Lub heaviest roj. Cov neeg ntawm ntxhiab pa radon: zog, yam ntxwv, ib nrab-lub neej

Gas - ib qho ntawm lub xeev ntawm aggregation ntawm lub substance. Lub gases tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, tsis tsuas yog nyob rau lub ntiaj teb, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Lawv yog txuam nrog yooj yim, weightlessness volatility. Qhov yooj yim yog hydrogen. Thiab dab tsi yog qhov heaviest roj? Cia peb kawm saib nws.

Lub heaviest gases

Lo lus "roj" los ntawm Greek lo lus "chaos." Nws hais yog mobile thiab dim de kev cob cog rua nrog txhua lwm yam. Lawv tsiv mus nyob across, sau tag nrho cov muaj nyob rau qhov chaw. Cov pa roj yuav ua tau ib tug yooj yim lub caij thiab muaj atoms ntawm ib tug tshuaj thiab tej zaum yuav ib tug compound ntawm ob peb.

Qhov yooj yim hnyav roj (ntawm chav tsev kub) yog saib puas muaj radon, nws hniav puas loj 222 g / mol. Nws yog tej thiab yog kiag li tsis muaj kob. Tom qab nws yog suav tias yog qhov loj tshaj plaws xenon, ib tug atomic loj ntawm 131 g / mol. Qhov seem hnyav gases yog tebchaw.

Ntawm cov inorganic tebchaw ntawm lub heaviest roj ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 20 ^{° C} yog tungsten fluoride (VI). Nws hniav puas loj yog 297,84 g / tus nas, thiab cov kev ceev - 12,9 g / l. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, nws yog ib tug tsis muaj kob roj, haus luam yeeb, thiab nws yog xim xiav nyob rau hauv noo cua. Tungsten hexafluoride yog heev kom nquag plias, nws yog yooj yim hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv cov kua thaum txias.

saib puas muaj radon

Qhib ntawm roj tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev kawm lub sij hawm rau txoj kev tshawb no ntawm radioactivity. Thaum lub sij hawm lub disintegration ntawm ib co hais, zaum tau pheej taw tes qhia tawm ib co tshuaj tawm txim liab nrog lwm tus. Rutherford hu ua nws emanation.

Yog li ntawd nws tau raug nrhiav tau lub thorium emanation - Thoron, radium - saib puas muaj radon, actinium - actinon. Tom qab ntawd nws twb pom hais tias tag nrho cov emanations yog isotopes ntawm tib lub caij - ib tug inert roj. Robert Grey thiab Uilyam Ramzay thawj cais nws nyob rau hauv nws cov ntshiab daim ntawv thiab ua ntsuas ntawm nws cov khoom.

Thaum periodic rooj saib puas muaj radon yog ib tug keeb ntawm lub 18th pab pawg neeg ntawm atomic tooj 86. Nws yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm Fabkis thiab astatine. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, lub tshuaj yog ib cov roj, muaj tsis muaj saj, tsw thiab xim.

Roj 7.5 lub sij hawm denser dua cov pa. Nws yaj nyob rau hauv dej yog zoo dua rau lwm noble gases. Cov kuab tshuaj, qhov no daim duab ntxiv tsub kom. Ntawm tag nrho cov uas tsis tshua muaj gases Nws yog lub feem ntau active, yooj yim sib txuas lus nrog fluorine thiab oxygen.

Cov neeg ntawm ntxhiab pa radon

Ib tug ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub caij - cov radioactivity. Lub caij muaj isotopes peb caug plaub so - dag. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog cov tsis ruaj tsis khov thiab nws tej lwj. Lub ib nrab-lub neej ntawm saib puas muaj radon, precisely ntau, nws feem ntau ruaj khov isotope, yog 3.8 hnub.

Vim hais tias ntawm cov mas tej roj muaj fluorescence. Lub gaseous thiab kua tshuaj yog tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv xiav. Cov khoom saib puas muaj radon hloov nws palette ntawm daj rau liab thaum txias mus rau nitrogen kub - txog -160 ° ^C.

Radon yuav ua tau heev tshuaj lom rau cov txiv neej. hnyav uas tsis yog-volatile cov khoom xws li polonium, hmoov txhuas, Bismuth uas ua los ntawm nws cov disintegration. Lawv heev tsis zoo tas. Hauv thiab noog cov tshuaj lom rau hauv lub cev. Tom qab kev haus luam yeeb, ntxhiab yog tus thib ob feem ntau ua mob cancer.

Lub chaw thiab siv cov saib puas muaj radon

Lub heaviest roj yog ib tug ntawm cov uas tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb hais cortex. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, saib puas muaj radon yog ib feem ntawm ores muaj uranium-238, thorium-232, uranium-235. Thaum lawv lwj nws yog tso tawm, ntog mus rau hauv lub cua thiab hydrosphere ntawm lub ntiaj teb.

Radon accumulates nyob rau hauv tus dej thiab cov hiav txwv dej, nroj tsuag thiab cov av nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv cov cua, nws cov ntsiab lus tsub kom raws li av qeeg thiab volcanic kev ua si, cov extraction ntawm lub phosphates thiab geothermal fais fab nroj tsuag.

Nrog kev pab los ntawm no gas yog tectonic faults, deposits ntawm thorium thiab uranium. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv ua liaj ua teb mus qhib pub cov tsiaj. Radon yog siv nyob rau hauv metallurgy, txoj kev tshawb ntawm av hydrology, tshuaj nrov saib puas muaj radon da.