Hematology ntshav kuaj

Hematology - txoj kev kawm no, uas yog feem ntau cov kws kho qhov tus kws kho mob nyob rau hauv thawj

kev soj ntsuam ntawm tus neeg mob. Cov feem ntau yooj yim thiab yooj yim txoj kev ua tau los mus kawm txog cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab to taub nyob rau hauv uas cov kev taw qhia yuav tawm mus rau - mus pub yus cov ntshav rau hematology. Koj yuav tau ua qhov no nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov zog cov chaw kho mob, cov tsev kho mob thiab kev kho mob cov chaw them nyiaj rau.

Cov ntaub ntawv koj yuav tau txais?

Hematology - ib tug piav txog ntawm nws feem ntau tseem ceeb Cheebtsam, uas muab ib lub tswv yim ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm inflammatory thiab oncological dab.

Qhov tsom xam tshuaj xyuas tag nrho cov hlwb nyob rau hauv cov ntshav yog txiav txim los ntawm lawv cov loj, qhov hnyav, tus xov tooj thiab feem pua. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub ntsuas theem ntawm hemoglobin, hematocrit, thiab erythrocyte sedimentation tus nqi ceev.

Nws nqa tawm cov ntshav mus kuaj nyob rau hauv cov hematology analyzer.

Nrog rau cov kev tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev tshawb no tus kws kho mob yuav qhia tau yog tias zoo sib phim rau tus neeg mob txoj kev kho mob yog tsis tsim nyog, yog hais tias nws hloov li cas lawm thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, zoo li cas xyov koj xav kom hloov.

Major ntshav thiab lawv cov functions

Yuav ua li cas coj tau hematology?

Tag nrho cov kawm cell hom 3 - platelets, cov ntshav liab thiab qe ntshav dawb. tag nrho lawv muaj lawv lub hom phiaj thiab ua tau tej yam kev ua ub no.

leukocytes

Dawb ntshav - lub ntsiab ntshav defenders sib ntaus sib tua nrog tob tob teeb meem microorganisms. Nws yog cov qe ntshav dawb ntawm lub round daim ntawv nrog ib tug kev cai ntsiav. cov qe chaw zov me nyuam - tshwj xeeb ntshav, hu ua cov qog. Lawv yog cov tseem ceeb tej mus tiv thaiv hais sawv cev rau ib tug txaus ntshai.

Yog hais tias rau ib co yog vim li cas muaj nuj nqis los yog zoo ntawm cov ntshav dawb ntog, lub o o, uas kab mob yuav kis tau los ntawm lawv. Tiv thaiv decreases thiab tiv thaiv kab mob tshua yog slowed down.

Feem ntau, leukocytes yuav tsum 4,5-11 txhiab. / Ml. Cov no muaj xws variations thereof.

qe

Neutrophils, uas qhia occupies ntau tshaj 72% ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov ntshav dawb. Cov me me hlwb nyob mas nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev tib neeg, lawv qhia nyob rau hauv cov ntshav yog cov uas tsis muaj. Qhov no arrangement yog vim lub fact tias qe yuav tsum ua ntej tag nrho cov nrhiav ib qhov chaw kis tau kab mob los ntawm pathogenic cov kab mob thiab neutralize lawv.

Kom nyob rau hauv lawv cov xov tooj txhawb kab mob los yog fungal kab mob, inflammatory dab, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qog, hemorrhage, ntaub so ntswg raug mob, ib co tshuaj. Noj yog pom nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm tus kab mob no, lub koob tshuaj ntawm hluav taws xob.

eosinophils

Eosinophils raws tej yam tshuaj lom thiab lawv degradation khoom. Lawv txiav txim seb yuav ua li cas zoo yuav ntws qhov txhab kho neeg mob thiab lwm cov ntaub so ntswg puas zoo li li kuj mus allergens.

Tej laus los ntawm 1 mus rau 5% nyob rau hauv lub leukocyte mis. Nce eosinophil kaw nyob rau hauv ntau kev tsis haum tshuaj, helminthic infestations, kev loj hlob ntawm phem hlav, lub siab mob npuas paug thiab hnyuv ulcers.

Ib tug feature tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hlwb yog hais tias lawv ua rau kom nyob rau hauv kis kab mob qhia thaum pib ntawm tus neeg mob rov qab. Nws txo cov eosinophils nrog tag nrho cov havzoov ntawm lub cev, nquag kev nyuaj siab, tsis muaj cov pw tsaug zog, lub postoperative lub sij hawm.

basophils

Basophils yog cov tsawg tshaj plaws pab pawg neeg cov ntshav dawb, lawv yog ib tug me ntsis tsawg tshaj li 1% ntawm tag nrho cov, tab sis lawv yog cov loj tshaj. Vim hais tias ntawm cov hlwb nyob rau hauv lub cev tsis tau qhib kom ua huaj ntau allergens thiab lom hais, xws li tom qab kab tom.

High basophils txhaum tej zaum yuav tau triggered thaum uas cov theem ntawm lub qog hormones plab nyob rau hauv peptic rwj kab mob, hlau tsis muaj peev xwm. Lawv theem ntog thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub, lub hnub thaum ovulation tshwm sim, lub xub ntiag ntawm cua nab.

Cov nuj nqis kuj qhia hematology.

monocytes

Monocytes - hom oval leukocytes nrog ib tug homogeneous qauv. Lawv yog cov coob rau ib tug neeg laus - 3-11%. Nws yog zoo ntawm tshuaj, muab tawm qub hlwb thiab txav lub cev daig nyob rau hauv cov khib nyiab, raws li zoo raws li kev rhuav tseg ib Rev cov tshuaj antigens.

Qhov nce nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm monocytes sau tseg thaum lub sij hawm hauv chav kawm ntawm kis kab mob nyob rau hauv lub loj heev daim ntawv no, cov yuav txo tau - nyob rau hauv anemias ntawm txawv etiologies. Yog hais tias monocytes yuav luag tsis kuaj, ib tug yuav xav tias lub xub ntiag ntawm complex pathologies xws li leukemia los yog sepsis.

lymphocytes

Lymphocytes yog lub luag hauj lwm rau kev tswj lub cev ntawm cov theem, tej zaum yuav muaj ntau tshaj 10 xyoo, nqa lub cev nco. Uas yog vim li cas muaj ntau yam kab mob yuav rov qab tau ib zaug xwb nyob rau hauv ib tug lub neej. Nyob rau hauv lawv cov ntshav muaj txog 19-37%.

Nrog kev pab los ntawm lymphocytes no puas mutated hlwb cooj distorted ntaub ntawv. Txawm li cas los, cov ntse nce nyob rau hauv lawv cov xov tooj tej zaum yuav ua tau ib tug manifestation ntawm ib tug mob uas tsim nyob rau hauv lub hlwb pob txha. Ib me ntsis nce yog cai nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ntawm tus kab mob. lymphocyte tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau kab mob kab mob los yog nqaij hlav.

Ntawm no yog dab tsi theem hematology mus kuaj ntshav. Tab sis hais tias yog tsis yog txhua txhua.

erythrocytes

Ntshav liab - hlwb uas muaj ntshav oxygen ntau ntau thiab deducing carbon dioxide ua thaum lub sij hawm kev ua pa thiab cov ntshav ncig. Nrog lawv pab, kuj muab kev pab txhawb ntxiv ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg as-ham. Muab cov pa pauv yog nqa tawm ntawm hemoglobin, uas muaj cov ntshav liab. Yog hais tias nws yog tsis txaus, tej zaum yuav tuaj hypoxia.

Liab ntshav yooj yim heev compressed thiab yuav raug hloov mus rau 3 lub sij hawm. Cov cai nyob rau hauv cov ntshav rau cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam yog 4-5 mln. / Cu. hli thiab 3.7-4.7 mln. / cu. hli feem. Yog hais tias lawv yog tus neeg rog, nws hais txog cov teeb meem nrog rau ob lub raum, lub cev qhuav dej, muaj ib tug mob, eritremii. Tau txais corticosteroid npaj kuj pab cov theem ntawm cov ntshav liab.

Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los mus txiav txim lub hematology mus kuaj ntshav.

Lawv theem txo vim muaj ntau yam anemias, nyob rau hauv lub nyuam lub sij hawm thiab tshaj kua nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg.

platelets

Platelets muab vascular phab ntsa thiab ntaub so ntswg ntawm tus kab mob muaj peev xwm nyob twj ywm lawm, kom lawv regenerative muaj peev xwm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, vim lawv tej khoom mus occlude cov hlab ntsha, los ntshav nres, cov ntshav coagulates.

Platelets tau lo ua ke tsis tsuas yog cov lawv tus kheej tab sis kuj nrog lwm lub hlwb, uas yog tseem ceeb heev rau kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Tom qab sib nplaum pathogenic platelet hlwb puas lawm, tua kuj yog ib tug qhov chaw ntawm kev txaus ntshai. Qhov no feature siv hauv tib lub cev los tuav ua ke cov leeg thiab leeg tshav hlwb.

Ntawm no yog ib co tuav Hematological kev kuaj ntshav. Cai - 180-320 txhiab units / ml ... Yog hais tias nws yog ntau zog, ces muaj ib tug tau ntawm tuberculosis, leukemia, cancer dab nyob rau hauv daim siab thiab ob lub raum, mob caj dab, enteritis, mob kab mob exacerbation, ceev kev nyuaj siab, intoxication, anemia.

Yog hais tias tsawg dua li ib txwm platelet tau cov kab mob xws li kab mob siab, lub siab puas thiab hlwb pob txha, tshaj thiab tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm lub qog cov tshuaj hormones, haus dej caw thiab ntev siv tej yam tshuaj.

Hauj lwm ntawm lwm yam kev ntsuas nyob rau hauv lub tsom xam

Yuav ua li cas lwm tus muaj peev xwm txiav txim seb lub hematology ntshav kuaj no? Txiav suab ntawm cov yog heev yooj yim.

Tom qab kev kawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no rau koj cov ntshav nyob rau hauv kab yuav tsum hematocrit. Qhov no yog qhov feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov ntshav thiab ntshav. Feem ntau, qhov no tus xov tooj yog nyob rau hauv lub txwv ntawm 39-49%, yog sau npe me ntsis variations, qhov no yog tsis muaj yog vim li cas mus rau qhov scrutiny, raws li qhov no qhia uas yuav tsum tau tsuas yog rau cov general tuav.

Tseem ceeb nce los yog txo nyob rau hauv hais tias muaj ib qho teeb meem nrog rau qhov nyiaj ntawm tej ntshav. High hematocrit yog feem ntau pom thaum lub sij hawm heev tsis muaj oxygen los yog dej nyob rau hauv lub cev nqaij, cov ntshav ntawm ntau yam kab mob thiab lub raum. Tsis tshua muaj hematocrit yuav ua tau thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub, anemia, kua overload.

Heev tuav Hematological kev kuaj ntshav. Seev suab rau cov neeg laus thiab cov me nyuam yog zoo sib xws, tab sis muaj ib co sib txawv.

Nws tseem ceeb heev los mus xyuas lub erythrocyte sedimentation nqi - ESR. Feem ntau, nws yuav tsum tau 1-12 hli / h nyob rau cov tub los ntxhais thiab muaj hnub nyoog. Siab dhau heev lawm ESR yam ntxwv rau Oncology thiab o ntawm ntau yam keeb kwm, mob raum los sis hormonal tsis txaus tshwm sim los ntawm, xws li cov hnub thiab lactation, coj khaub los ntshav. MA ceev dauv ntau feem ntau thaum coagulation teeb meem no thiab ceev cov ntshav, uas muaj peev xwm ua rau pheej los ntshav - hemophilia.

Qhia tag nrho cov tseem ceeb yuav Hematology mus kuaj ntshav. Decryption yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tshwj xeeb.

xaus

Self seev suab Hematological ntshav tsom xam yuav siv tau rau qhov kev luj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv xwb. Tag nrho cov kev xav thiab lo lus uas peb yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsuas yog tus kws kho mob raws li hais tus mob tej zaum yuav lwm yam kev kuaj thiab kev kuaj.

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tiv thaiv tau cov kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam kab mob los yog ntes lawv nyob rau ntawm ib thaum ntxov rau theem, xws li ib tsom xam yog pom zoo kom yuav tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li ib xyoo rau cov neeg laus qeb ntawm cov pejxeem, txhua txhua rau lub hlis, cov me nyuam thiab cov neeg laus. Deciphering Hematological tsom xam yuav pab tiv thaiv kom txhob advanced ntaub ntawv ntawm cov pathologies.