Hom thiab lub npe ntawm cov khoom qab zib (daim ntawv teev)

Rau ntau tus neeg, khoom qab zib - ib tug nyiam kho uas yuav tsis tau tsuas yog ua rau koj saj, tab sis kuj yuav ciali mus thiab ntxiv zog. Cov khoom qab zib ntawm ntau hom yog npaj rau ob peb centuries, thiab lub npe ntawm tus candy (daim ntawv teev cov uas yog nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm uas ntau tau hloov.
Qhov tsab xov xwm yuav tham txog dab tsi hom ntawm qab zib khoom muaj hnub no confectionery ua lag ua luam, yuav ua li cas lawv txawv thiab yuav ua li cas yog hu ua.

Thaum lawv tau muaj?

Qab zib kaub noom, precursors ntawm peb nyiam cov khoom qab zib, hlub nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws txij thaum ancient lub sij hawm. Yog li ntawd tse ntawm ancient tim lyiv teb chaws tsim cov tsos ntawm koj niam, txiv qaub tshuaj, iris cov hauv paus hniav, ntiv thiab cov hnub, thiab cov neeg Loos - los ntawm hau poppy noob, ceev, zib ntab thiab noob hnav noob ceeb thawj. Nyob rau hauv Russia hlub delicacy ua los ntawm maple phoov, zib ntab thiab zib suab thaj.

Candies uas zoo li hnub no, tau ua xwb nyob rau hauv lub XVI xyoo pua nyob rau hauv ltalis. Qhov no yog vim lub fact uas tau raug tom muaj ntau lawm ntawm qab zib, tsis muaj uas nws yog tsis yooj yim sua los tsim cov khoom qab zib. Chiv nws txawm xav hais tias nws yog ib tug heev muaj zog tshuaj, thiab nws muag xwb nyob rau hauv pharmacies. Thaum lub sij hawm, candied nyob rau hauv qab zib, lawv tis npe hu ua chocolates, ceased mus yuav cov tshuaj, thiab tau ua nrov qab zib.

Yuav ua li cas yog nws?

Lo lus "candy" los nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus los ntawm Italian, qhov twg confetto txhais tau tias "ntsiav tshuaj, khoom qab zib." Chiv, nws twb siv los ntawm Italian pharmacists mus rau npe rau daim ntawm candied txiv hmab txiv ntoo - candied txiv hmab txiv ntoo muag li tshuaj. Daim Ntawv lub plural - "candy" - nyob dog dig tom qab nyob rau hauv lub XIX xyoo pua, thaum nws los ua nrov Italian carnivals, nyob rau hauv uas koom pov confetti ntawm txhua lwm yam - fake khoom qab zib ua los ntawm plaster.

Niaj hnub no, nyob rau hauv lub khoom qab zib qab zib pastry hais txawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, tsos, saj thiab kev ntxhib los mos.

Yuav ua li cas yog lawv?

Niaj hnub nimno ntau yam ntawm cov khoom qab zib yog zoo li ntawd hais tias muaj ntau bakers tuaj classifications. Peb kuj xav paub yam uas peb yuav yuav nyob rau hauv lub khw hom khoom qab zib, uas nws npe yuav tsis yog txawv markedly los ntawm ntau manufacturers. Cov feem nrov thiab nyob hauv kev thov Lavxias teb sab buyers:

• Caramel. Nws muaj suab thaj thiab qab zib.
• Lollipops. Ib tug ntawm cov uas yooj yim nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua khoom ntawm confectionery khoom, uas ua los ntawm ua noj ua haus zib suab thaj, piam thaj los yog pob kws phoov. Cov tau flavored muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab poured rau hauv tshwj xeeb daim. Lub npe daim ntawv teev cov khoom qab zib yog hais hauv qab no.

- caramel khoom qab zib;

- khoom qab zib nyob rau hauv ib tug stick;

- candies qhwv nyob rau hauv ntawv;

- mos candies - monpase;

- licorice khoom qab zib los yog qab ntsev;

- ib tug elongated los yog oblong-zoo li tus khoom qab zib. Cov npe thiab cov duab ntawm xws "sticks" thiab "nrog" yog hais hauv qab no.

• Iris, feem ntau hu ua Toffee. Qhov no lub npe lawv tuaj mus nrog ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub XX xyoo pua nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg Fabkis pastry Morna, uas pom kev zoo sib thooj ntawm cov khoom qab zib nrog tej nplaim iris paj. Lawv yog ua los ntawm condensed mis nyuj, butter thiab qab zib thiab muaj tseem ceeb rau tej hauj lwm ntawm lub cev vitamin B _12. "Tuzik", "Kis-Kis", "Golden Ntsiab", "Mis ladybirds" - tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov khoom qab zib nyob rau hauv lub Soviet era. Daim ntawv teev cov butterscotch ces, raws li koj pom, yog me me.
• Qhob noom xim kasfes candies. Nyob rau hauv lub txhaws ntawm cov nram qab no yog distinguished:

- souffle, xws li cov "Noog cov kua mis", uas tseem hu ua ib tug "zoo kawg nkaus noog", "noog Bogorodskaya", "wintergreen" thiab lwm tus;

- roasted ceev yuav tau los ntawm lub crushed neeg rau sau qab zib, txiv hmab txiv ntoo phoov los yog zib mu. Cov no yog cov candies li "roasted ceev nyob rau hauv chocolate", "ci fairy taleas", "Strawberry Yam no hu ua ceev" thiab lwm yam;

- Praline - chocolate khoom qab zib uas muaj frayed nrog piam thaj thiab cocoa ceev tov nrog brandy los yog lwm yam tsw, "cos", "Babaevskie", "Shokonatka", "Juliet";

- liqueur muaj nyob hauv lub txuj lom khoom qab zib los ntawm cov piam thaj phoov los yog liqueur brandy "kua liqueur", "Qhob noom xim kasfes Dej cawv", "blue velvet";

- nyob rau hauv khoom qab zib nrog jelly filling nyob rau hauv ib tug txheej ntawm qhob noom xim kasfes yog tuab txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo jelly, "Lel", "yav qab teb Hmo ntuj", "os dej dawb", "Gulf" thiab lwm tus;

- "Qab zib" los yog khoom qab zib nrog fondant filling, derived ntawm cov mis nyuj, phoov, cream, qab zib, txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntsaws, thiab lwm yam, "Mia", "Rakhat", "Mev Hmo ntuj" thiab lwm tus;

- truffles - khoom kim heev chocolates npawv, muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb Fabkis cream - ganache. Nws yog tsim los ntawm butter, cream, qhob noom xim kasfes thiab ib tug ntau yam ntawm flavors. Cov txheej nto tej zaum yuav loj nrog crushed los yog hauv av ceev, los yog wafer ib qho kuam me me nrog cocoa hmoov.

chocolate keeb kwm

Hlub los ntawm ntau cov khoom qab zib chocolate nyob ua tsaug rau tus naas ej explorer - Hernando Cortez sab lub teb chaws Amelikas. Nws yog nws thiab nws tus khub tuaj rau teb chaws Europe cocoa taum thiab nkag tau Europeans rau qhob noom xim kasfes. Mlom Benzoni pab mus rau lub fact tias cov chocolates los ua ib tug kev siv kom muaj cov kev kho mob ntawm lub Mev huab tais, thiab tom qab nws thiab nws courtiers. Tom qab ntawd lub zam rau qhob noom xim kasfes khoom qab zib tau kis mus rau lwm lub teb chaws, qhov chaw uas influential neeg siv rau lawv raws li cov tshuaj. Txog thaum lub XVII xyoo pua Spain xwb confectioners chocolate thiab khoom qab zib tawm ntawm nws, thiab xa cov khoom qab zib rau ntau muaj koob muaj npe tsev hais plaub. Thaum lub sij hawm, ntawm daim card ntawm ua qhob noom xim kasfes khoom qab zib los ua lub npe hu rau lwm lub teb chaws, txawm li cas los, txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub XVII xyoo pua, lawv twb tau los ntawm txhais tes.

Zoo li khoom qab zib nyob rau hauv Russia?

Tus thawj confectionery Hoobkas rau zus tau tej cov chocolates twb qhib qhov kawg ntawm XVII xyoo pua Fabkis pastry kws ua zaub mov Davidom Shelli. Kom txog thaum lub XIX xyoo pua nyob rau hauv Russia muaj tsis muaj tus kheej zus tau tej cov khoom qab zib thiab khoom coj los ntawm txawv teb chaws, los yog npaj ib tug tshwj xeeb kws ua zaub mov nyob rau hauv lub chav ua mov nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm muaj nyiaj ua nom ua tswv. Tus thawj Lavxias teb sab confectionery Hoobkas tau qhib nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg xwb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo.

Raws li yav tas los hu ua khoom qab zib?

Raws li twb tau hais, kom txog thaum lub XIX xyoo pua, khoom qab zib los yog mas mus rau peb cov teb chaws los ntawm txawv teb chaws los yog ua nyob rau hauv tsev rau cov av thiab palaces ntawm lub nobles. Rau manufactured tsev uas piav txog cov npe muab khoom qab zib, nrog kev xav txog rau cov duab, npaj txoj kev, qhov tseem ceeb uas siv los ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nyob rau hauv phau ntawv "Tus Tshiab meej Lavxias teb sab Confectioner, los yog ncauj lus kom ntxaws confectionary phau ntawv txhais lus", luam tawm nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub XVIII xyoo pua nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, yog cov neeg rau peb funny npe khoom qab zib raws li Strawberry ncuav mog qab zib thiab txiv duaj ntsuab caramel, Jasmine candies thiab Anise qab zib txom ncauj Cherry Marzipan apricots thiab nyob rau hauv candies.

muaj title

Qhov qhib ntawm lub thawj Lavxias teb sab confectionery Hoobkas coj mus rau lub fact tias nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub XX xyoo pua, ib tug tswv tsev ntawm txawv ntau yam ntawm chocolates. Tus thawj lub sij hawm twb yeej los ntawm Fabkis zaub mov txawv thiab cov npe ntawm cov khoom qab zib, ib daim ntawv teev cov neeg uas yog tsis heev loj:

• "Baton de Grail";
• "Finshampan";
• "Creme de rizen";
• "Boule de-d";
• "Creme de nuazon";
• "Maron Praline" thiab lwm tus neeg.

Thaum lub sij hawm, lub Fabkis lub npe ntawm chocolates tau raug txhais ua Lavxias teb sab, thiab mus rau ntawm kev muag, tsim nyob rau hauv raws li Lavxias teb sab qauv sau ntawv, "Creamy Venus," "Miv tus nplaig", "Tawv leej", "Alarm". Cuaj kaum, nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, siv thiab ob hom lus cov npe ntawm cov khoom qab zib, xws li "studded nrog pearls los yog pearl Koriandor". Lavxias teb sab confectioners tshiab, tsim los ntawm lawv cov khoom qab zib, npe hu ua twb nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab thiab feem ntau siv cov npe txuam nrog cov dluab ntawm lub ncaj ncees txiv neej pw, "Sophie", "Marianne", "Lub siab heev poj ntsuam", "Fisherwoman", "Marsala". Muab thiab kev kawm series, xws li "Paub tsis meej." Nyob rau wrapper ntawm khoom qab zib muab tso yooj yim puzzle. Ua ntej mus rau lub revolutionary txheej xwm ntawm 1917 ua qhob noom xim kasfes series "Cov kev ua si", "thaj Atlas," "Tus neeg Siberia" thiab lwm tus neeg.

Soviet cov khoom qab zib

Txog thaum lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig ntawm 1917, koj yuav tau khoom qab zib "muaj koob muaj npe txiv pos" los yog "Tsar Fyodor Mikhailovich." Tom qab nws khoom qab zib npe tau hloov dramatically. Muag Khoom, caramel "Neeg pluag" thiab "cov tub rog liab," "Rauj thiab Sickle" thiab "peb kev lag luam". Txawm li cas los, chocolates yog feem ntau khaws cov Fabkis title: "Dern Cree", "Miniatures", "Chartreuse," "bergamot", "Peperment" thiab lwm tus neeg. Peb tsis tau muaj ideological rethinking xws nruab nrab npe, xws li "Hooj twm", "Scamps" thiab "luav". Soviet cov npe ntawm cov tshiab cov khoom qab zib muaj kev cuam tshuam tam sim no cov txheej xwm thiab achievements. Yog li ntawd nws twb ua nyob rau hauv lub 30s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo: "sib ntaus rau tus txheej txheem", "Nej yuav tsum npaj txhij", "Sabantuy", "Lub Milkmaid", "Chelyuskinites," "Heroes ntawm lub Arctic", "khiav ntawm cov dej khov."

Lub conquest ntawm qhov chaw los ntawm tus txiv neej nyob rau hauv lub 60-ies ntawm XX xyoo pua tau reflected nyob rau hauv cov tsos ntawm "Space" khoom qab zib thiab "Space". Nyob ib ncig ntawm tib lub sij hawm, nws tau los ua nrov los mus nkag rau hauv lub npe ntawm chocolates thiab xav tsis thoob npe ntawm phau ntawv cim: "Daus leej", "La Bayadere", "Blue noog", "Sadko", "Me ntsis liab caij Hood" thiab lwm tus neeg.