Deformation: shear, nro, compression, Torsion, dabtsi yog khoov. piv txwv deformation

Shear lim, Torsion, dabtsi yog khoov, - ib tug kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub ntim thiab zoo ntawm lub cev thaum raug rau ib tug ntxiv load. Thaum zoo li no kev hloov ntawm cov kev ncua deb ntawm atoms los yog molecules, uas mus rau lub tsos ntawm elastic rog. Xav txog lub ntsiab hom kab mob los thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv.

Compression thiab nro

Tensile lim yog txuam nrog ib tug txheeb ze los yog ib tug meej elongation ntawm lub cev. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, ib tug homogeneous pas nrig, uas yog tsau nyob ib kawg. Thaum daim ntawv thov ntawm kev quab yuam raws axis ntawm lub acting nyob rau hauv kev coj rov qab, muaj ib tug ncab pas nrig.

Lub zog yog sib sib zog tsa mus rau qhov chaw ruaj kawg ntawm tus pas nrig, ua rau compression ntawm lub cev. Thaum lub sij hawm compression los yog ncab ntawm lub cev hloov tus ntoo khaub lig-sectional cheeb tsam.

Tensile lim - nws hloov tus kwv lub xeev, nrog los ntawm ib tug ua haujlwm ntawm nws cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Qhov no tsiaj yuav tsum tau ntsum xyuas nyob rau hauv cov khoom qauv, muaj raws ntawm thaum uas tig mus cov phiaj uas yog kev cob cog rua ntawm springs. Vim cov kab rov tav dag zog yuam yog nqa shear daim hlau ntawm tej lub, lub volume ntawm lub cev yog tsis tau hloov. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm elastic deformation ntawm tus quab yuam thov mus rau lub cev, thiab cov ua haujlwm lub kuaj ncaj qha proportional kev sib raug zoo.

dabtsi yog khoov lim

Xav txog cov piv txwv ntawm hom ntawm deformation. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm dabtsi yog khoov, lub convex feem ntawm lub cev yog raug mus rau ib tug tej yam nro, thiab ib tug concave fragment compressed. Hauv lub cev niaj deformation mus rau lub embodiment, muaj yog ib tug txheej uas tsis yauv tej compression los yog ncab. Nws yog hu ua tus nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub deformable lub cev. Nyob ze nws tau txo lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub cev.

Nyob rau hauv lub kos duab piv txwv ntawm hom ntawm sab yog siv los txuag cov ntaub ntawv thiab kom tsis txhob muaj tus luj ntawm lub tsev lug. Cov khoom tuav thiab rods hloov cov kav dej, ntsia, I-kab teeb.

torsional lim

Qhov no longitudinal deformation yog tsis niaj hnub shear. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm rog qhia thaum uas tig mus los yog opposite rau tus kav, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug kawg tsau. Feem ntau cov feem ntau yauv complex deformations ntau yam lus thiab mechanisms siv nyob rau hauv cov lug thiab cov cav tov. Tab sis ua tsaug rau ib tug ua ke ntawm ob peb variants ntawm lub lim, zoo heev yooj yim zog muab xam rau ntawm lawv thaj chaw.

Los ntawm txoj kev, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm tseem ceeb evolution ntawm cov pob txha ntawm cov noog thiab cov tsiaj muaj npaum li cas tubular qauv xaiv. Qhov kev hloov no pab mus rau strengthening ntawm lub cev pob txha nyiaj pab ntau tshaj ntawm ib tug tej yam lub cev hnyav.

Deformations ntawm cov piv txwv ntawm lub cev tib neeg

Cov tib neeg lub cev yog raug mus rau mob hnyav kho tshuab kev nyuaj siab los ntawm nws tus kheej dag zog thiab hnyav, tshwm li lub cev ua si. Feem ntau, lub deformation (shear) cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev tib neeg:

• Compression kev tshuaj ntsuam txha nqaj qaum, npog lub taw, txo nqua.
• Raug ncab ligaments, Upper nqua, cov leeg, tendons.
• Dabtsi yog khoov cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov extremities, lub plab mog, pob txha caj qaum.
• Torsion raug thaum txoj siav lub caj dab thaum rotating nws tej tes.

Tab sis nyob rau hauv excess ntawm cov kev txwv voltage indicators, tej zaum yuav tawg, piv txwv li, xub pwg cov pob txha, lub duav. Nyob rau hauv bundles ntawm tib ntaub kev cob cog rua kom flexibly uas tej zaum yuav ncab lawv ob zaug. Los ntawm txoj kev, lub shear deformation piav txog cov tag nrho cov kev txaus ntshai ntawm lub zog ntawm cov poj niam nyob rau hauv siab heels. Lub cev qhov ceeb thawj yuav tsum pauv mus rau tus ntiv tes, uas yuav ua rau kom lub load rau ntawm cov pob txha nyob rau hauv ib nrab.

Raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm kev kho mob kuaj nqa tawm nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv, tsuas yog ib tug yuav muab suav hais tias ib tug noj qab nyob zoo kaum me nyuam. Raws li cov hom txuam nrog cov me nyuam lub cev? Ua haujlwm, Torsion, compression - lub ntsiab ua rau kev ua txhaum ntawm hwj tau lub cev rau cov me nyuam thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas.

Lub zog thiab lim

Txawm tias muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm animate thiab tswg ntiaj teb no, tus creation ntawm ib tug txiv neej ntau cov ntaub ntawv uas cov khoom, tag nrho cov khoom thiab kev ua neej beings muaj ib qho feature - durability. Hauv qab no nws yog feem ntau to taub raws li lub peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau khaws cia tshaj ib lub sij hawm ntev lub sij hawm tsis muaj pom kev puas tsuaj. Muaj zog lug, molecules, yog lug. Qhov no feature yog tsim nyog rau cov hlab ntsha, tib neeg cov pob txha, cib txhua, iav, dej. Shear lim - pov thawj kev xaiv kev tsim kho rau durability.

Cov kev siv ntawm ntau hom ntawm deformations txiv neej muaj sib sib zog nqus keeb kwm keeb kwm. Nws tag nrho cov pib nrog ib tug lub siab xav mus interconnect ib tug stick thiab ib tug ntse ntsis mus plob hav zoov rau ancient tsiaj. Twb tau nyob rau cov hnub tus neeg xav nyob rau hauv lub deformation. Shear, compression, nro, dabtsi yog khoov mus pab nws tsim tsev, cov cuab yeej, npaj cov zaub mov. Raws li cov technology kev loj hlob ntawm cov tib neeg muaj kev tswj kom siv ntau hom deformations kom lawv coj ib tug weighty kom zoo dua.

Hooke txoj cai

Zauv uas yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, engineering, tas cov siv Hooke txoj cai rau shear deformation. Cov mis qhia tau hais tias ib tug tib neeg kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus quab yuam thov mus rau lub cev, thiab nws txoj kev extension (compression). Hooke siv nruj coefficient qhia kev twb kev txuas ntawm cov khoom thiab tau deformation.

Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev txhim kho ntawm kev cov khoom, pab kiag li lawm thiab seev, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kuj tshawb xav, loj kev tshawb fawb ntawm plasticity thiab elasticity tau ua. Cov kev tshwm sim hauv paus thwmsim ntawm steel siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho machinery, siv kev tshawb xav, lub theoretical mechanics.

Los ntawm ib tug kev mus kom ze rau cov teeb meem txuam nrog rau ntau hom hom, nws twb tau mus tsim kev tsim kho kev lag luam, mus nqa tawm tiv thaiv kev txij nkawm ntawm ib tug muaj tseeb hwj tau lub cev ntawm cov hluas tiam ntawm lub teb chaws.

xaus

Deformation xam tau tias yog nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv physics, feem xyuam rau txoj dab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub nyob ntiaj teb no. Nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, cov tsiaj yog lossi tshwm sim Torsion, dabtsi yog khoov, ncab ib ce, compression. Thiab nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua raws sij hawm thiab ua kom tiav kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov teeb meem muaj feem xyuam rau hwj tau lub cev los yog nyhav dhau heev lawm, cov kws kho mob yuav siv nyob qhia tau physicists nyob rau hauv yuav tsum muaj kev tshawb fawb.

Piv txwv li, ua ntej ua prosthetic qis nqua, ua ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws muab xam los ntawm cov nyiaj pab ntau tshaj load uas nws yuav tsum tau xam. Prostheses yuav xaiv rau txhua tus neeg ib lub zuj zus, raws li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb coj mus rau hauv tus account lub qhov hnyav, qhov siab thiab muaj ntawm lub yav tas. Thaum lub hwj tau lub cev kho Abuse thov tshwj xeeb siv, raws li nyob rau kev siv ntawm shear deformation. Niaj hnub nimno kev ncaj ncees tshuaj yuav tsis ua ib ke tsis siv kev cai lij choj thiab phenomena, xws li thiab tsis suav cov kev cai ntawm ntau hom ntawm deformations.