Ion pauv resins: daim ntawv thov. Yuav ua li cas zoo yog lawv nyob rau hauv dej purification?

Ion pauv resins - ib tug siab molecular compound insoluble nyob rau hauv theem, uas tej zaum yuav qhia cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm reacting nrog ib tug daws ntawm ions. Lawv muaj ib tug peb-dimensional gel los yog macroporous qauv. Lawv hu ua ion exchangers.

hom

Cov resins yog ntawv pauv (muab faib mus rau hauv xav acidic thiab weakly acidic), anion txauv (xav yooj yim, weakly yooj yim, intermediate thiab mixed hauv paus) thiab bipolar. Txaus acidic tebchaw - ib tug ntawv uas yuav pauv cations hais txog ntawm pH. Tab sis weakly acid yuav ua rau ib tus nqi tsis tsawg tshaj li xya. Txaus yooj yim anion pauv yuav anions nyob rau hauv kev daws nyob rau tej degree ntawm dissociation thaum twg pH qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, deprived ntawm weakly yooj yim anion exchangers. Nyob rau hauv no qhov teeb meem no, lub pH yuav tsum 1-6. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, cov cob yuav pauv ions nyob rau hauv cov dej tsau nyob ib leeg, tab sis es tsis txhob muab cov uas tau raug yav tas los stocked. Thiab txij li thaum nws yog H ₂ O - multicomponent qauv, nws yog tsim nyog los npaj nws txoj cai mus xaiv ib tug tshuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

zog

Ion pauv resins - polyelectrolytes. Lawv tsis yaj. Muab them ion ntawm so, vim hais tias nws muaj ib tug high molecular ceeb thawj. Nws cov ntaub ntawv lub hauv paus exchanger txuam nrog me me rooj noj yam uas yog opposite kos npe rau, thiab, nyob rau hauv lem, yuav pauv lawv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj.

ntau lawm

Yog hais tias lub polymer uas muaj cov khoom ntawm ib tug ion exchanger, kho sib, ces yuav muaj kev pauv hloov - lwm cov ion pauv resins. Qhov no yog heev ib qho tseem ceeb cov txheej txheem. Nrog polymer-analogous transformations, thiab ntxiv polycondensation thiab polymerization muab ion exchangers. Muaj yog ntsev thiab mixed-ntsev daim ntawv. Tus thawj yuav cov sodium thiab chloride, thiab lub thib ob - sodium-hydrogen, ib tug hydroxyl-chloride hom. Nyob rau hauv tej yam muaj resins. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem lawv yog txhais nyob rau hauv ib tug ua hauj lwm daim ntawv, namely hydrogen, hydroxyl thiab thiaj li nyob. D. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb, xws li cov tshuaj thiab cov kws kev lag luam, cov lag luam ua noj, nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag rau condensate kev kho mob. Tsis tas li ntawd tsis tsim ion pauv cob tov txaj lim.

daim ntawv thov

Siv ion pauv cob rau softening dej. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov compound tej zaum yuav desalinated thiab kua. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, ion pauv resins yog feem ntau siv rau hauv hwj chim. Nyob rau hauv hydrometallurgy siv lawv rau uas tsis yog-ferrous thiab tsis tshua muaj co, lawv muaj ntxuav thiab muab qhia los ntawm ntau yam ntsiab nyob rau hauv lub tshuaj ua lag luam. Ion exchangers kuj purify pov tseg dej, thiab lawv yog rau organic synthesis - ib lub hauv paus. Yog li, ion pauv resins tej zaum yuav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam industries.

muaj tu

Nyob rau thaum tshav kub kub hloov lwm lub tsev chaw yuav tshwm sim scum, thiab yog hais tias nws nce mus txog xwb 1 hli, cov roj noj yuav ua rau kom los ntawm 10%. Nws yog tseem hnyav losses. Ntxiv mus, cov khoom siv ris tawm sai. Yuav kom tiv thaiv no, koj yuav tsum kom zoo zoo npaj cov dej kev kho mob. Rau lub hom phiaj no, ib lub lim nrog ib tug ion pauv cob. Nws yog lim kua yuav raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub scale. Cov kev sib txawv, tab sis nrog ua kub variations ntawd yuav me me.

Ua H ₂ O

Muaj ntau txoj kev uas purify cov dej. Nws yog tej zaum yuav siv magnetic thiab ultrasonic kev kho mob, thiab nws tseem tau mus retouch chelators, kompleksonatov, IOMC-1. Tab sis nce nrov xaiv yog suav tias yog yuav tsum tau filtering nrog ion pauv. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov dej hloov nyob tus yeees ntawm cov ntsiab. Thaum zoo li no txoj kev yog siv, H ₂ O yuav luag tag desalted paug ploj. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias xws li kev kho mob yog heev yooj yim mus cuag nyob rau hauv lwm txoj kev. dej kev kho mob nrog ion pauv resins yog heev nrov tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Russia, tiam sis kuj nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws. Qhov no tu muaj ntau yam zoo thiab ntau npaum li cas zoo dua lwm txoj kev. Cov ntsiab, uas raug muab tshem tawm, yeej tsis yuav txo rau hauv qab thiab dispense reagents yog tsis ib txwm tsim nyog. Ua tus txheej txheem no heev yooj yim - lub lim tsim yog zoo sib xws. Tej zaum koj yuav xav tau coj kom zoo dua ntawm automation. Tom qab purification zog yuav tsum tau tswj thaum twg kub hloov mus hloov los.

Lub ion pauv cob yog Purolite A520E. piav qhia

Yuav kom nqus nitrate ions nyob rau hauv cov dej, cov macroporous cob tau tsim. Nws yog siv los ntxuav tawm H ₂ O nyob rau hauv txawv kev kawm. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau qhov no nyob ion pauv cob Purolite A520E. Nws yuav pab kom cov rhuav tshem ntawm nitrates, txawm nrog loj nyiaj ntawm cov sulfates. Qhov no txhais tau tias, piv nrog rau lwm cov ion exchangers, resin yog zoo tshaj thiab muaj ib tug zoo kev ua tau zoo.

Ua hauj lwm muaj peev xwm

Purolite A520E muaj siab selectivity. Nws yuav pab, tsis hais txog ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov sulfates, nitrates tshem tawm qualitatively. Cov zog yuav tsis khav ntawm lwm ion pauv resins. Qhov no yog vim hais tias thaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm sulfates nyob rau hauv H ₂ O pauv cov ntsiab tsawg. Tab sis ua tsaug rau cov selectivity rau Purolite A520E no yuav txo tau tsis yeej txawv. Txawm hais tias compound yog tsawg thaum piv rau lwm yam tag nrho pauv ntawm cov kua nyob rau hauv sufficiently loj qhov ntau ntawm kev dawb huv zoo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, yog hais tias tus sulfate yuav tsis txaus los mus tiv nrog cov dej kev kho mob thiab cov tshem tawm ntawm nitrate anion yuav sib txawv - ob qho tag nrho gel thiab macroporous.

npaj

Yuav kom cob Purolite A520E ua hauj lwm nyob rau ntawm 100%, nws yuav tsum tau kom npaj rau cov kev ua ntawm purification thiab kev npaj ntawm H ₂ O rau cov zaub mov kev lag luam. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ua ntej pib compound siv yog kho nrog 6% tshuaj ntawm NaCl. Thaum zoo li no yog siv nyob rau hauv ob zaug cov nyiaj piv rau tus nqi ntawm lub cob nws tus kheej. Tom qab ntawd, compound zaub mov ntxuav nrog dej (H ₂ O nqi yuav tsum muaj 4 lub sij hawm ntau). Tsuas yog tom qab siv xws li ib tug kev kho mob yuav tau txais rau tshem.

xaus

Vim lub zog muaj los ntawm lub ion-pauv cob, lawv yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov kev lag luam tsis tsuas yog rau cov dej, tab sis kuj rau cov kev kho mob ntawm cov khoom, ntau yam dej haus thiab lwm cov neeg. Nyob rau hauv tsos anion - yog cov khoom me me. Nws adheres thereto calcium thiab magnesium ions, thiab lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, muab lub sodium ions nyob rau hauv cov dej. Nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub txheej txheem, cov granules yog tso tawm adherent ntsiab. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias siab yuav poob nyob rau hauv lub ion pauv cob. Qhov no yuav cuam tshuam rau nws tus pab zog. Rau cov neeg los yog lwm yam kev hloov muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lwm yam: kub, kem qhov siab thiab cov particle loj, me, lawv ceev. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub ua yuav tsum muaj ib qho kev pom lub xeev ntawm cov ib puag ncig. Anion exchangers yog feem ntau siv rau hauv dej kev kho mob rau lub thoob dej yug ntses - lawv pab mus rau tsim ntawm zoo nyob tej yam kev mob rau cov ntses thiab cov nroj tsuag. Yog li, lub ion pauv resins uas yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv txawv industries, txawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev, vim hais tias lawv ua tau qualitatively dej huv rau ntxiv siv.