Keeb kwm thiab xyoo ntawm Kazan

Nyob rau lub tswv yim ntawm cov dab, cov Bulgars yuav tsum tau nqa ib tug lossis loj vat ntawm dej, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob qhov twg cov dej boils, nws yog tsim nyog los tsim lub nroog. Thiab cov txuj ci tseem ceeb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub pas dej Kleban. Nws yog tus pib ntawm yug tus Kazan Khanate.

Yuav ua li cas nws tag nrho cov pib

Qhov no tsuas yog ib qho ntawm ntau yam zoo nkauj legends uas koos puag Kazan. Muaj versions ntawm lub pob txha taub hau thiab hais txog ib tug devout Muslim, cov uas ntaus ib tug miraculous caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thiab hais txog qhov txaus ntshai hluav taws kub-ua pa zaj, uas yog ib txwm xwm li nyob rau hauv lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab rau centuries, thiab ntau lwm yam nthuav dab neeg.

Lub caij nyoog xyoo ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm Kazan, hmoov tsis, yuav hu ua mus txog rau thaum tsis muaj ib tug tau. Tus thawj mention ntawm nws nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm hnub rov qab mus rau 1376 thiab 1391 xyoo, thiab nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj qhov chaw - lub xyoo pua 15th. Geographer Rachkov xav hais tias Kazan twb nrhiav tau tom qab kev tuag ntawm Batu nyob rau hauv 1255.

Tab sis cov nom yog suav tias yog ib tug txawv lub sij hawm, thaum lub hauv av yog Kazan. Hnub ntawm 1005 raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm archaeological excavations nyob rau hauv lub Kazan Kremlin.

Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, uas yog ua tau raws li ib tug frontier fortress ntawm tus Volga Bulgaria, Kazan yog ib feem ntawm lub Golden Horde. Qhov no yog lub sij hawm ntawm nws cov nyiaj txiag txoj kev loj hlob. Vim nws thaj chaw thiab cov kev loj hlob ntawm ntau ntau yam ntawm crafts tau tsim lag luam thiab nyiaj txiag kev sib raug zoo nrog qaib ntxhw, Crimea, Moscow thiab lwm tus neeg.

Ib tug tshiab era

Ces muaj ib lub sij hawm ntawm haum yooj yim kev sib raug zoo nrog Moscow. Thiab txawm lub fact tias yuav tsis raug zam ntawm lub zos ntawm diplomatic kev sib raug zoo, kev tsov kev rog.

Nyob rau hauv 1552, Ivana Groznogo troops coj Kazan. Heev heev tib neeg losses nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj sib ntaus sib tua, thiab ces ntawd kub ntev li ntau tshaj ib lub hlis tau sab laug lub siege ntawm Kazan sij hawm. Nws yog cov feem ntau nyuaj xyoo nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog. Ntawm Kazan, nws txoj kev ntawm lub neej tau raug kiag li kho, thiab tom qab lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm lub nroog nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj 1552 pib ib tug tshiab era ntawm nroog loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab xeev.

Cov neeg nyob hauv zos yog nyob sab nraum lub nroog, thiab qhov chaw ntawm lawv lub zos los ua lub npe hu ua lub qub Tatar kev sib hais haum. Tus heev tib yam Kazan nquag pib khom cov neeg tsiv teb los ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab lub zos. Nyob rau hauv 1556, nyob rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Ivan IV pib tsim kho ntawm lub Kazan Kremlin. Lub nroog tau ua thiab kev lag kev luam tsim. Nws nyob muaj ntau yam khoom siv tes ua zos, txuas hniav tau ua, thawj lub Hoobkas teem.

Thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Peter Thawj Kazan tau txais tus txheej xwm ntawm capital ntawm cov Kazan xeev. Thiab cov lus qhib ntawm ib tug mus tas ua yeeb yam thiab lub Kazan University (1791 thiab 1804) ruaj lub npe ntawm cov kev cai thiab kev chaw nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws.

Tiam sis muaj nyob rau hauv Kazan thiab tragic cov txheej xwm. Hluav Taws thaum lub sij hawm Pugachev uprising thiab tom ntej hluav taws nyob rau hauv 1815 thiab 1842 peb lub sij hawm hlawv lub nroog yuav luag mus rau hauv av.

sights

Niaj hnub no Kazan yog tabtom xav tau peb capital ntawm Russia. Qhov no cim cosmopolitan nroog combines muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm haiv neeg thiab kev ntseeg.

Nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm xws li ib tug ntev-sawv founding xyoo, Kazan yog tsis tau txuag tus tiag tiag keeb kwm monuments.

Feem ntau ntawm cov ancient tsev thiab keeb kwm ntaub ntawv rau cov kev tswj ntawm Kazan twb puas heev heev hluav taws kub thiab puas kev tsov kev rog, thiab lub ntsiab yog vaj tse ntawm architectural khaub ncaws ntau yog sawv cev los ntawm cov vaj tse 19 thiab 20.

Tab sis txawm qhov no txaus siab nyob rau hauv Kazan nws yog tiag tiag heev npaum li cas.

• Islamic Tsev khaws puav pheej (nws pib archaeological monuments ntawm 10-11 centuries);
• Monument Kazan miv (tsa rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Catherine II);
• Tuam tsev ntawm tag nrho cov religions;
• Peter thiab Paul Cathedral (ua nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus patron Petra Velikogo - Peter thiab Paul);
• Tuam tsev ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig;
• Azimov Mosque;
• Lub tsev ntawm Shamil;
• Holy Assumption Monastery Zilant;
• Kazan University;
• Al-Marjani (. Tus thawj pob zeb mosque ua nyob rau hauv Kazan tom qab lub capture ntawm Ivanom Groznym tso cai tso cai rau Catherine II);
• Zaum Kazan vaj (nyob hauv lub site ntawm ib tug medieval caravanserai);
• Nres 1000th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Kazan;
• Lub Thousandth Hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Islam Mosque;
• Blue Lake;
• Tuam tsev ntawm Holy lub ntsej muag ntawm tus Cawm Seej (nyob rau ib cov kob nyob rau hauv Kazanka, ua nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm Lavxias teb sab tub rog uas tuag thaum lub sij hawm lub capture ntawm Kazan) , thiab ntau lwm tus neeg.

Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, feem ntau mus xyuas neeg mus ncig tebchaws lo lus uas peb nyob rau hauv lub Kazan Kremlin. Lub tuam tsev no yog muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov UNESCO ntiaj teb cuab yeej cuab tam chaw.

Founded hauv 1556, thiab tam sim no nws yog lub ntsiab administrative building. Nws yog qhov chaw nyob ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm.

impressive ib

Nyob rau hauv 2005 nws tuaj puag ncig thiab ib qho tseem ceeb hnub - cim hauv lub caij milenias- keeb kwm ntawm Kazan. Foundation ntawm lub nroog (hnub) nyob rau hauv lub nroog attracted ntau tus neeg. Tsuas yog ua hauj lwm uas tau mus xyuas lub capital ntawm Tatarstan nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm lub hnub tseem ceeb, muaj 10 txhiab. Nyob rau theem ntawm lub nroog twb gala concerts.

Ib tug tshiab haiv neeg khiav, twb qhib rau lub hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub tiaj ua si Kazan txhiab xyoo, xav tsis thoob theem suab paj nruas chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub nroog xav tias yuav ib tug txais tos khoom plig nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov lus qhib ntawm lub Kazan underground. Tiav kev ua koob tsheej ntawm ib tug zoo kawg tysyachezalpovy salute.

Nrhiav nyob rau niaj hnub lub magnificence ntawm lub ancient lub nroog, nws yog ib qhov nyuaj rau xav txog tej yam dab tsi yuav hauv lub xyoo 2000 Kazan.