Elk ya - annoying cab

Qhov kawg ntawm lub caij ntuj sov nyob rau hauv lub forests ntawm Siberia thiab central Russia tshwm sab elk ya (kab duab nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm). Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus peb lub teb chaws yog tseem lub tsev mus rau sab qaum teb ntawm Tuam Tshoj, nyob rau hauv North America thiab Scandinavia. Cov nab npawb ntawm cov cab nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm cov mos lwj thiab elk.

Elk ya, mos lwj zuam, cov tuv elk, mos lwj cov tuv - tag nrho yog ib tug thiab cov tib kab uas belongs rau tsev neeg ntawm Hippoboscidae. Trehmillimetrovoe lub cev muaj ib tug flattened zoo thiab yog them nrog ib lub teeb-xim av uas tuab ntaub thaiv. Nyob rau nws lub taub hau nyob rau hauv lub tob basins nyob antennae, uas yog suab tsis protrude saum toj no qhov chaw. Elk muaj ib tug loj yoov ob lub qhov muag uas muaj ib tug 2.5 tysyach seb. Nws ob lub qhov muag coj ¼ ntawm lub tag nrho lub cev tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lawv lub taub hau yoov muaj 3 yam yooj yim ob lub qhov muag. Ncauj ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab yog hais txog mus rau lub tho-nqus hom thiab muaj ib tug zoo xws li cov qauv mus rau lub proboscis yoov, uas yog hu ua tus ruaj khov yoov. Cov mos lwj cov tuv yog tuab thiab pob tshab tis nrog ib tug me me muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm cov leeg, lawv ntev ncua los ntawm 5.5 mus rau 6 lub hli. Nyob rau sab ntawm lub hauv siab muaj zog ob txhais ceg nrog tuab ncej puab thiab asymmetric claws. Elk yoov muab nrog ib tug elastic plab hais tias thaum noj mov yog tau ntau npaum li cas nce nyob rau hauv loj.

Qhov no hom ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab ectoparasites koom kruglozhiznennym. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, elk yoov txau xwb cov ntshav uas nws ua nyob rau hauv sov-blooded tsiaj txhu. Nws lub ntsiab breadwinner tswv yog cloven-hoofed tsiaj. Qhov no lwj uas mos lwj, mos lwj, mos lwj elk thiab. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov fly-bloodsucker ntse siv hauv tsev nyuj, qus boars, bears, hma, dev, badgers, yaj thiab thiaj li nyob. Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug high tooj ntawm tus kab mob, lub mos lwj yoov tom hawv ib tug neeg, thiab nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg - heev heev. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub tom ntawm daim tawv nqaij reddens, muaj yog ib tug nruj knot, uas yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau 20 hnub.

Yog vim li cas nws yog hu ua elk ntshauv los yog mub? Txawm tias muaj cov zoo-tsim tis, cov kab ya zoo nkauj phem thiab luv mus. Tis ntawm lawv, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, yuav tsum ya mus rau qhov tsis hnov tsw ntawm ib tug sov so-blooded tsiaj. Thiab sai li sai tau raws li lawv ncav cuag lawv lub hom phiaj, lawv tam sim ntawd pov tseg. Lawv tag nrho cov yav tom ntej lub neej no twb ntws ntawm lub cev ntawm tus tswv tsev-mob. Lawv nkag hauv cov kis mus rau hauv nws cov plaub, tom ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab pib mus pub rau cov ntshav. Li no, muaj ib tug kev sib piv nrog cov pa ntshauv thiab mub.

Tom qab ib tug ob peb lub lis piam nyob rau hauv lub serene lub neej keds los tiav nkauj tiav nraug, lawv pib los tuav nyob rau hauv officers, tus poj niam nrog tus txiv neej. Tom qab fertilization, tom qab 16 hnub, tus poj niam muab yug mus rau tus thawj kab. Nco ntsoov tias nws muab yug, raws li qhov no zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab yog hais txog mus nyob-tau cov kabmob, los yog es - kuklorodyaschim. Ib tug poj niam nyob rau hauv lub cev muaj thawj qe, ces tus kab. Lub teeb tau tuaj trehmillimetrovye tsim prepupal. Lawv muaj ib tug ob peb teev tig mus rau hauv puparia (puparium), them los ntawm ib tug nyuaj plhaub thiab caij nplooj ntoos zeeg rau hauv av. Qhov no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm Lub kaum hli ntuj rau lub peb hlis ntuj. Nyob rau hauv lub xeev no, lub Pupa yuav mus txog rau thaum lub yim hli ntuj, thiab ces muaj cov tshiab cruise elk yoov. Tus poj niam nyob rau hauv nws lub neej (kwv yees li rau lub hlis) lub sij hawm rau defer mus txog 30 xws puparia.

Tsiaj txhu, cov cab coj zoo kev txhawj xeeb, txij li thaum ib tug neeg tej zaum yuav siv pua pua khom. Thiab qhov no ua rau havzoov ntawm cov tsiaj, tej zaum yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais txoj kev loj hlob qeeb. Tu siab, zoo tshuaj tiv thaiv no kab yog tsis pom. Yuav kom tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm tom nws, nws yog tsim nyog thaum taug kev nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov mus saib xyuas ntawm lawv tej khaub ncaws. Ris rau tes tsho yuav tsum haum snugly rau lub cev, ris zoo sau nyob rau hauv nkawm thom khwm, thiab tsis muaj yuav tsum tau ib lub kaus mom rau nws lub taub hau. Tom qab ib tug taug kev, ua tib zoo tshawb xyuas koj cov khaub ncaws thiab tshem tawm cov nws lurking kab tsuag.