Kev sib piv ntawm adjectives nyob rau hauv lus Askiv

Cov kev cai hloov English adjectives tsis nyuaj heev kom to taub, tab sis lawv muaj ntau ntau yam uas ua rau ib co teeb meem. Lub fact tias ib txhia lus tsis raug mus rau lub kev cai, raws li yog lub kos. Wb sib tham txog tag nrho cov tau lug ntawm cov comparative degree ntawm lub chaw nyob rau hauv lus Askiv.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub comparative degree ntawm lub chaw?

Tej chaw muaj peb degrees: zoo, comparative thiab superlative. Tus thawj degree - nws yog ib lo lus nyob rau hauv nws cov thawj daim ntawv no, thaum lub lwm yam ob yog nws cov hloov versions. Lawv tsim los ntawm kev siv ob ntsiab cai: analytical thiab hluavtaws. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj ntxiv lus, nyob rau hauv lub thib ob, tag nrho cov kev hloov tshwm sim los ntawm qhov sib ntxiv ntawm tshwj xeeb lus. Muaj kuj yog tej lus uas yuav muab piv siv ob qho tib si txoj kev.

Cov khoom cua daim ntawv

Ib tug yooj yim sib piv degree ntawm adjectives siv mas rau monosyllabic lus thiab tsis feem ntau ua rau cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawv. Hloov yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw los ntawm txoj kev ob hom lus: «er» - rau comparative degree thiab «yog» - rau yav tom ntej. Piv txwv li:

• ceev (nyias) - sai (thinner) - ceev tshaj plaws (cov thinnest).

Siv comparative ceev, nws yog tsim nyog them sai sai mus rau tej cov ntsiab lus ntawm spelling. Yog hais tias ib tug monosyllabic lo lus xaus nyob rau hauv ib tug tsiaj ntawv preceded los ntawm ib tug luv luv cim, ces nyob rau hauv kev sib piv mus rau lub xeem tsab ntawv, tsiaj ntawv tsab ntawv yog ob npaug:

• nyias (nyias) - thinner (thinner) - thinnest (lub thinnest).

Ib tug yooj yim sib piv degree ntawm adjectives yog lwm nuance rau cov lus xaus nyob rau hauv ib tug ntsiag to tsab ntawv "e". Nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv no qhov sib ntxiv ntawm tshwj xeeb lus disappears vim hais tias ob qho tag nrho cov suffix pib nrog tsab ntawv "e", thiab doubling nws ua rau tsis muaj kev txiav txim zoo:

• loj loj (loj loj) - huger (ib tug lossis loj) - hugest (heev loj loj).

Lo lus xaus nyob rau hauv "y"

Txawm tias hluavtaws comparative chaw yog siv feem ntau rau ib-lub suab lus, nws muaj peev xwm tseem ua hauj lwm nrog cov hom ntawm ob-lub suab lus, xws li xaus nyob rau hauv ib tug cim "u".

Yog hais tias cov lus no yog preceded los ntawm ib tug cim tsiaj ntawv, cov txheej txheem ntawm muab piv rau cov tsab ntawv "y" yog hloov mus rau "i", tab sis feem ntau nws hais ib yam:

• tibneeg hu tauj coob (tibneeg hu tauj coob) - busier (busier) - busiest (lub busiest).

Nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob qhov twg ua ntej lub "y" yog tsim nyog tej cim rau hauv tsab ntawv "y" yog tsis tau hloov.

analytical daim ntawv

Composite comparative degree ntawm adjectives siv rau feem ntau ntawm disyllabic thiab polysyllabic lus, raws li ntev lus , thiab thiaj li tsis yooj yim rau hais, thiab ntxiv mus rau lawv ib co lus tsis yog yooj yim, dua li lus Askiv yog heev capacious thiab yeej ib txwm sib zog rau compactness thiab kev txo. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, kev sib piv plaub ntxiv lus: ntau tshaj, feem ntau, thiab tsawg tsawg. Lawv muab tso rau ua ntej lub chaw:

• uas muaj ntxhiab (qab) - ntau uas muaj ntxhiab (ntau flavorful) - feem ntau uas muaj ntxhiab (feem ntau flavorful);
• kim (nyob zoo) - tsis tshua kim (tsis tshua kim) - tsawg kawg yog kim (qhov pheej yig heev).

Muaj ib qho piv txwv:

• Nws yog cov feem ntau nyuaj hnub lub lim tiam no - nws yog lub feem ntau nyuaj hnub no lub lim tiam.
• Qhov no mus txawv tebchaws yog tsis tshua kim - qhov no mus txawv tebchaws yog tsis tshua kim.

Daim ntawv qhia ntawm qhov tsab xov xwm ua ntej lub chaw

Lub comparative degree muaj ib tug tseem ceeb txoj cai: tej superlatives, seb nws yog tsim los ntawm txhais tau tias ntawm lub analytical Siv los yog hluavtaws, yog ib txwm nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub meej tsab xov xwm «lub». Qhov no yog qhov tseeb vim hais tias tej defining lo lus nyob rau hauv feem ntau yog hais txog mus rau lub noun uas los yog tom qab nws. Yog hais tias lub noun yog tsis tau, ces cov kev siv ntawm cov lus hauv tsab xov xwm tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev qhov kev txiav txim, vim nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub lub chaw implies ib tug neeg los yog tshaj plaws:

• Kuv yawm txiv yog tus neeg nyob rau hauv nws lub zos - kuv yawg - saum toj no tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv nws lub zos.
• Nws yog ib tug kim heev tsev noj mov, lub kim tshaj plaws uas kuv tau pom - nws yog ib tug kim heev tsev noj mov, kim heev rau dab tsi kuv pom.

Raws li tshwm nyob rau hauv lub thib ob yog ib feem ntawm lub thib ob piv txwv li, yav tom ntej comparative chaw yuav tsum muaj tseeb tsab xov xwm txawm tsis muaj ib tus, taug kev khiav. Nyob rau hauv lub txwv li cov noun yog tsis sau, tiam sis nws yog to taub: lub kim tshaj plaws (lub tsev noj mov), uas kuv tau pom.

Lo lus «feem ntau» nyob rau hauv lub qhov tseem ceeb

Lo lus «feem ntau» yog siv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov mob uas ib tug sib piv degree ntawm adjectives nyob rau hauv lus Askiv, tab sis kuj rau lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws yog siv mus txhais ua "heev", "heev", "heev." Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, kev siv ntawm cov zoo tshaj siv lub indefinite tsab xov xwm "ib tug", thiab kev siv ntawm lub plural tsab xov xwm thiab tsis muab tso rau:

• lawv yog feem ntau paub cai neeg - lawv yog cov zoo nkauj / zoo heev paub cai neeg.

Tsis tas li ntawd, lo lus "yuav feem ntau" yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog lub preposition "ntawm", tsim ib tug ua ke uas yog txhais ua Lavxias teb sab li "feem ntau ntawm ..." los yog "feem ntau ntawm cov ...". Qhov no kab lus no yog siv rau ib yam pab pawg neeg ntawm cov neeg, tej khoom thiab lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo li tsim rau cov khoom «feem ntau» tsis thov, thiab tau muab tso rau txoj cai ua ntej npe los yog muab tso rau hauv general:

• Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv Russia don`t paub lus Askiv - feem ntau cov neeg nyob rau hauv Russia tsis txawj hais lus Askiv.
• Feem ntau ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv paub txoj cai no - feem ntau ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv paub txoj cai no.

ib co nuances

Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias lus Askiv yog tsim dynamically, thiab sau cov kev cai thiab ua tej yam lus Siv kuj raug kev txom nyem ib co kev hloov. Tej yam metamorphosis yog tsis spared thiab cov kev cai ntawm kev siv adjectives lus. Qhov tseeb hais tias, los ntawm muab piv ib co ntawm cov lus, nws tseem tau mus hloov lawv, siv hluavtaws los yog analytical daim ntawv no, tsis muaj teeb meem ntau npaum li cas lub suab li no los yog lo lus ntawd. Hais tias yog, ib co lexical units yog tsis raug mus rau lub kev cai. Sim kom paub tseeb hais.

Muaj monosyllabic adjectives uas yuav muab piv nrog ob tug tau txoj kev:

• muaj tseeb (muaj tseeb) - truer los yog muaj tseeb (tseeb) - truest los yog yuav feem ntau yeej muaj tseeb (feem tseeb);
• kub (kub) - kub tshaj los yog ntau tshaj kub (kub) - kub los yog feem ntau kub (kub heev).

Tseem muaj cov neeg monosyllabic lus, uas nyob rau hauv feem ntau nws yog siv nyob rau hauv ib tug analytical daim ntawv. Piv txwv ntawm cov lus no:

• txoj cai (qhov tseeb, txoj cai) - righter (tsis tshua muaj siv) / ntau txoj cai (es) - feem ntau txoj cai (feem ntau yog / tsis yog);
• tiag tiag (tiag tiag) - ntau tiag tiag (muaj tiag) - realest / feem ntau tiag tiag (cov feem ntau muaj tiag).

Nyob rau hauv lus Askiv, muaj ob-lub suab lus uas yog Attendance piv nrog rau ob tug saum toj no-hais txoj kev, piv txwv li, nws yog ntse, sincere thiab ruam. Lo lus tej thaj chaw deb thiab paub cai txawm tias muaj ob hom ntawm kev sib piv, tsis tau feem ntau sib txawv los ntawm txoj kev lub analytical txoj kev.

Yog hais tias koj tsis paub tseeb uas ntawm ob comparative revolutions tseeb thov kom ib tug lo lus, siv analytical: nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no koj khiav txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua ib tug stylistic yuam kev, es tsis sau ntawv.

deletion ntawm cov lo lus

Lub comparative degree ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug me ntsis txawv txoj kev rau ib pab pawg neeg ntawm haum cov lus, uas siv lawv cov cim txoj kev hloov. Tej lus no yog ib tug me ntsis, yog li nco lawv ntaub ntawv tsis ntev ntev, txawm li cas los, paub tias lawv yuav tsum tau. Conventionally, xws li ib tug lo lus yuav tsum tau hu ua "tsis ncaj ncees lawm adjectives." Cov yuav muaj lus xws li "phem» - phem (heev tshaj - phem tshaj), «me me» - me ntsis (tsawg - kawg), "ib tug ntau" - npaum li cas \ ntau (ntau - feem ntau), «zoo» zoo (zoo dua - qhov zoo tshaj plaws ). Ib tug interesting tseeb yog hais tias cov lus txhais tsis "tsis yog" nyob rau hauv ib co lwm yam lus, qhov twg lawv comparative degree ntawm lub chaw no kuj tsis yog raug mus rau lub kev cai.

Koj tsis yuav tsis meej pem los ntawm ua hauj lwm nrog cov lus thiab ib tug me ntsis me me. Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si zaum lub comparative degree translates li "tsawg tshaj", tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug embodiment nrog me ntsis - yog qhov tsawg, thiab nyob rau hauv lub embodiment nrog ib tug me me - me me:

• Kuv muaj tsawg powers tshaj koj - kuv muaj tsawg txoj cai tshaj qhov koj muaj.
• I`m me dua kuv tus tij laug - Kuv tsawg tshaj li nws tus tij laug.

Tsis tas li ntawd tshwj xeeb yog noteworthy comparative chaw uas yog txhais ua Lavxias teb sab li "ntau":

• Koj muaj nyiaj ntau dua nws - koj muaj nyiaj ntau dua nws.
• Kuv tij laug yog loj dua koj - kuv tus kwv ntau tshaj koj.

Raws li koj tau pom, cov lus no yog heev commonplace, thiab tag nrho cov kev nyuaj siab nrog lawv nyob rau hauv tej yam mob.

afterword

Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, peb xam tawm li cas mus ua hauj lwm comparative degree ntawm adjectives. Cov lus Askiv yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv ntau yam nuances thiab kev zam uas yuav tsis haum nyob rau hauv ib tsab xov xwm, tiam sis feem ntau yooj yim cov kev cai tau los sib tham saum toj no. Nws yog ib nqi hais dua: yog hais tias koj tsis paub tseeb txog kev siv ntawm ib tug sib piv turnover rau adjectives, siv analytical version. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav nco ntsoov yuav tsum to taub, yuav raug kev txom nyem tshwj tsis yog tias lub stylistic sab ntawm cov kab lus, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib qho chaw comparative degree.