Lub pas nrig ntawm Dionysus wreathed nrog cov hmab ntawd thiab hmab nplooj (yees duab)

Yog hais tias koj xav seb ancient Hellas, qhov ntau dua peb yeej paub txog nws tus vaj tswv thiab heroes. Txawm li cas los, nws yuav tsum tau kev nyaub siab hais tias lawv tsis tshwm sim mam li nco dheev, tsis muaj nyob rau tib lub sij hawm. Thiab kev ntseeg hais tias gods nyob rau hauv Mount Olympus tsawg - qhov no yog ib tug heev ancient lub tswv yim hais tias cov Greeks es sai sai kov yeej thiab nyob ruaj lawv gods nyob rau hauv dizzying heights.

Ib qho ntawm feem ancient gods yog Dionysus. Nws cult muaj feem xyuam rau lub cult ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj nti thiab mysterious Hecate. Nws pib Greek kev ntseeg, ib yam li tag nrho cov archaic religions, nrog shamanic initiations, uas cov poj niam uas muaj nyob rau hauv lawv txhais tes rau hauv lub pas nrig ntawm Dionysus. Cov no yog cov quaj ntawm lub gods ntawm fertility thiab hmoov zoo. Cov no yog orgiastic cults - nyob deb nroog Dionysian festivals. Ancient enchants cov unpredictable tib neeg qhov. Lawv adorn lawv tus kheej nrog wreaths ntawm txiv hmab nplooj, thiab lub pas nrig ntawm Dionysus pab relying on nws tau tsiv mus nyob sai sai los ntawm cov roob thiab toj thiab lub nras.

Cov tsos ntawm Dionysus

Nws tragic phenomenon ntawm lub ntiaj teb no: nws tau yug los peb lub sij hawm. Nws yog xeeb los ntawm Zeus los ntawm cov zoo nkauj hauv ntiaj teb no poj niam Semele, tus ntxhais ntawm lub Theban huab tais Cadmus. Zeus swore Semele unbreakable cog ua raws li nws txhua txhua daim ntawv thov. Thiab lo qhia cuajkhaum Hera, xav tua Semele thiab nws tus me nyuam, hais tias: "Yog hais tias Zeus hlub koj raws li hais tias, cia yuav tuaj rau koj nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov grandeur." Zeus yuav tsis tsis kam, thiab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov hwjchim ci ntsa iab. xob ntaus tuav lub palace, los ntawm txoj kev kaj lug xob hluav taws tsoo tawm nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm Zeus. Semele tuag, tab sis yug tau ib tug muaj zog me nyuam tub. Nws yuav tsum tau tuag nyob rau hauv ib tug tua hluav taws. Tab sis instantly nyob ib ncig ntawm tus me nyuam loj hlob thickets ntawm lush ntsuab hmab, kaw los ntawm qhov hluav taws kub thiab cawm nws ntawm txoj kev tuag.

Zeus xaws li tus tub hluas nyob rau hauv nws ncej puab nyob rau hauv nws, nws loj hlob tuaj thiab tau yug ib tug thib ob lub sij hawm. Zeus muab nws niam qhuav txiv qhuav muam ntawm Semele thiab nws tus txiv Athamas. Hera xa rau Athamas kev chim, thiab nws tua nws tus tub thiab yog hais txog mus tua Dionysus. Tab sis Zeus tsis pub nws. Hermes Dionysus raug kev txom nyem txoj kev kawm ntawv nymphs.

Yog li ntawd Dionysus dim txoj kev tuag peb lub sij hawm. Thiab tsa ib tug zoo nkauj vajtswv, ib txwm zoo nkauj thiab cov tub ntxhais, qhia tib neeg yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob cov txiv hmab thiab ua cawv txiv hmab los ntawm nws. Nws muab cov neeg lub dag lub zog, kev xyiv fab thiab fertility. Lub pas nrig ntawm Dionysus ua nws cov cim. Thiab tag nrho cov poj niam uas tau koom tes nyob rau hauv lub Dionysia, nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm cov hmab-them pas nrig ntawm Dionysus.

Dionysian mysteries

Nyob rau hauv lub txias rau lub caij - lig lub caij nplooj zeeg los yog txawm lub caij ntuj no, mloog lus Greek cov poj niam ntuav lawv cov tsev thiab tsev neeg. Lawv pib sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv txoj kev thiab squares, mus haus dej haus undiluted wine, seev cev rau zoo music, swaying maj mam thaum xub thawj, ces ceev thiab sai. Txhua nqa ib tug wand ntawm Dionysus. Thaum lub sij hawm no, nws tsis tau twv rau txoj kev ib tug txiv neej: nws yog ib tug tshwj xeeb cov khawv koob pe hawm Dionysus, rau ib tug tshaj sau, los tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kev tshaib kev nqhis, kab mob thiab kev tuag. Yuav pib nrog, seev cev wildly thiab luag, lawv feasted thiab ua txhaum tag nrho cov conceivable taboos: haus muaj zog undiluted wine (nws yuav tsum qhia rau lawv qhov tseeb, muab txoj kev mus rau lwm cov worlds), khoom noj khoom haus tawg khiav ri niab haphazardly. Lawv muab piv ib yam lawv tus kheej mus rau lub gods uas tsis muaj kev cai lij choj yog sau, thiab tag nrho cov ntawm lawv ua tau.

Qhov twg yog cov Mysteries

Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti tracts, nyob rau hauv lub toj ze ntawm lub hiav txwv. Dionysus yog tus vaj tswv ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj nti, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau cov ntshiab harmonious Phoebe, uas tag nrho cov meej, tshav ntuj, tig xam. Thiab lub cult ntawm Dionysus yog Ameslikas predominated, raws li cov vaj caw, wine, kev lom zem, ecstatic dancing thiab mystical ecstasy. Muaj collective delight thiab haib heev hallucinations. Qhov no yuav qhia cov terrifying lus dab neeg. Pentefey huab tais tsis paub txog tus vaj tswv Dionysus. Tab sis hais tias yog rau tus vaj ntxwv disguised raws li ib tug wanderer thiab siab phem heev tso dag tshaj tus huab tais: tus huab tais Dionysus thim rau lub sib daj sib deev, uas yuav tuaj tsis tau rau tag nrho cov rau cov txiv neej. Bacchantes nyob rau hauv hallucinations coj Pentifeya rau tsov ntxhuav. Lawv rhuav nws sib nrug, thiab ib leej niam seb puas tsimnyog tau nws tus tub lub taub hau nyob rau hauv lub pas nrig, thiab solemnly yog tus palace. Thiab ces nws pib mus saib nws niam.

Lub retinue ntawm Dionysus

Thoob plaws tim Nkij teb chaws, nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov Islands tuaj thiab koom mus rau cov hluas Dionysus, hnav ib lub crown ntawm txiv hmab boycott. Nyob ib ncig ntawm nws tig nyob rau hauv lub hu nkauj thiab seev cev nrog qw ntawm kev xyiv fab thiab maenads bacchantes, dhia qaug dej qaug cawv satire nrog tshis ob txhais ceg. Qab tag nrho cov uas tau tsav los ntawm ib tug nees luav xav tipsy Silenus - nws yuav tsis txav mus lawm. Ntawm ib sab nws lub wineskin. Kev lom zem taug kev raws li qhov lub ntiaj teb vaj tswv. Nws yog mloog cov suab paj nruag los ntawm cov ntsuab nram hav thiab lawns, nyob rau hauv lub roob thiab pem hav zoov nyob rau hauv lub nyuaj ntawm cov txiv ntseej, uas muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tag nrho cov kev xyiv fab ntawm tag nrho lub neej nyob rau hauv nws lub hwj chim.

Lub pas nrig ntawm Dionysus wreathed nrog cov hmab ntawd thiab hmab nplooj, nws txiav ntaqwm yuav ua li cas nws tau txais kev cawmdim los ntawm cov nplaim taws, thiab yuav ua li cas qhia tib neeg kom winemaking.