Composer Novikov Anatoly Grigorievich: biography, works thiab cov qauv ntawm creativity

Composer Novikov Anatoly Grigorievich - ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm lub suab paj nruag tshiab, tsim los ntawm kiv puag ncig ntawm 1917. Nws lub peev xwm, kev muaj tswv yim zoo tshaj plaws yog hais txog kev tsim tawm suab paj nruag tshiab - ib zaj dab neeg Soviet ua rau tib neeg muaj zog thiab muaj zog ntawm cov neeg Soviet. Cov ntaub ntawv no, Anatoly Novikov devoted nws lub neej tag nrho. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws txoj haujlwm tau ua ntau tshaj 600 zaj nkauj, nyiam mus rau hnub no.

Pib ntawm tus kws sau ntawv txoj kev

Anatoly Novikov, uas nws daim ntawv qhia txog keeb kwm yav dhau los rau xyoo pua puas xyoo, yuav tsum yog 18 (30) Lub Kaum Hli 1896, yug hauv cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam hauv Ryazan cheeb tsam - Skopin.

Nws niam nws txiv, Grigory Osipovich thiab Neonila Nikolaevna, tsis paub ntawv. Kuv txiv ua hauj lwm hauv qhov smithy, uas yog nyob rau sab nraud ntawm lub nroog, yog li ntawd tsuas yog phau ntawv uas tus composer yav tom ntej pom hauv nws lub tsev yog "Yuav ua li cas rau cov nees horses".

Tab sis Anatoly lub childhood tsis yog deprived ntawm cov suab paj nruag: nyob rau hauv yav tsaus ntuj Novikov tsev neeg nyiam hu nkauj pej xeem nkauj, thiab nyob rau hnub so nyob rau hauv lub zos muaj cov tub rog parades thiab txhua yam ntawm ceremonies nrog kev koom tes ntawm Zaraiski infantry regiment. Tab sis dab tsi ua tub rog lub koob tsheej yuav tsis muaj suab paj nruag thiab cov tub rog? Li ntawd, tus hlub ntawm tus yav tom ntej composer rau suab paj nruag, nkauj ntawm teb chaws thiab tub rog-patriotic ntxhais yug.

Kev nyiam suab paj nruag yuav tsum tau tawm, thiab Novikov yuav pib lub balalaika rau thawj qhov nyiaj tau txais txiaj ntsig, sai sai kawm tau qhov kev ua si los ntawm pob ntseg. Tom qab ntawd muaj lub siab xav hu nkauj, thiab Anatoly txiav txim siab los kawm txog suab paj nruag. Nyob rau hauv xyoo 1912 nws nkag mus rau hauv Ryazan Teacher's Seminary, uas xaus rau xyoo 1916, thiab mus kiag rau hauv Moscow Conservatory.

Tamsim ntawd tus tub hluas ntawd tau qhia txog yam tsis tseem ceeb rau kev hu nkauj: thaum nws muaj 20 xyoos nws tau sau thawj txoj haujlwm hu ua "The Hymn of the Liberated Russia". Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ib xyoos ntawm kev nyuaj nyiaj txiag, Novikov raug yuam kom tawm hauv qhov kev txuag thiab rov qab mus rau Skopin.

Novikov nyob hauv nws thaj av

Rov qab rau hauv Skopin, Anatoly Grigorievich Novikov pib npaj lub tsev kawm suab seev. Ntawm no nws siv txoj kev paub ntawm nws tus neeg caij ntuj sov Moscow. Nws thov rau lub nroog cov thawj coj rau kev kawm los txhawb kev tsim cov tsev kawm suab paj nruag: ib lub tsev xa ntawv tau muab faib rau tsev kawm ntawv, ob lub grand pianos raug muab cob (cov cuab yeej tau pom nyob rau hauv cov tsev ntawm cov tswv av uas nyob ze, uas nws cov tsev lag luam raug rhuav tshem), thiab lub tsev kawm ntawv St. Hauv kev tsim ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm qhia ntawv hauv tsev kawm ntawv.

Txawm tias muaj kev nyuaj siab tom qab dhau los, kev kawm ntawm cov menyuam lub tsev kawm suab seev (DMS) yog dawb xwb, uas, tau kawg ntawm qhov tseem ceeb: Kev kos duab tau ua rau cov me nyuam yaus yooj yim tab sis muaj peev xwm. Lub tsev kawm ntawv yog ib qho chaw ntawm kev coj noj coj ua rau lub nroog Skopin, cov neeg txawj ntse hauv zos tau zoo siab tos txais Novikova thiab txhawb nws txhua txoj kev.

Thaum lub sijhawm no, Anatoly Grigorevich tau to taub tias cov suab paj nruag yog rau nws lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub neej, tab sis tib lub sij hawm nws muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm nws txoj kev paub thiab xav tau kev kawm siab dua.

Thiab rov Moscow

Former Novikov xibfwb, composer Paskhalov, pom zoo kom tus tub hluas mus kawm hauv Moscow State Conservatory. Xyoo 1921, tus kws tshaj lij uas sab laug mus rau Moscow, qhov chaw uas nws tau xeem dhau ntawm cov kev sib tw.

Lub conservatory cov xib fwb Novikov ua zoo musicians: M. Ivanov-Boretsky, S. Vasilenko, R. Glier, G. Catoire. Txawm li cas los, txoj kev tshawb no tsis hloov dua siab ntawm tus neeg kawm ntawv qhov kev xav kawm mus rau lub neej yav tom ntej: thaum xyoo 1924, thaum nws kawm txog kev kawm hauv kev ua yeeb yam, Novikov tau hu nkauj ntawm pab pawg ntaus kis las tshwj xeeb mus ua haujlwm, thiab tom qab ntawd nws raug caw tuaj koom ua haujlwm, tab sis twb tau mus rau Frunze Academy lub club.

Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm luv luv, Novikov Anatoly tau txais koob meej ntawm zaj nkauj neeg suab paj nruag, suab paj nruag hu nkauj, instrumentation. Cov tub rog Central ntawm Pawg Tub Ntxhais Loj tau caw nws tuaj ua tus hu nkauj thiab ntaus pob.

Ntxiv nrog rau txoj haujlwm no, Anatoly G. tsim cov tub ceev xwm nyob rau hauv garrison hauv Moscow, ua haujlwm rau kev hu nkauj rau cov tub rog. Composer Novikov Anatoly tau txais qhov xwm txheej ntawm "txhua tus tub rog hu nkauj", thiab xyoo 1934 los ua ib tug tub ceev xwm Commission ntawm lub Composers 'Union, tom qab ntawd ob peb xyoos.

Ntaus ntawm creativity

Cov tub rog cov ntsiab lus tseem niaj hnub tuaj yeem ua tus composer txoj haujlwm, thiab nws yog ntau ntau. Nyob rau hauv nws zaj nkauj Novikov-composer yeej qhia lub neej txhua hnub ntawm tus tiv thaiv ntawm Motherland, lawv cov hnub caiv. Nws tej hauj lwm yog permeated nrog patriotism, comradeship, lawv qhia txog heroes, kev cai tub rog.

Novikov hloov lub suab nrov ntawm cov nkauj ntawm peb cov ancestors. Nws coj mus rau lub neej uas yuav luag tsis nco qab qub tub rog thiab Cossack nkauj, nyob rau hauv uas nws tseem lub ntsiab ntawm lub patriotism ntawm cov neeg Lavxias teb sab, lub zog ntawm nws tus ntsuj plig. Nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm nws cov hauj lwm Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruas muaj meej meej pom: "Auj, yog, koj, Kalinushka", "Blue-eyed blue-eyed", "Los ntawm kuv niam, raws Volga", thiab lwm yam.

Ib qho ntawm nta zoo ntawm Novikov qhov haujlwm yog qhov qhia meej txog kev hu nkauj rau nws cov nkauj. Txawm tias cov nkauj, uas yog Ameslikas xeeb ua solo, tom qab los ua lub suab qw. Peb tuaj yeem hais tias Novovis cov ntawv sau tau zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua tau zoo.

Nws zaj nkauj, xws li "Kuv Viv Thaiv", "Txoj Kev", "March of the Communist Brigades", "Vasya-Vasilek", etc., yuav tsum tau ua ob qho tib si thiab hauv chorus, nyob rau theem kev sib tw thiab hauv lub tsheb ciav hlau.

Novikov thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab

Novikov Anatoly Grigorievich, ib phau ntawv keeb kwm uas nws zaj duab xis txuas nrog lub hwj chim ntawm Soviet, keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws, yog tus composer uas nws ua haujlwm tsis dhau los ntawm Lavxias teb sab yeeb yam. Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau npe lub npe ntawm lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv uas Novikov cov nkauj tsis suab. Tsis tshua zoo zaj dab neeg txog kev ua tsov ua rog tsis muaj zaj nkauj "Eh, roads." Nws sounded tag nrho cov uas tau hnov, paub txog los ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias.

Ib tug tsis tuaj yeem pab tau zaj nkauj "Smuglyanka", uas tau muab sau rau xyoo 1940, tab sis qee qhov ntawm nws cov khoom tawg yog kev sib tw ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, thiab qhov kev sau ntawv tau txais kev tso cai rau kev ua yuam kev.

Nws tau txais kev txhawb los ntawm tus thawj coj Leonid Bykov, uas tau hnov qhov laj thawj ntawm nws me nyuam yaus ntawm cov tub rog pem hauv ntej thiab txiav txim siab los ua ib zaj yeeb yaj kiab txog cov neeg tsav tsheb, uas "Tsaus muag-tawv" yuav tsum tau suab zoo. Qhov no npau suav Bulls pom tau hais nyob rau hauv nws zaj duab xis "Nyob rau hauv sib ntaus sib tua yog ib co neeg laus."

Txij thaum tso tawm ntawm zaj yeeb yaj kiab ntawm cov vevxais ntawm lub teb chaws "Smuglyanka" deservedly xa rov qab mus rau repertoire ntawm ntau tus neeg ua yeeb yam thiab suab paj nruas pawg.

Pej xeem kev ua ntawm tus composer

Nyob rau hauv 1957 composer Novikov Anatoly Grigorievich tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj coj ntawm lub koom haum pawg ua haujlwm ntawm lub Union of Composers (SK) ntawm RSFSR thiab tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm pawg thawj coj ntawm lub USSR SC.

Txij li thaum 1960, Novikov tuav lub post ntawm Secretary ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm ntawm SC ntawm lub koom pheej. Nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm no, tus neeg sau nkauj ua hauj lwm mus txog 1968.

Txij xyoo 1962 txog 1965 Novikov yog tus pab tswv yim rau Minister of Culture ntawm lub USSR. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws ua tus thawjcoj ntawm Pawg Neeg Nruab Nrab ntawm Tsoomfwv.

Khoom plig thiab lub npe

Novikov Anatoly, nws cov hauj lwm tau nrov thiab patriotic tias nws txoj hauj lwm yuav tsis tau overlooked los ntawm lub xeev, tsim nyog tau teev tseg:

• Stalin nqi zog ntawm qib thib ob;
• Qhov Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Tsoom Fwv Kev Ua Haujlwm;
• Kev txiav txim ntawm Lenin (ob zaug);
• Kev txiav txim ntawm Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj Kiv Kws;
• Lub hnub qub ntawm Hero ntawm Socialist Labor;

Lawv tau txais lub npe ntawm Honored Artist ntawm RSFSR, Neeg Artist ntawm RSFSR thiab USSR.

Xaus

Composer Novikov Anatoly Grigorievich tau sau ntau zaj nkauj zoo nkauj. Interestingly, txhua tus uas muaj ib tug los yog lwm seem ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm peb lub teb chaws, ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib tug suab paj nruas monument ntawm cov tub rog lub yeeb koob thiab ua hauj lwm rau victories ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg.

Anatoly Grigorievich tuag ntawm lub Cuaj Hlis 24, 1984. Nws lub ntxa yog nyob rau ntawm Novodevichy Tojntxas hauv Moscow.

Novikov-composer yuav nco ntsoov nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm cov neeg raws li ib tug neeg uas paub tus ntsuj plig ntawm cov neeg, lawv lub siab xav. Hauv kev nco txog tus yawm composer muaj ib zaj yeeb yaj duab ua yeeb yam, tau txais cov ntawv xa tawm. Nyob rau hauv Skopin rau lub tsev composer ntsia ib cov quav hniav, ib lub nroog txoj kev Dais nws lub npe.

Hmoov tsis, tam sim no tus me nyuam lub tsev kawm ntawv suab paj nruag tsim los ntawm Novikov nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Skopin tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov thawj tswj hwm hauv zos thiab cov neeg tsav tsheb nyob rau hauv ib qhov kev ywj pheej.