kaj Yule, siding, Kua, variance, sij hawm tuaj txog, kev ncaj ncees, lub teb chaws Nyiv, hu nkauj.

Tsiaj ntawv. Tib yam li thaum lub hlws ris ntawm morphemes

Txij li thaum consonants tsis yog li ntawd ib qho yooj yim. Ntawm no, txhua yam yog ib qho tseem ceeb: lub suab ntawm cov neeg nyob ze, ib lub suab txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lo lus (nyob rau hauv nws cov morphemes), thiab ntau lwm yam tseem ceeb.

Cov thawj lo lus nug - tus ua ke ntawm consonants nyob lub hlws ris ntawm morphemes, nyob rau hauv particular, tib lub suab. Tag nrho cov ntawm peb lus zoo li -long, yog vim li cas, qhov kev pab cuam - thiab peb hais lawv kiag li tsis muaj kev xav. Thiab tsis tau muaj tej yam kev cai thiab phonetic cai uas piav txog cov tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd lo lus zoo li - xaws, yog vim li cas, fake - ib tug ua ke ntawm ob peb suab lus hais raws li ib tug, cia li lawm: [shit, raˉsudok, poˉdelka]. Yog, muaj lwm phenomenon - lub assimilation ntawm ib tug tsiaj ntawv mus rau lwm lub, uas yuav tsum tau piav qhia tom qab. Qhov loj tshaj plaws to taub hais tias nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub hauv tib lub suab nyob lub hlws ris ntawm morphemes yog hloov mus rau hauv ib tug.

Thiab yog hais tias lawv muaj nyob rau hauv tib lub morpheme? Thaum lub hauv paus, e.g.

Tab sis li cas txog cov ua ke ntawm lub suab nyob rau hauv ib lo lus uas yog nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus? Nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub Lavxias teb sab lus xws li mob yuav luag yeej tsis tshwm sim - lawv yog yus mas rau cov nyiaj txais lus (gamma txheej txheem). Yog li ntawd, xws li ib tug ua ke yog tseem hais li ib tug lub suab, tab sis tsis rau ntev thiab luv luv. Nyob rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov nyiaj txais lus, cov kev hloov no yog pom mus rau tus liab qab qhov muag: tus nres (los nres) txoj kev hauv tsev (los ntawm lub txoj kev hauv tsev).

Cov tib suab nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntawm lub hlws ris ntawm morphemes ua ib tug ntev, yog hais tias lawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib morpheme, cov hauv paus hniav, piv txwv li, qhov no ntev yog tsis pom. Ib qho tseem ceeb daim ntawv: nyob rau hauv phonetic transcription yeej tsis sau ob tug zoo tib suab nyob ze, Yog hais tias koj xav qhia tias lub suab yuav ntev dua nws muab tso rau ib txoj kab - ib tug tshwj xeeb phonetic kos npe rau.

Thiab dab tsi yog qhov assimilation

Cov nram qab no tshwm sim nrog rau lub tswvyim ntawm ib tug ua ke ntawm cov suab nyob rau hauv kev hais lus - assimilation. Assimilation - yog likening lub hais ib lub suab mus rau lwm lub, muaj ntau ntau hom ntawm no phenomenon yog txiav txim nyob ntawm tej yam rau txhua tus lwm yam suab. Cia peb xav txog txhua ntawm lawv.

Assimilation ntawm voicing / voicelessness

Assimilation ntawm voicing thiab voicelessness tshwm nyob lub hlws ris ntawm lub voiced thiab unvoiced tsiaj ntawv, feem - Lavxias teb sab lus txawv teb chaws rau no thaum lawv tseem, ces tus thawj suab yog los ntawm tus thib ob stun los yog ozvonchayayas. Ncav nws yog hu ua ib tug regressive assimilation.

Cov kev hloov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov nram no mob:

1. Thaum lub hlws ris ntawm morphemes: probeShka - hu -zh- pawg neeg lag ntseg -k- kuj yuav lag ntseg
2. Thaum lub hlws ris ntawm prepositions thiab cov lus: Lauj kaub daus - voiced -d- pawg -C- lag ntseg, deafened
3. Thaum lub hlws ris ntawm cov lo lus thiab hais: Tau txais ib yam dab tsi - dua stunning vim yog tej yam lag ntseg -m-
4. Nyob rau hauv znamentalnyh (lo lus muaj lexical autonomy - nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, etc.) lo lus uas yog cov lus hais tsis muaj ib tug mas nruab nrab ntawm lawv: pob zeb tshis - hu -r- xav tsis thoob thaum nyob rau hauv tus ntawm neighboring lag ntseg -k-.

Raws li yuav pom los ntawm cov piv txwv, stunning yog ntau npaum li cas ntau tshaj voicing. Txawm li cas los, qhov no txoj cai no tsis siv rau cov sonorous suab ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab lus (sib - raws li cov kev cai yuav tau hais [Drend], tab sis vim hais tias ntawm lub peculiarities ntawm Lavxias teb sab orthoepy thawj tsiaj ntawv tsis yog yuav hloov) thiab consonants ua ntej overtones -y- tshwm nyob rau hauv Yotov ntawv niam: [oTYezd], txawm hais tias lo lus ntawd yuav muaj suab zoo li [oDYezd].

Assimilation ntawm softness

Mus rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm assimilation - ntawm softness. Nws kuj yog ib tug regressive - uas yog, thawj suab yog kev kawm mus rau tus tom. Qhov kev hloov no yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw ua ntej:

1. Cim [e] - m'El - cwj mem av dawb; [Thiab] - p'Il - haus
2. Mos consonants: nyob rau hauv ib lo lus (kaZ'n '); nyob lub hlws ris ntawm morphemes (S'm'ena).

suspiciously yooj yim

Tab sis qhov no txoj cai, muaj ib co kev zam. Lub ua ke ntawm cov suab nyob rau hauv ib lo lus yog tsis raug rau assimilation:

1. Thaum lub hlws ris cov lus (uas l'es) - zoo ib yam li lub assimilation ntawm voicing / voicelessness yuav tsum muaj tshwm sim mitigation, tab sis qhov teeb meem no yog tsis muaj exception.
2. Labial tsiaj ntawv - b, n, ib tug, p - pem hauv ntej hniav - d, t, g, k, x - (PT'enchik, VZ'at)
3. - F, w, n - yog tsis muag, Ntxiv, tsis txhob tshwm sim mos consonants nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lawv. Lub tsuas kos rau txoj cai no - [l / l '] kawg-koL'tso.

Yog li, hais tias assimilation yog li ntawd nruj me ntsis raws cov kev cai tswj nws, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau softness. Muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm nuances, peb tsis nco qab hais tias nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub tsis yooj yim sua.

Assimilation ntawm hardness

Tus tom ntej hom cuam - assimilation nyob rau hauv hardness. Nws pom tsuas yog ntawm lub hauv paus thiab lub suffix: slesaR'-locksmithing - uas yog ib tug tom qab uas pib nrog ib tug ruaj tsiaj ntawv muaj feem xyuam rau lub yav dhau los lub suab. Thiab dua muaj kev zam: assimilation yuav tsis tshwm sim ua ntej - b - (proZ'Ba), raws li zoo raws li txoj cai tsis mloog [L '] (poL'e - zapoL'Ny).

Assimilation rau hissing

Cov nab npawb ntawm cov suab nyob rau hauv ib lo lus muaj feem xyuam rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm assimilation - whistling - s nrog - ua ntej hissing - w, h, f -. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus thawj suab merges nrog tus thib ob, kiag li nws: xaws - shit, nrog cua sov - ˉZharom. Cov tib txoj cai siv rau - d, t - ua ntej - h, i -: oˉChot. Raws li qhov no zoo ntawm assimilation thiab thaum lawv tseem - lj - thiab - zzh - ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov lo lus (- tom qab - poˉzhe). Yog li, vim hais tias ntawm no hom ntawm assimilation ntawm cov suab nyob rau hauv lo lus ib tug tsawg dua cov tsiaj ntawv.

unpronounceable consonants

Tsis muaj leej twg muaj peev xwm tshem cov kev tshwm sim ntawm unpronounceable consonants. Ntawm no thiab muaj ib co suab tsis yog hais - koj yuav hais tias lawv poob. Qhov no tshwm sim qha zoo heev ua ke nrog ntawm lub suab nyob rau hauv ib lo lus - STN, zdn, tus kab mob TB, NTM, NCTA, CSA, ACC, lnts - xws li Honest, lig, koj lub hnub. Nws yog txuam nrog tej teeb meem: ib txhia yog ua los ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm thiaj li hu ua phonetic cov tsiaj ntawv (raws li kuv hnov - raws li kuv sau), li ntawd, yog hais tias tus tsiaj ntawv yog tsis hais, thiab nws yuav nyob rau hauv cov lus yuav tsum tsis txhob. Tu siab, qhov no tsis yog cov ntaub. Yog li ntawd nco ntsoov los xaiv tus tib paus lo lus, mus xyuas saib yog hais tias poob rau hauv qhov teeb meem no tej suab: ncaj ncees - yawm lig - lig dhau lawm - feem ntau yog nrhiav tej lo lus, qhov twg tom qab ib tug tsiaj ntawv los yog ib tug cim yog sonorous, uas yuav suab feem ntau kom meej meej tshwm sim.

Tsis raws nraim ua ke nrog, tab sis me ntsis txog cov stunning

Ntxiv cov ntsiab lus ntawm stunning consonants, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov suab yuav ua qhov muag tsis pom mus rau thaum xaus ntawm ib lo lus tsis hais txog ntawm lub ntej cim los yog tsiaj ntawv. Peb hais tias vices es tsis txhob ntawm tus Harbor thiab rauj ua ke tub ntxhais hluas. Xws li ib tug tshwm sim ua mus rau lub tsos ntawm thiaj li hu ua homophones - lus uas spelled txawv tab sis cov lus hais tib yam li cov tib rauj (raws li ib lub cuab tam) thiab cov hluas (raws li ib tug nyuag chaw). Spelling ntawm lub tsiaj ntawv nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm cov lus yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam.

Thiab ib tug me ntsis ntawm keeb kwm

Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab, thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem yog nrov sonorants assimilation, uas yog, piv txwv li, pom zoo - p - lo lus yog tsis hais nrees pab tub rog raws li cov lus peb, cov niaj hnub haiv neeg hais lus, thiab maj mam muab ar'm'iya. Tam sim no, qhov no tshwm sim yog xyaum tsis cai.

Repetition - leej niam ntawm ...

Muab tag nrho cov saum toj no, koj yuav siv tau lub tswv yim lus transcribed hauv qab no:

vaj, tis, tsis muaj, Kua, foreboding tsev fuabtais, droid, savanna, ib tug kev vam meej, ib tug ua zaim muag, hlawv, tsab ntawv ceeb toom, ntawv xov xwm, sau tawm, tsis ua hauj lwm, kev lom zem, nyom, lub hwj chim, pouring, xiab, nkag code, Kiev, ib lub xyoo.

Nyob rau hauv xaus

Lo lus, lub suab, lub suab - li ntawd, koj muaj peev xwm xav txog tej yam pronouncing lub hierarchy ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus. Thiab hais tias txhua yam nyob rau hauv nws yog ib qho yooj yim, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub. Nyob rau ib tug ua ke ntawm tej yam yooj yim piv txwv ntawm consonants peb tau pom, nws tsis yog ib txwm kom raug hais lo lus lacks qhov. Cia peb tsawg sim mus hais lus kom zoo khaws cia rau txoj kev zoo nkauj thiab richness ntawm peb cov lus. Nws yog heev yooj yim.