Geological ntoo khaub lig-section

Geological kev tshawb fawb muaj xws li kev kawm txog cov geologic thiab tectonic qauv ntawm loj cheeb tsam (qhov chaw ntawm kev ua hauj lwm qhov chaw). Kev tshawb fawb puv stratigraphy (ib theem zuj zus ntawm tshwm sim ntawm geological formations), genesis (keeb kwm) thiab lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov pob zeb ua li lub ntiaj teb sheath nyob rau hauv qhov chaw qaib cov kev tshawb fawb.

Cov qhabnias ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb uas qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm geological maps. Geological daim ntawv qhia qhia nyob rau hauv cov duab daim ntawv raws li nyob rau hauv lub topographical scale geological qauv ntawm cov kaub puab feem rau cov kab rov tav dav hlau hauv ib lub qhov chaw kawm. Thaum ceg txheem ntseeg yog thov nyob rau hauv tag nrho nrog sij geological ntaub ntawv. Geological seem yog cov tsis tshua tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob qhov twg pob zeb rau saum toj ntawm kaw haib av-zaub txheej uas niaj hnub tus txiv neej-ua formations.

Geological seem yog graphically ntsug seem ua kiav txhab ntawm ib tug tob unsealed Wells los yog tsuas. Nws yog ib tug yuav tsum Nkij los txuam rau cov geological daim ntawv qhia. Geological seem illuminates lithological seem thickness kawm, lub hwj chim khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, lawv txoj hauj lwm, qauv, geological lub cev, pob zeb uas muaj hnub nyoog, txoj hauj lwm ntawm qib ntawm av.

Yog xav tau ib tug undistorted inforomatsii geological qauv nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo mus rau lub nyem ntawm qhov teev tus nqi ntawm cov kab rov tav qhov chaw (daim ntawv qhia teev) thiab cov ntsug (txiav tawm) yuav tsum yog tib yam. Tab sis rau cov qauv siv los ntawm kev tsim kho tej yaam num (txoj kev, dams, vaj tse) tus ntsug scale ntawm lub geological seem yog nce nyob rau hauv kaum thiab pua pua ntawm lub sij hawm.

Geological seem ua raws tej kab nqa nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia thoob plaws lub strike (nyob) lub geological lug. Ib txoj kab yog twv los ntawm cov ntsiab lus, uas sawv cev rau zoo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia. Yog xav paub ntxiv txog lub geological qauv ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua kiav txhab nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam tshawb fawb ntawm cov geological seem kab tej zaum yuav ua tau ib tug tawg kab.

Rau cov kev siv ntawm cov nqe lus pib teeb ntawv rebuilt topographic profile, nqa tej elevations. Txiav txim seb qhov nruab nrab qhov siab ntawm lub cheeb tsam thiab nqa tawm ib kab rov tav (zero) kab nyob rau ntawm no altitude. Nyob rau profile thov dej qhov chaw thiab nws txo qis los ntawm cov ntsiab lus perpendiculars mus rau lub xoom kab. Txhua perpendicular mus rau ib tug kab nyob rau hauv uas koj xav mus tso saib ib tug geological seem ntawm lub qhov dej, siv online ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv tej kab kuj thov rau cov ntsiab lus uas muaj ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kev qhia txog ntawm tej yam ntuj tso outcrops ntawm cov kaub puab. Ces tsim geological seem, txuas rau ciam teb kab (hauv qab thiab saum toj) ntawm pob zeb khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, zoo tib yam lithology thiab muaj hnub nyoog. Yuav kom tsim ib tug geological seem yog muaj tseeb, ua tib zoo kawm hauv daim ntawv qhia, qhia cov yam ntxwv hais, lub hom pob zeb ntaub pua chaw pw, faults.

Engineering thiab geological ntoo khaub lig-section ntawm qhov sib txawv geological ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv uas piav qhia txog lub cev thiab txhua yam khoom ntawm xau thiab muaj zog ntawm cov txheej txheem. Engineering ntsuam xyuas tej thaj chaw rau qhov kev siv ntawm tej vaj tse, lug yuav tsum tau tsis tsuas geological ntaub ntawv nrog tus yam ntxwv pob zeb ntawm lawv lub zog, dej cov ntsiab lus, tab sis kuj cov lus qhia txog cov kev hloov ntawm lub geological ib puag ncig - noj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab phenomena: te heave av, Karst, landslides, muab faib rau ib qho av, hauv qab av regime, av salinity, corrosiveness ntawm av thiab nqhuab rau ua vaj tse, hlau, thiab ntau dua. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm geological engineering daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas los mus txiav txim cov kauj ruam yuav tsum tau muab rau cov stability thiab durability lub tsev chaw.