Lub transistor - lub hauv paus ntawm semiconductor technology

Transistor - ib tug tswv cuab rau amplification, tiam, thiab kuj rau converting hluav taws xob oscillations. Transistors yog ob hom: bipolar thiab teb.

Bipolar transistor - ib tug semiconductor ntaus ntawv uas muaj ob pn junctions. Elemental transistor lub tsev nyob rau ib lub germanium siv lead ua, nws muaj ob tug prongs: ib tug emitter thiab ib tug collector, uas muaj feem rau tus siv lead ua nto, tu los ntawm ib leeg los ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 20-50 microns. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, ib tug walkway txuas lub emitter rau lub hauv paus (nws yog hu ua tus emitter hlws ris), thiab lub thib ob - tus collector nrog rau lub hauv paus (nws yog hu ua tus collector hlws ris). Bipolar transistors raug muab faib mus rau hauv ob hom: pnp thiab npn.

Lub teb nyhuv transistor - ib tug semiconductor ntaus ntawv, uas yog tswj los ntawm variation ntawm lub teb, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau bipolar hais, qhov twg cov qhov tso zis tam sim no yog txiav txim los hloov cov tswv yim tam sim no. Teb pab kiag li lawm yog odnozatvornymi thiab mnogozatvornymi.

Schematic daim duab ntawm lub transistor yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab hauv qab no. Scheme bipolar caij yog ib tug luv luv-line hauv paus, nws nruab nrab yog cov puag, nyob rau hauv uas nyob rau 60 ⁰ thiab 120 ⁰ muaj xws li ob kab pheeb ces kaum kab, ib tug kab nrog ib tug xub - yog ib tug emitter, lub thib ob - tus collector. kev taw qhia ntawm cov xub qhia lub hom kws. Xub taw tes rau tus database - qhov no transistor pnp hom paus - npn. Perpendicular mus rau hauv lub hauv paus kab - ib lub hauv paus electrode. Tus nqi ntawm qhov hluav taws xob conductivity ntawm lub emitter yuav tsum paub ua kom zoo cuag cov transistor rau lub hwj huam mov. Ntsuas pnp ntaus cov collector thiab puag yog tsim nyog los muab ib tug tsis zoo voltage transistor thiab npn hom - zoo. FETs nyob rau hauv lub kos duab yog qhia raws li nram no: lub rooj vag ua ib tug khiav ceev zaub, thaum uas tig mus channel cim, lub conductivity ntawm lub channel sawv cev los ntawm tus xib xub muab tso rau ntawm lub hauv paus thiab ntws. Yog hais tias lub xub ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov channel, nws txhais tau tias lub caij belongs rau n-hom, thiab yog hais tias nyob rau hauv kev coj rov qab, ces tus p-hom. Duab ntawm ib daim teb nyhuv transistor nrog ib tug channel induction txawv nyob rau hauv peb luv luv strokes. Yog hais tias lub teb ntaus ntawv muaj ob peb lub rooj vag, lawv luv luv dashes qhia, thawj lub rooj vag kab yog yeej ib txwm muab tso nyob rau hauv lub extension ntawm qhov kab.

Nyob rau hauv xaus, peb ntxiv hais tias ntawm lub transistors tsis sai li sai tau daig lub npe, muas thaum chiv thawj hu ua lawv semiconductor triodes (zoo xws li cov raj technology). Yog li ntawd hais tias cov transistor - ib tug transistor, uas yog ib tug controllable caij, nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv switching thiab amplifying circuits. Qhov uas tsis muaj kev siv, kev cia siab, me me qhov ntev thiab nqi - cov no yog cov ntsiab zoo ntawm cov pab kiag li lawm, vim uas transistors yuav dislodge los ntawm cov ntau ceg ntawm cov kos duab lub tshuab nqus tsev hlab. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm semiconductor pab kiag li lawm yog tus tsis muaj kub cathode, uas kov tseem ceeb lub hwj chim, raws li zoo raws li nqa lub sij hawm kom sov li. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov transistor yog npaum li cas tsawg tshaj li tus hluav taws xob teeb thiab yog muaj peev xwm mus ua hauj lwm nyob ib sab voltage. Tag nrho cov no tau tso cai rau txo tau qhov luaj li cas ntawm hluav taws xob.