Gafur Gulam: biography thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug

Gafur Gulam - kws sau paj lug thiab txawj sau ntawv, ib tug passionate fighter rau kev phooj ywg, kev zoo siab, thiab kev thaj yeeb ntawm haiv neeg. Nws cov kwv huam, dab neeg, novels thiab kwv huam txhais ua ntau tshaj 30 haiv lus, thiab tshaj lub "mischief" luag yuav luag txhua txhua Soviet pej xeem.

Gafur Gulam: biography

Poet yug rau hauv ib tug pluag pluag tsev neeg nyob rau hauv 27 Plaub Hlis Ntuj (raws li ib txhia qhov chaw, 10 Tej zaum) nyob rau hauv lub capital ntawm Uzbekistan, 1903 - Tashkent. Gafur Gulam (lub npe tiag tiag), txawm nws cov hauv paus, raws li tau zoo raws li tag nrho cov neeg ntawm tsev neeg, txawv los ntawm high sab ntsuj plig thiab kev kawm ntawv. Leej Txiv Mirza Ghulam Arif yog ib tug zoo-nyeem txiv neej, thiab nws sau paj huam. Mukimi, Furkat, Khislat twb nquag qhua ntawm lawv lub tsev.

Raws li rau leej niam ntawm tus kws sau paj lug Tash Bibi, nws, xws li nws tus txiv, yog tsis muaj ab tsi rau cov paj huam thiab composing dab neeg. Tsaug rau literate cov niam txiv rau cov me nyuam ntawm cov tsev neeg sai sai kawm nyeem ntawv. Txawm li ib tug me nyuam Gafur Ghulam nyeem Farsi tej hauj lwm ntawm Alisher Navoi, Saadi thiab Hafiz. Ib tug me nyuam tub ntawd sau nws thawj thawj zaj paj huam thiab tsom rau leej niam zoo li cas rau tus poj niam hais tias, nco ntsoov sab laj thiab qhia nws tej txuj ci nrog nws tus txiv.

Cov tsis ntawm ib tug breadwinner

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm 1912, nws txiv Ghulam aka rov qab los tsev npaum li cas lawm tshaj li niaj zaus. Nws dhia ua npaws thiab nws lub cev hlawv. Tash Bibi tau muab tso rau nws tus txiv mus pw, txawm lig los plhws cov neeg muaj mob yaj rog, thiab haus dej haus kub herbal tshuaj yej. Thoob plaws hauv lub hmo ntuj tus txiv neej twb zawm thiab hnoos hnyav ncawv. Hu rau ib tug kws kho mob twb tsis tau raws li nws yog tsis nyob rau hauv lub mahalla. Tus kab mob yog aggravated los ntawm lub fact tias nyob rau hauv lub tsev qub qub, nyob rau hauv lub nraum, yeej ib txwm tau damp. Tom qab ib tug ob peb hnub, lub tsev neeg poob rau hauv lub taub hau ntawm tsev neeg, thiab tsib cov me nyuam tau orphaned. Lub hiob nyob rau lub sij hawm yog 9 xyoo thiab yau - tsuas yog rau lub hlis.

Tom qab ntawd Gafur Ghulam qhia hais tias mus yeej ib txwm nco ntsoov cov kwv huam, quaj rau nws niam, uas sab laug sau ntawv rau lub ntiaj teb no 44-xyoo-laus tus txiv:

"... Cov plaub hau dub rau kuv pob muag poob.
Kuv lub plawv yog nyob rau hauv kev tu siab, nyob rau hauv kev zoo siab nyob rau hauv disgrace,
Yog hais tias koj thov kom kuv ua li cas rau kuv - kuv yuav teb tias:
- sib cais berries noj kuv tau txais ... "

Tab sis qhov teeb meem tsis tau tsev neeg sai tuag thiab nws niam. Thiab Gafoor pib besprizornichat. Kuv sim nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm professions. Nws twb mus ib me nyuam lub tsev. Kuv mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub printing khw raws li ib tug typesetter thiab cuv npe kawm nyob rau hauv tus kws qhia ntawv kawm cov kev kawm.

Tus thawj ntawv nyob rau hauv xovxwm thiab ib tug phem sib yuav

Nyob rau hauv 1919, tom qab kawm tiav rau xyoo los ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv kawm cov kev kawm, Gafur Gulam tau txais ib txoj hauj lwm ntawm ib tug thawj lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tus kws qhia ntawv tsis tau tsuas yog qhia rau cov me nyuam, tab sis kuj mus rau lwm qhov chaw rau cov rooj sib tham nrog cov phooj ywg thiab npoj yaig.

Yuav kom pab txhawb lub me nyuam ntsuag lub neej txiv neej, cov kwv tij tau txiav txim siab mus yuav nws. Tsis muaj leej twg mloog resistances txiv neej, thiab tau sai ua si ib tug coj kab tshoob nrog ib tug hluas nkauj los ntawm ib tug nyob sib ze mahalla. Tsis ntev Kholida yug tus ntxhais, tab sis txoj kev sib yuav twb nyob rau hauv kev sib nrauj.

Cov paj huam nrog rau nws lub taub hau mus rau hauv pej xeem lub neej thiab creativity. Leej twg paub tus kheej txog lub kev nyuaj siab ntawm lub neej ib tug tub ntsuag, Gafur Gulam ua ib tug ntawm cov organizers ntawm lub sib ntaus tawm tsam tsis muaj tsev nyob hauv lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv 1923 nws tau raug tsa taub hau ntawm lub nce tsev kawm ntawv. Thaum tsaus ntuj, thaum lub chaw pib ntawm 15 lag twb yog me nyuam ntsuag, nws twb sau ib zaj paj huam hais tias tom qab ib co sij hawm nws tau los ua tus thawj ntawv nyob rau hauv xovxwm.

txawj sau ntawv cov me nyuam

Lub neej tsis sawv tseem, Gafur koom tes nrog rau ntau cov phau ntawv Magazine, tau ntsib nrog sib txawv tswv yim neeg, sau ntawv. Thiab nws ntog nyob rau hauv kev hlub nrog ib tug ntawm cov viv ncaus uas tus hluas txawj sau ntawv Mukhitdin Hayrullaeva - Muharram. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg 1931, cov lovers sib sau ua ke lawv destinies, raws li nws muab tawm, mus ib txhis. Hluas muaj nyuaj nyob rau hauv txhua hnub lus, tab sis tus hluas tus poj niam yog ib tug zoo neeg tu vajtse thiab nws tsis hwm tus txiv freed los ntawm domestic teeb meem. Nws to taub hais qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws ua hauj lwm.

Cov phooj ywg tsev neeg ntawm cov me nyuam pib tshwm.

Thawj - Ulugbek Guliamov - yug nyob rau hauv 1933, nyob rau 1 Lub kaum hli ntuj. Nws ua hauj lwm raws li tus thawj coj ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Nuclear Physics, sib nug xov tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Academy ntawm Sciences thiab ib tug nuclear physicist ntawm lub USSR. Nws tuag nyob rau hauv 1990, nyob rau lub peb hlis ntuj 15.

Tsib xyoos tom qab, nyob rau hauv 1938, muaj ib tug me nyuam ntxhais Olmos, nws los ua ib tug journalist.

Mirza Abdul Qadir Guliamov (raws li tau zoo raws li tus tij laug hlob, Kev Kawm Ntawv nuclear physicist) yug nyob rau hauv 1945, nyob rau 17 Lub ob hlis ntuj. Nws yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Academy ntawm Sciences ntawm Uzbekistan, tus thawj coj ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Physics ntawm lub hnub, thiab ces, los ntawm 2000 mus 2005, thawj pej xeem kev tiv thaiv minister ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Uzbekistan.

Lub xyoo 1947 twb cim los ntawm cov tsos ntawm ib tug tub - Hondamir, uas tom qab los ua ib tug historian.

Nyob rau hauv 1950 nws tau yug los tus ntxhais yau - Toshhon uas Gafur npe nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm nws niam. Toshhon yuav tsis txaj muag ntawm nws niam nws txiv thiab kom abreast ntawm tus naas ej tsev neeg. Nws los ua ib tug biologist thiab nws doctoral degree.

Kuv yuav tsum hais tias ib tug ntxhais ntawm nws tus thawj sib yuav Kholida ua ntej nws sib yuav thiab nyob nyob rau hauv nws txiv lub tsev.

creation

Paj Huam thiab prose feemxyuam txawj sau ntawv - yog lub embodiment ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Uzbek neeg. Lawv hais rau tag nrho cov ills ntawm lub neej thiab kev xyiv fab. Ib tug tseem ceeb heev luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv Uzbekistan ua si Gafur Gulam hauj lwm sau nyob rau hauv lub postwar lub sij hawm. Muaj ob peb cov neeg uas tseem tsis muaj ab tsi rau nws tsim yaam tshab, "Kuv yog ib tug neeg Yudais," "Tos rau koj, kuv tus tub," thiab "Koj nyob nraum tsis ib tug tub ntsuag."

Nyob rau hauv wartime paj huam Gafur Gulam twb tau sau nrog txoj kev xav thiab kev xav ntawm cov neeg uas tau coj mus caj npab. Thiab tom qab uas lub ob ntiaj teb rog nws cov kwv huam yog tag nrho ntawm tus cwj pwm txawv thiab kev puas hlwb tig ntawm cov neeg uas nyob rau ib lub sij hawm advocated kev kaj siab rau lub ntiaj teb. Yog li, lub post-tsov rog paj huam - ib tug continuation ntawm cov tub rog, thiab txuas cov ob yooj yim sij hawm tshwm sim 2 zaj paj huam: "Nco ntsoov, koj yog tos rau lub motherland" thiab "tsiab peb caug ntawm lub winners."

honors

Nws thawj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov khoom ntawm lub magazine "Maorif Ukituvchi Islands" nyob rau hauv 1923. Nws yog nyob rau hauv phau ntawv no, nws tau teev tseg raws li Gafur Ghulam. Khoom plig rau kev sau ntawv ua si, nws tau txais ntau npaum li cas tom qab ntawd. Nyob rau hauv 1946, lub kws sau paj lug ua lub khiav ntawm lub Stalin nqi zog. Tom qab lwm 3 Kev txiav txim ntawm Lenin, 2 - Liab Banner of Labor (1939 thiab 1963.), "paib tiv npe ntawm yawm" thiab ntau medals. Nyob rau lub xeem paj huam sau nyob rau hauv 1970 nws tau txais lub Lenin nqi zog (posthumously).

Gafur Gulam, "mischief-txiag" (Txoj kev)

Muaj ntau tej hauj lwm tau lawm devoted rau cov me nyuam. Cov feem nrov thiab vam meej yog tus tshiab "mischief-txiag" ( "Shum Bola", 1936-1962 gg.), Qhov twg tus hero qhia zaj dab neeg txog nws tragic lub neej.

Tus tub khiav deb ntawm lub tsev mus rau nws tus phauj tom qab nws niam rau txim rau qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom los ntawm lub tsev. Tab sis txawm nyob ntawm no, nws tau ua raws li los ntawm tsis ua hauj lwm: los ntawm lub caij nws tua nws tus txiv ntxawm, quail, thiab nws yuav tsum tau tawm lub tsev no. Yog li pib nws hobo lub neej, hais txog tej uas nws qhia rau nws cov txawj nyeem ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, cov khoom ntawm "mischief-txiag" - yog cov dab neeg uas tus neeg sau txoj thaum yau. Cov zaj dab neeg ntawm yuav ua li cas, ib tug tub ntsuag, nws yog nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov mus txog rau thaum yav tsaus ntuj taug lub plua plav txoj kev ntawm Tashkent, tsis yog los tsuam chaw so tawm thiab eagerly coj li tej lub sij hawm mus khwv tau nyiaj ntxiv.

Tab sis kev lom zem ntawv tseeb thiab inexhaustible lub tswv yim ua tsis zoo me nyuam tub li legendary Nasreddin - Uzbek lus dab neeg hero. Nws yog pleev xim rau bully lom zem. Nyob rau hauv nws muaj sayings, paj lug, sib piv. Lub protagonist yog nyob los ntawm lub tswv yim zoo nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no "los ntawm cov cunning luag stoklyshki".

Tus kws sau ntawv tau teem txhoj puab txoj kev xav thiab kev paub, los qhia lub puab xeev siab. Tag nrho cov uas yog piav nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg: tus txheej xwm, yam, uas yog dab tsi puag ncig lub hero - tsim rau cov lus qhib ntawm ntsuas txoj kev xav ntawm cov me txiv neej.

Tsev-tsev cia puav pheej

Nws yog tsim los nyob rau hauv 1983. Hloov tshiab tib lub sij hawm rau hav zoov tshwm sim ob zaug. Nyob rau hauv 1988 thiab 1998 lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntaub ntawv tau Iwj nrog tshiab pov thawj ntawm lub chaw thiab thov ntawm cov kws sau paj lug thiab nws ua hauj lwm. Thawj coj ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej - tus ntxhais ntawm tus kws Olmos Gafurovna.

Nws yog nyob rau hauv ib tug ob-storey tsev loj, qhov twg los 1944 mus 1946 nws nyob thiab ua hauj lwm kws sau paj lug Gafur Ghulam. Nyob rau hauv nws cov phab ntsa hauv lub tsev-tsev cia puav pheej tsev memorial thiab txawj exposition.

Peb halls ntawm cov thawj pem teb yog mob siab rau lub neej thiab lub ntsiab tswv yim lub sij hawm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug. 1st thiab 2nd chav qhia cov qhua txog cov me nyuam tseem yau thiab hluas ntawm tus naas ej countryman, ua nws raws li ib tug kws sau paj lug thiab, ntawm chav kawm, tej chaw uas tau pom cov paj huam nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm ob ntiaj teb rog. Peb yuav tau tham txog lub npe nrov paj huam "Koj tsis yog ib tug tub ntsuag" thiab tus tshiab "mischief-txiag", txhais ua ntau yam lus.

Tshwj xeeb sawv ntsia rau hauv av pem teb, qhia rau peb txog nws ua hauj lwm thiab neeg txhais lus kev ua si ntawm academician. Qhov kawg chav tsev yog ib tug rog xav txog ntawm lub teb chaws paub thiab hlub. Nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm Gafur Gulam npe hu xov lub chaw nres tsheb (Tashkent), tsev cia puav pheej (Kokand), rau cov uas qhov kws sau paj lug tau ua qee ntawm ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib lub tsev, ib tug ua si chaw ua si (Tashkent) thiab ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws txawj ntawv nyob rau hauv Uzbekistan. Nws kuj muaj ntaub ntawv nrog 90- thiab 95-xyoo hnub tseem ceeb ntawm nws yug los, uas yog dav lom nyob rau hauv nws teb koj chaw.

Lub memorial complex yog nyob rau hauv lub thib ob hauv pem teb. Chaw ua hauj lwm, kev ua si chav tsev thiab ib tug nyob chav tsev tseem kom ib co ntawm cov kws sau paj lug tsev neeg yam khoom. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv koj yuav nrhiav tau tej hauj lwm nrog nws autographs thiab cov phau ntawv uas Gafur Gulam tau txais raws li ib tug khoom plig los ntawm cov khub sau ntawv.

Tsev khaws puav pheej Chaw nyob: koom pheej ntawm Uzbekistan, Tashkent nroog, txoj kev Arpapaya, 1 (landmark - Music Mukimi ua yeeb yam nyob ze Besh-Agach). Qhib sij hawm - txhua txhua hnub los ntawm 10:00 mus 17:00. Hnub tawm - Monday.

hnub no

Park "Gafoor Ghulam" nyob rau hauv Tashkent (daim duab qhia hauv qab no) - ib qho ntawm qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv Uzbekistan, twb yeej nyob rau hauv 1967, thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev siv Chilanzar. Qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov nyiam nyiaj so koobtsheej destinations tsis tau tsuas yog cov neeg hauv zos, tab sis kuj tourists thiab qhua mus rau lub capital.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, ntsuab, huv si thiab zoo-khaws cia chaw ua si dhau mus ua ib tug cawm tsam los ntawm lub scorching hnub rau me ntsis fidgets.

Thaum lub sij hawm uas tib txoj kev hlub lub tiaj ua si "Gafur Gulyam" nyob rau hauv Tashkent? Cov me nyuam - rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm attractions, kev lom zem thiab carefree cua; cov neeg laus - rau coolness los ntawm lub pas dej, thiab tus duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov ntoo ib nrab ib xyoo pua; Enamored khub niam txiv thiab cov tub ntxhais niam - rau nyob ntsiag to ces kaum nrog tus kheej.

Yuav ua li cas yog nthuav yog lub tiaj ua si?

• Ib tug me me zoo thiab ib tug Ferris log.
• Niaj hnub nimno attractions rau cov me nyuam thiab cov laus pheej yig tus nqi.
• Lub caij ntuj sov cafe thiab ib tug loj lub pas dej, qhov chaw uas nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov koj muaj peev xwm coj ib tug caij rau tej nkoj nquam thiab catamarans.

Council rau tourists thiab cov neeg tuaj xyuas: kev ua si chaw ua si hu ua "Gafur Gulam" yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus xyuas thaum lub sij hawm lub lim tiam thaum lub zos yog nyob rau ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm. Cov lis xaus rau mus saib attractions tau sawv ntsug nyob rau hauv lub scorching hnub nyob rau hauv loj queues.

Park Chaw nyob: koom pheej ntawm Uzbekistan, Tashkent, st. m. "Ulugbek", Chilonzor Avenue Bunyodkor, 21.

Summing li

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau nws tus txawj ua si, Gulam Gafur ua translation rau hauv Uzbek Lermontov tej hauj lwm, Nazim Hikmet, Shakespeare, Pushkin, Dante, Griboyedov thiab Beaumarchais.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, Gafur Gulam - lub brightest cwm pwm ntawm Uzbek ntaub ntawv, tau sab laug ib lasting tswv yim thiab cim rau tus ntsuj plig ntawm txhua tus neeg uas tau nyeem rau ntawm tsawg kawg yog ib tug ntawm nws zaj paj huam los yog dab neeg.