Izyaslav Mstislavich, Grand tub huabtais ntawm Kiev: lub xyoo ntawm lub neej thiab reign

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Rurik dynasty - Izyaslav Mstislavich - yog tus tub Mstislava Velikogo thiab tus xeeb ntxwv Vladimira Monomaha. Nws txiv thiab nws yawg yog tus Kievan princes. Nyob rau hauv ib tug tib neeg txoj kev ntawm qub txeeg qub teg Izjaslav kuj suav tau rau lub zwm txwv nyob rau hauv leej niam ntawm Lavxias teb sab lub zos. Txawm li cas los, nws twb yug los nyob rau hauv 1097, thiab tag nrho nws cov neeg laus lub neej tuaj nyob rau hauv lub XII caug xyoo - lub era ntawm incessant strife thiab kev nom kev tswv fragmentation lub teb chaws.

cov tub ntxhais hluas

Izyaslav Mstislavich kom txog rau thaum kawg ntawm nws lub hnub twb yuam los ua pov thawj nws txoj cai rau kev coj noj coj nyob rau hauv sib ntaus tawm tsam heev heev txiv ntxawm thiab lwm yam senior txheeb ze ntawm tus Rurik dynasty. Nws tau txais nws cov thawj kev ntawm lub reign ntawm Kursk, qhov twg nyob rau hauv 1125-1129 gg. Nws yog tus tswv xeev ntawm nws txiv. Ces Mstislav xa nws tus tub mus Polotsk. Qhov no lub nroog tau ntev tau uas los ntawm ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib ceg ntawm lub Rurik, luv luv tawm los ntawm muaj tom qab ib tug poob tsov rog.

Mstislav lub Great, uas kav nyob rau hauv Kiev, muaj ob peb tug tub, Izyaslav Mstislavich yog tus thib ob ntawm lawv. Nws tus tij laug yog Vsevolod Novgorod, thiab tus tub ntxawg - Rostislav - ua tau zoo Smolensk.

Muaj tsis muaj tsis ntseeg hais tias Kiev Mstislav xav kom muab nws ib tug tub txawm tiv thaiv tus tsim kev txiav txim, nyob rau hauv uas lub ntsiab lub nroog ntawm Russia kis mus rau tus hlob tus neeg ntawm tag nrho cov dynasty. Yuav kom qhov no kawg, lub huab tais ua ib tug sib tuav hauv nrog nws tus tij laug Yaropolk. Qhov kev pom zoo yog raws li nram no. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm Mstislav childless Jaropolk nws tau txais Kiev thiab tau cog lus tseg kom dhau lub zwm txwv rau nws ib tug xeebntxwv. Lub sij hawm tau qhia hais tias xws li kev npaj twb tsis zaum ces.

Nyob rau hauv Novgorod

Mstislav tuag nyob rau hauv 1132, thiab nws tus tub Izyaslav Mstislavich tau txais los ntawm Jaropolk thawj Pereyaslavl, thiab ces es tsis txhob Turov, Pinsk thiab Minsk. Txawm li cas los, rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm nws twb tsis tau mus nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv ib tug tshiab qhov chaw. Cia li ob peb xyoos tub huabtais tsav nws lwm tus txiv ntxawm - Vyacheslav.

Stripped ntawm lub hwj chim, Izyaslav mus rau Novgorod rau nws tus tij laug Vsevolod. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, None enlisted Olegoviches - lub rulers ntawm lub Chernigov av. Mstislavich tsis txaus siab nrog nws heev, lawv demanded loj hlob, txiv ntxawm. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev rau siab los ua pov thawj rau hauv lub seriousness ntawm cov kwv tij ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub Novgorod pab tub rog invaded lub North-Eastern Russia, teej tug mus rau tus yau tus tub Monomaha Yuriyu Dolgorukomu.

Vsevolod xav Izyaslav Mstislavich coj Rostov nqi zog. Txawm li cas los, yuav pib ib tug tsov rog nrog nws tus txiv ntxawm, hais tias lub hom phiaj, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua. Ib tug plausible vim li cas mus nrhiav tau sai sai heev. Feeb ntau, cov neeg ntawm Novgorod twb tau tsis cij, thiab yuav nws los ntawm cov neeg zej zog. Nyob rau Eve ntawm lub phiaj los nqis tes Mstislavich Suzdal tub txawj tub ntse ho nce nqi rau lawv cov khoom, uas tshwm sim los chim heev kawm Vsevolod.

Qhov kawg ntawm 1134 tus Novgorod pab tub rog, uas tau mus los ntawm Mstislavich invaded lub khoom ntiag ntawm Yuriya Dolgorukogo. Lub brigade tsiv raws tus ntug dej ntawm tus dej Dubna thiab Kubri. Mstislavich yuav mus nrhiav kom tau tswj lub waterway, txiav tawm lub yav qab teb lub zos ntawm sab qaum teb tus txiv ntxawm.

Lub ib hlis ntuj 26, 1135 Izyaslav Mstislavich, tus tub xeeb ntxwv Vladimira Monomaha, coj pab tub rog mus rau hauv sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv Zhdanov roob. Nyob rau hauv Novgorod muaj lub zoo dua - lawv yog cov ua ntej mus nyob rau leeg ib qho tseem ceeb siab hauv av. Yuav kom zuaj Suzdal, lub tub cheev xwm rushed cia, tab sis lub sij hawm no nws muab tawm hais tias ib feem ntawm cov tub rog Yuriya Dolgorukogo tuav feint thiab mus rau lub rear ntawm lub rhawv Mstislavich. Novgorod yeej, cov xim ntawm lawv cov tub rog tua thiab aristocracy, xws li tysyatsky Petri Mikulic thiab posadnik Ivanko Pavlovich. Vsevolod nationals liam ntawm cowardice thiab khiav deb ntawm lub battlefield. Nyob rau hauv 1136, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lub uprising, nws poob nws lub hwj chim. Izyaslav kuj poob los ntawm thaum pib muaj tsis muaj dab tsi, thiab tom qab lub yeej, nws hais ntxiv hais nrog tshiaj vigor sib ntaus rau lub hwj chim.

Volyn thiab Pereyaslav None

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd rau nws tus kwv, Vsevolod, Izyaslav phoojywg twb Chernigov Olegovichy. Ua ke nrog lawv, nws tuaj rov qab los ntawm North-Eastern Russia, mus rau tua Pereyaslavskaya thiab Kyiv av. Qhov no phiaj los nqis tes muaj pov thawj yuav tsum tau muaj kev vam meej yav dhau los yog ib tug. Tsis xav ua tsov ua rog conceded Jaropolk tub xeeb ntxwv, Vladimir-Volyn. Izyaslav tus kav muaj nyob rau hauv 1135-1142 gg.

Nyob rau hauv 1139 tus tub huabtais tuag Jaropolk. Kiev zwm txwv twb yuav Vsevolodom Olgovichem, uas kav ua ntej Chernigov. Ntev-sawv cog lus Jaropolk Mstislav lub hloov lwm lub tsev ntawm lub hwj chim rau nws lawm tub ho tsis tuaj tiag. By lub sij hawm Izyaslav los ua tus hlob ntawm cov tub uas muaj sia nyob Mstislav. Nws tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm Novgorod tij laug tuag ua ntej Jaropolk.

Vsevolod Olgovich yuav txiv rau Mary Mstislavovna - tus muam Izyaslav. Allied kev sib raug zoo tsis ua hauj lwm tawm ntawm lawv. Cuaj kaum, nyob rau hauv 1135 Izyaslav conceded Olgovich Vladimir-Volyn, thiab nyob rau hauv pauv tau txais Pereyaslavl. Qhov sib thooj ntawm lub nroog mus Kiev sai ua si rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm cov tub huabtais.

Thaum pib ntawm lub reign nyob rau hauv Kiev

Vsevolod Kievsky tuag nyob rau hauv 1146. Tsis ntev ua ntej nws tuag nws tau Izjaslava cog lus tias nws yuav tsis noj tam sim ntawd lub zwm txwv los ntawm nws tus tij laug Igor. Txawm li cas los, sai li sai raws li Vsevolod tuag, riots tsoo tawm nyob rau hauv Kiev. Lub townspeople tsis nyiam Olegoviches thiab xav kom lawv txoj cai tus me nyuam Monomakh. Tsis ntev Izyaslav yuav lub nroog. Igor sim los mus tiv thaiv nws tus kheej. Nws hais lus tawm tsam ib tug nrog sib ntaus nrog cov tub rog, tab sis twb yeej thiab yuav bogged nyob rau hauv cov hav iav.

Qhov tseeb hais tias Izyaslav Mstislavich - Grand tub huabtais ntawm Kiev, angered los ntawm nws txiv ntxawm. Vyacheslav, uas yog ib zaug raug ntiab tawm hauv lub tub ntawm lub tours hais txog lawv txoj cai, tab sis tam sim no nws twb deprived ntawm qub txeeg qub teg. Pereyaslavl, qhov twg cov kev cai rau Kiev Izyaslav, kuj tseem nyob rau hauv nws cov kev tswj. Nyob rau hauv qhov ncig saib , nws muab tso rau tus tswv xeev tus tub Yaroslav. Pereyaslavl tau txais laus txais Mstislav.

Meanwhile, nyob rau hauv Kiev ua si tawm ib tug ua yeeb yam. Stripped ntawm lub hwj chim Igor Olgovich raug xa mus rau Izyaslav nyob rau hauv lub monastery. Muaj, nws tau los ua ib tug haujsam thiab coj ib tug nyob ntsiag to lub neej. Tab sis txawm ua tiag tiag kev txo hwj chim Igor ho cawm tsis tau nws los ntawm qhov npau taws mob. Nyob rau hauv 1147, ib pab pawg neeg ntawm Kiev dua staged nyob rau hauv nyuaj siab ntxhov plawv thiab tsoo rau hauv lub monastery, nyob qhov twg lub disgraced None nyob. Igor raug dua ua tej daim, thiab laj mej pej xeem desecrated nws lub cev. Izyaslav tsis txawv bloodlust, nws tsis npaj no tua neeg pov tseg, tab sis hais tias nws yuav tsum tau dais lub luag hauj lwm rau nws.

approximation ntawm civil strife

Kuv twb raug tua los ntawm Igor Svyatoslav Seversky tij laug. Tom qab tau txais cov xov xwm ntawm qhov txaus ntshai txoj hmoo ntawm ib tug txheeb ze, nws yog ib tug implacable yeeb ncuab ntawm tus tub huabtais ntawm Kiev. Izjaslav Mstislavich II muaj thiab lwm yam tw. Qhov tseem active ntawm lawv tseem Yuri Dolgoruky. Tus yau tus tub ntawm Monomakh txuas ntxiv mus kav Rostov thiab Suzdal. Muab tso rau hauv lub deb sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj Zalesie tsis tau nws tus txiv los ntawm ib tug thaum ntxov muaj hnub nyoog nws yog tsis zoo siab nrog lub precipitated fractions. Yuri yog khib ntawm nws lawm tub, ntes tau nyob ze Kiev nyob rau hauv ib tug lub sij hawm ntawd thaum cov neeg ntawm Kiev staged ib revolt tiv thaiv Olegoviches.

Dolgoruky txwm tau txais nws lub npe menyuam yaus. Nws ambitions ntawm lub Rostov-Suzdal av kis thoob plaws Russia. Yuri tuaj txoos ua ke ib tug tag nrho coalition tiv thaiv Izyaslav. Lub Union tau nkag mus hauv lub twb hais Svyatoslav Seversky thiab Vladimirka Galitsky (nws xav khaws cia rau lub ywj pheej ntawm Galicia los ntawm Kiev). Thaum kawg, nyob rau hauv sab ntawm lub Dolgoruky Cumans twb dubious kev pab nws yeej ib txwm siv tsis muaj hesitation.

Izyaslav nyob rau hauv lub nce tsov rog twb kev txhawb los ntawm tus kwv yau Rostislav ntawm Smolensk, Vladimir Davidovich Chernigov, Rostislav Yaroslavich ntawm Novgorod thiab Ryazan. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws puav tau pab lub Hungarian kav cov vaj ntxwv, cov Czech koom pheej thiab teb chaws Poland.

Cov tsov ua rog rau supremacy

Nyob rau hauv thawj theem sib ceg Chernihiv them hauv av. Davidovich sim mus rau deprive Svyatoslav nws qub txeeg qub teg. Thaum Izyaslav Mstislavich thiab Yury Dolgoruky txiav txim siab rau txoj hmoo ntawm Kiev, thiab lwm yam Rurik kuj sim mus ua raws li lawv cov kev txaus siab. Tag nrho lawv tiv thaiv nrog txhua leej txhua tus. Izyaslav Davidovich xa mus rau lub besieged Novgorod-Seversky nws tus tub Mstislav Berendeys thiab Pereyaslavets. Siv lub fortress ua tsis tau tejyam.

Ces Izyaslav Mstislavich, Grand tub huabtais ntawm Kiev, nws tsiv nrog nws pab tub rog mus Novgorod. Svjatoslav thawj retreated rau Karacheva, thiab ces ua ke nrog Yuri rov Smolenskie tswv cuab. Tig nyob rau hauv tsov rog tshwm sim tom qab Davidovich kev sib haum xeeb nrog Seversky tub huabtais. Izyaslav II Mstislavich, nyob rau hauv luv luv, yog tsis zoo siab txog qhov teeb meem. Nyob rau hauv 1148 nws, ua ke nrog rau cov Hungarian pab tub rog invaded Chernigov muaj. General sib ntaus sib tua yeej tsis tshwm sim. Tom qab sawv nyob rau hauv Ljubech Kiev None retreated.

swb

Nyob rau hauv 1149 Izyaslav 2 Mstislavich Zamir thiab Davidovich, Svyatoslav thiab Seversky. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd rau nws kev pab nws tuaj rau ib qho ntawm cov tub Yuri Dolgoruky Rostislav, ua tsis haum uas nws txiv deprived ntawm nws qub txeeg qub teg. Tom qab hais tias, Izyaslav ua ke Rostislav ntawm Smolensk thiab Novgorod mus pw hav zoov nyob rau hauv lub North-Eastern Russia. Coalition pab tub rog plundered ntau cov khoom Yuri. Cov neeg raug txim tau txais 7000 cov neeg.

Thaum rov qab mus Kiev Izyaslav nws tau sib cav nrog Rostislav Yurevich, accusing nws ntawm treason thiab deprived ntawm nws qub txeeg qub teg. Dolgoruky coj kom zoo dua ntawm lub fact tias nws tus tub poob rau hauv disgrace thiab, muaj ib tug ntau dua kev zam txim rau tua tus yeeb ncuab, nws mus rau ib tug mus rau sab qab teb. Nyob rau hauv lub decisive sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Pereyaslavl nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj 1149 Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Kiev, twb swb lawm. Yuri Dolgoruky ua raws li nws tus npau suav thiab coj muaj lub ancient capital. Nws ciali hais tias Izyaslav Mstislavich (1146-1149) tsis rov qab cov tswj Kiev, tab sis nws tsis xav kom muab.

Volyn phiaj los nqis tes

Poob Kiev, Izyaslav muab khaws cia tseg Volyn. Nws yeej nyob ntawd thiab tsiv civil tsov rog. Ntawm no, nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob ntawm Russia, nws yog tshwj xeeb yog tsim kev pab txhawb nqa rau Czech kav cov vaj ntxwv, Poland thiab Hungary. Cov tub rog Yuri besieged fortress Lutsk, uas twb mus los ntawm Vladimir Mstislavich tiv thaiv.

Izyaslav ua ke nrog nws Western cov phoojywg tuaj rau tus cawm ntawm lub nroog, qhov twg nws twb muaj lub shortage ntawm cov dej. Sib ntaus sib tua, txawm li cas los, tsis tshwm sim. Tw pom zoo hais tias Izyaslav muab neeg pab leg ntaubntawv mus rau lub zwm txwv ntawm Kiev, Yuri thiab muab nws lub xaiv Novgorod tribute. Raws li ib txwm nyob rau hauv lub dag era, cov ntawv cog lus twb yeej de facto siv.

Rov qab mus rau Kiev

Nyob rau hauv 1151 Izyaslav, koom los ntawm lub Hungarian tub cheev xwm, xa mus los ntawm King Géza II ntawm, dua coj Kiev. Thaum lub sij hawm no phiaj los nqis tes, lub ntsiab kev hem thawj rau nws sawv cev Vladimirka Galitsky, uas tswj mus ua txhaum los ntawm kev dag ntxias maneuver. Yuri tshuav Kiev, ua tau dua nws tsis muaj nriaj. Vladimirka Galitsky, omission angered phoojywg thiab xaus kev tsov rog.

Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv Kiev resumed thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Izyaslav Mstislavovitch (1151-1154). Lub sij hawm no nws mus rau nruab nrab thiab caw kuv mus rau nws lub Vyacheslav, uas nws tau txij li thaum thawm xyoo reigned ua ke. Txiv ntxawm thiab tub sib raug zoo tsis tau hu ua zoo: lawv tau raug kev txom nyem ib tug ntau ntawm quarrels thiab kev sib nrig sib resentment. Tam sim no cov thawj thaum kawg sib raug zoo nrog. Tub raws li ib tug cim piav tes piav taw muab txoj kev uas yuav nws tus txiv ntxawm palace thiab kho nws zoo li ib leej txiv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, yuav luag tag nrho cov kev txiav txim siab no yog ua los Izjaslav Mstislavich. Domestic thiab txawv teb chaws txoj cai ntawm tub huabtais depended nkaus rau kev tsov rog. Rau lub caij ntawm nws reign muaj tsis yog ib tug ntev lub sij hawm ntawm kev kaj siab.

Yuri Dolgoruky, uas rov qab mus rau lub Rostov-Suzdal av, twb tsis yog yuav mus muab lawv tus kheej ambitions. Nyob rau hauv 1151 nws dua mus nrog ib pab neeg mus rau sab qab teb. Yuri txhawb Chernigov princes thiab Polovtsy. Rau ib tug nres on Kiev yog tsim nyog ua ntej mus hla lub Dnieper. Tus thawj los ntawm lub hla coj qhov chaw nyob ze Vyshgorod. Izyaslav nres nws los ntawm kev xa ib tug fleet mus rau lub poob lawm ntawm rooks.

Tub cheev xwm Suzdal None tsis rov qab thiab rov sim nws yawg koob hmoov rau lwm tus ib feem ntawm qhov dej. Zarubinsky hla tus ford, nws mus rau Kiev. Lub vanguard, uas muaj mas lub Polovtsian, tau raug puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub nroog. Nyob rau hauv sib ntaus sib tua, Khan tuag Bonyak. Yuri Dolgoruky, hoping pab Vladimirka Galitsky, retreated rau sab hnub poob, tab sis tsis ntev yeej nyob rau sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Rute dej. Lub sib ntaus sib tua raug nqi lub neej ntawm Chernigov tub huabtais Vladimir Davidovich. Izyaslav yuav nquam paj nquam nruas. Yuri Dolgoruky nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm Russia tsuas yog Kursk.

tsis ntev los no xyoo

Strife tiv thaiv tau tus princes mus tua no kev hem thawj - Polovtsian. Foothold nyob rau hauv Kiev, Izyaslav xa nws ob tug tub thiab nws tus warriors mus rau hauv lub steppe. Tsos tau zoo. Kiev thaj av rau ib tug ob peb xyoos kuv tsis nco qab txog lub ntsoog loj heev ntxeem tau. Nyob rau hauv 1152 lub allied Izyaslavu Mstislavichu Izyaslav Davidovich besieged Dolgoruky nyob rau hauv Chernigov. Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Kiev nyob rau hauv lub taub hau ntawm lub pab tub rog mus rau nws cawm. Yuri yuav tsum tau thim rov qab.

Tus nrog sib ntaus Izyaslav kuj tseem Vladimirka Galitsky. Nyob rau hauv 1152 lub Hungarians yeej nws nyob rau hauv dej Sana. Tom qab ntawd nws tau mus rau Galicia Izyaslav. Vladimirka thaj yeeb nrog nws thiab tuag tom qab ntawd. Nws tus tub thiab successor, Yaroslav Osmomysl pom tau hais tias Izyaslav laus, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb caum ib tug neeg sab nraud txoj cai uas tau coj mus rau armed teeb meem. Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Kiev, yeej nws nyob rau hauv Terebovlya. Nws yog qhov kawg loj sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub commander.

Izyaslav Mstislavich (los yog Putin, los yog es, Monomashevich - uas yog tus tub xeeb ntxwv Vladimira Monomaha) tuag nyob rau hauv 1154 nyob rau hauv Kiev. Nws txoj kev tuag tshwm sim los zoo kev tu siab ntawm cov townspeople. Izyaslav nyiam txoj kev hlub ntawm tus neeg, nws tsis tu ncua mloog nkaus nrog commoners thiab ua rau cov kev veche zoo li nws illustrious txwv zeej txwv koob Yaroslav cov Wise. Tub huabtais twb faus nyob rau hauv lub monastery ntawm St. Theodore, uas ua tau los ntawm nws tus txiv Mstislav lub Great.

Tom qab kev tuag ntawm Izyaslav ntev civil tsov rog tsis tau nres. Kiev dhau los ntawm txhais tes mus rau tes. Nyob rau hauv 1169 nws tau hlawv thiab looted los ntawm tus txais cuab tam ntawm Andrew Bogolyubsky Yuriya Dolgorukogo, thiab ces poob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub ntsiab kev nom kev tswv chaw ntawm Russia. Izyaslav xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv twb tsau nyob rau hauv Volyn. Nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv Daniel Romanovich koom tag nrho South-West Russia , thiab txawm coj qhws lub npe ntawm King ntawm Russia.