Gladilin Anatoly Tikhonovich: Biography

Gladilin Anatoly Tihonovich - ib tug sawv cev ntawm lub thiaj li hu anti-Soviet prose. Nws txoj hauj lwm muaj tswv yim pib thaum xyoo 1965 nrog cov ntawv "Lub Vaj Keeb Kwm ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm Victor Podgursky." Nyob rau hauv "thaw" xyoo, nws lub npe thundered nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg. Gladilin tej hauj lwm sawv nrog cov phau ntawv ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv xws li Aksenov, Okudzhava, Voznesensky, Yevtushenko, thiab Akhmadulina.

Biography

Gladilin Anatoly Tihonovich yug hauv 1935 hauv Moscow. Nws kawm nyob rau ntawm lub Koom Haum Sau. Gorky, tab sis tsis tas nws. Tom qab thawj zaug ua haujlwm tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv "Cov Hluas", muaj qhov ntev ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Kuj zoo, tus kws sau ntawv tau txais lus caw mus rau ntawv xov xwm Moskovsky Komsomolets, uas nws tau sau cov khoom rau ib lub sij hawm luv luv.

Gladilin Anatoliy Tihonovich ua hauj lwm rau ob peb lub xyoo nyob rau hauv lub editorial zaj duab xis studio. Kev ntshai. Nyob rau hauv lub sixties, tus kws sau ntawv pib qhia nws tus kheej thiab raws li ib tug nquag pej xeem lub cev. Piv txwv li, nws tau hais rau hauv kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv Sinyavsky thiab Daniel thaum lub sij hawm ib lub rooj sib hais nrov nrov.

Hauv xyoo 1972, Gladilin Anatoly Tikhonovich tau luam tawm phau ntawv "Forecast for Tomorrow." Ob peb xyoos tom qab tus kws sau ntawv tau mus tsev lawm. Ntau tshaj peb caug xyoo nws nyob hauv Fabkis.

Tus kws sau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo

Thaum lub sij hawm thaw, thaum cov ntawv nyeem tsuas yog lub zog rau cov neeg Soviet, Gladilin's prose occupied ib qho chaw me me. Nyob rau hauv lub sixties lub magazine "Hluav Taws Xob" tshuav nws txoj kev vam meej mus rau cov neeg sau npe nrov, uas nws ua hauj lwm tom qab dhau los ua cov chav kawm ntawv. Lub tswv yim ntawm lub hero ntawm qhov tsab xov xwm no sai sai tsis nco qab lawm los ntawm nws cov neeg sib tw.

Gladilin Anatoly Tikhonovich, uas nws phau ntawv sau txog keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo thiab kaum xya (nyuaj rau kev tshaj tawm txoj haujlwm, kev tuaj yeem), hauv nws cov phau ntawv nrhiav kom teb cov lus nug txog kev nyob rau lub sij hawm no nyuaj yam tsis rov hais dua txog nws cov yawg. "Txoj Moo Zoo ntawm Robespierre" yog ib qho tshiab rau cov neeg tua neeg. Cov hauj lwm kawg sau hauv Soviet Union - "Huab cua Forecast" - tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv Yelemes. Gladilin Anatoly Tikhonovich, uas nws cov phau ntawv pib tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov rau kaum, feem ntau piv nrog tus kws sau ntawv Françoise Sagan.

Cov tub ntxhais hluas sau

Thawj cov hauj lwm ntawm Gladilin, uas tau enjoyed los ntawm Soviet nyeem ntawv, tau sau thaum tus sau yog nyuam qhuav muaj nees nkaum. Nws muab piv rau Fabkis cov kws sau ntawv Sagan. Tom qab tag nrho, txoj kev sau ntawm tus kws sau ntawv kuj pib heev thaum ntxov: ntawm kaum xya. Txawm li cas los, qhov txawv yog nyob rau hauv cov nqi. Sagan tau txais ib qho nyiaj loj heev rau nws thawj thawj zaug. Nws yuav muaj nyob rau hauv yav tom ntej heev zoo, yog tias tsis yog ib qho kev phem thiab txoj kev ua neej tsis ncaj. Gladilin kuj tau txais rau nws cov hauj lwm debut "Chronicle ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm Victor Podgursky" pennies.

Tus kws sau ntawv tsis nyiam los ntawm Soviet

Gladilin Anatoly Tikhonovich, uas nws ua haujlwm tau ua rau resonance hauv lub sixties, ua raws li cov kev xav uas censors hu ua "antipatriotic." Nws paub tias tus kws sau ntawv no nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas xyoo coj ib lub neej kaj siab thiab kev nplua nuj. Nws paub txog cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv ua yeeb yam thiab xinesmas. Ntawm nws cov phooj ywg ze yog Marina Vladi, leej twg nyob hauv thawj xyoo ntawm nws nyob rau hauv Soviet Union, ua ntej nws paub lub naivete ntawm nws romantic kev ntseeg, ib zaug nug tus prose kws sau ib lo lus nug rhetorical: "Yog vim li cas koj thiaj li anti-Soviet?". Thiaj li yuav teb rau nws, nws tsim nyog yuav tsum yug thiab loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no. Tab sis txawm tias feem ntau tau txais lub tswv yim, Gladilin yeej tsis yog ib tug dissident. Nws tsis tau npau suav ntawm rhuav tshem Soviet regime thiab ntseeg hais tias nws yog ib txhis.

Thawj mus rau sab hnub poob

Rau ib tug txiv neej uas tau ua nws lub neej tom qab "Hlau Kab Hlau", Tebchaws Europe tau ua rau thaj av uas tau cog lus cia lawm. Nyob rau hauv 1962 ib pab pawg neeg ntawm Soviet sau ntawv mus xyuas Paris. Raws li ib feem ntawm nws yog Gladilin. Cov neeg sau tau raug saib los ntawm KGB. Lawv tau coj mus rau "lub nroog cov neeg nyiam" raws li cov lus qhia nruj heev. Txawm tias tsis tu ncua xyuas, tus kws sau ntawv tau xav tsis thoob. Paris tau tshwm sim rau nws lub vaj kaj siab tiag. Thiab tsuas yog tom qab xyoo Gladilin pom tau hais tias nws yog ib yam mus xyuas lub nroog no raws li ib tug neeg mus ncig tebchaws, heev lwm - nyob ntawm no.

Kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw

Zoo li ntau lwm cov neeg sau ntawv ntawm ob feem ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, Gladilin raug yuam tawm hauv lub tebchaws kom tsis txhob raug ntes. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam hauj lwm hauv nws lub rooj tias Soviet censorship yuav tsis tau tsis tuaj. Tus kws sau ntawv tau mus tsev. Tab sis xyoo tom qab nws tau tuaj yeem hais tias yog nws paub txog lub tom ntej perestroika, nws yuav tsis tawm hauv Soviet Union. Nyob rau sab hnub poob, muaj kev ywj pheej. Cov ntawv ua haujlwm hauv Paris tsis raug censored. Tab sis tsis muaj neeg nyeem.

Nyob rau hauv Paris, Gladilin yuam nws tus kheej kom tsis nco qab hais tias nws yog ib tug neeg sau npe nrov. Nws tau txais txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub koom haum Radio Liberty. Cov kws sau ntawv ntawm cov kws sau ntawv yog cov neeg sau ntawv uas yog Xees Phos uas tau tawm ntawm cov pawg neeg Soviet Union ib zaug. Kev sau xov xwm fascinated Gladilin. Cov ntawv tseeb tau ploj mus rau tom qab.

Phau ntawv

Hauv tsev Gladilin tswj tau tsim peb txoj haujlwm. Ntawm lawv - keeb kwm zaj dab neeg "Npau suav ntawm lub Shlisselburg Fortress". Lub protagonist ntawm cov phau ntawv yog Ippolit Myshkin, leej twg ua ib qho kev sim coj Chernyshevsky los ntawm Siberia. Nyob rau hauv Soviet Union, tus tshiab "The Secret of Zhenya Sidorov" tau luam tawm.

Hauv Paris, Gladilin sau tau "Hnub Kawg", "Cypress Under the Snow" thiab ntau yam kev ua yeeb yam.

Lwm phau ntawv los ntawm Gladilin:

1. "Haus luam yeeb nyob rau hauv ob lub qhov muag."
2. "Mus ncig ua lag luam mus ib txhis."
3. "Cov ntaj ntawm Tamerlane."
4. Tus duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm Horseman.
5. "Txoj kev ntawm cov generals."

Koj tus kheej lub neej

Anatoly Tikhonovich tau mus rau emigration nrog nws tus poj niam Gladilin. Tus kws sau ntawv tsev neeg, txawm li ntawd los, nws tsis yog ib leeg. Thaum nws tawm hauv USSR, nws tus kheej lub neej yog tsis totaub. Ob peb xyoos tom qab nws tuaj txog Fabkis, Gladilin ntsib nrog nws tus poj niam laus. Ob peb lub hlis tom qab ntawd nws muab tawm tias nws tau cia siab rau tus menyuam mos. Tus kws sau ntawv tuaj yeem nqa tawm ntawm Soviet Union thiab nws. Hnub no Gladilin yog lub taub hau ntawm ib tsev neeg loj. Tus kws sau ntawv tau muaj ob tug ntxhais los ntawm kev sib yuav sib txawv, cov xeeb ntxwv. Los ntawm lub sijhawm dhau los, nws mus xyuas nws lub teb chaws thiab txaus siab muab kev xam phaj rau cov neeg sau xov xwm Lavxias.