Chukovsky ua hauj lwm rau cov me nyuam: rau hauv daim ntawv. Tej hauj lwm los ntawm Korneya Ivanovicha Chukovskogo

Chukovsky ua hauj lwm paub rau ib tug dav pawg neeg - qhov no yog, saum toj no tag nrho, cov paj huam thiab lus sib dhos tales rau cov me nyuam. Tsis yog txhua tus paub hais tias nyob rau hauv Ntxiv rau cov tsim yaam tshab ntawm cov txawj sau ntawv muaj lub ntiaj teb no hauj lwm ntawm nws nto moo lug txhawb cov miv thiab lwm yam hauj lwm. Ntsib nrog lawv, koj yuav saib tau raws nraim li cas cov khoom yuav Chukovskogo nyiam rau koj.

keeb kwm

Interestingly, lub Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky - ib tug Nom de plume. Muaj tseeb tiag, kev sau ntawv daim duab npe hu Nikolai Vasilyevich Korneychukovym. Nws yug los nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, Lub peb hlis ntuj 19, 1882. Nws niam, Catherine Osipovna - neeg pluag Poltava xeev, ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug tub txib nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm St. Petersburg. Nws yog tus poj niam ntawm Emmanuel txhaum cai Solomonovicha Levinson. Qhov ob peb tau yug los ua ntej tus ntxhais, Maria, thiab peb xyoos tom qab yug tus tub ntawm Nicholas. Tab sis thaum lub sij hawm tsis zoo tib marriages twb tsis txais tos, yog li nyob rau hauv lub kawg, Levinson sib yuav ib tug muaj nyiaj poj niam, thiab Catherine Osipovna cov me nyuam tau tsiv mus rau Odessa.

Nicholas mus rau kindergarten thiab ces mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tab sis nws yuav tsis tag nws vim hais tias ntawm qhov uas tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo keeb kwm.

Luag rau cov neeg laus

lub txawj sau ntawv txawj ua hauj lwm pib nyob rau hauv 1901, thaum nws cov khoom tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv "Odessa Xov xwm." Chukovskij kawm lus Askiv, yog li ntawm no ib tsab tsab raug xa mus rau London. Rov qab mus rau Odessa, nws coj ib tug active ib feem nyob rau hauv lub 1905 kiv puag ncig.

Nyob rau hauv 1907 Chukovskij translates hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Walt Whitman. Txhais ua Lavxias teb sab, nws cov phau ntawv thiab lwm yam lus Askiv sau ntawv: Twain, Rudyard Kipling, Wilde. Cov hauj lwm tau zoo heev nrov Chukovsky.

Nws sau tau ib phau ntawv hais txog Akhmatova, Mayakovsky, BLOK. Txij li thaum 1917 Chukovskij ua hauj lwm rau ib tug monograph rau Nekrasov. Qhov no ntev-lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm, uas yog luam tawm xwb nyob rau hauv 1952.

cov me nyuam kwv huam ntawm lub kws sau paj lug

Nws yuav pab kom paub tias dab tsi yog ua hauj lwm Chukovskogo rau cov me nyuam daim ntawv teev. Cov no yog cov luv luv kwv huam uas cov me nyuam kawm nyob rau hauv lawv cov thaum ntxov xyoo thiab thawj lub tsev kawm ntawv:

• "Glutton";
• "Npua";
• "Ntxhw nyeem";
• "Hedgehogs yog luag";
• "Zakalyaka";
• "Sandwich";
• "Fedot";
• "Npua";
• "Vaj";
• "Turtle";
• "Song ntawm cov neeg pluag khau looj plab hlaub";
• "Tadpoles";
• "Bebek";
• "Nws-ntxhuav";
• "Kev kaj siab";
• "Great-great-great-xeeb ntxwv";
• "Christmas tsob ntoo";
• "Ya nyob rau hauv da dej";
• "Qaib".

Pab nrhiav tej daim me me ntawm cov paj huam rau cov me nyuam Chukovskogo daim ntawv teev hais saum toj no. Yog hais tias tus nyeem ntawv xav mus ntsib nrog lub npe, xyoo ntawm kev sau ntawv dab neeg thiab piav txog kev sau ntawv daim duab, ces sau lawv hauv qab no.

Chukovsky ua hauj lwm rau cov me nyuam - "Khej" kab laum "," Moidodyr "

Nyob rau hauv 1916, Cov hauv paus hniav I. sau tau ib zaj dab neeg "Khej", cov paj huam twb greeted ambiguously. Yog li, Lenin tus poj niam N. Krupskaya hais critically tiv thaiv no cov khoom. Literary critic thiab txawj sau ntawv Yuri Tynyanov, on qhov tsis tooj, hais tias thaum kawg cov me nyuam paj huam qhib. N. Btsky los ntawm sau ib daim ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug Siberian pedagogical Journal sau tseg nyob rau hauv nws tias cov me nyuam enthusiastically coj "Khej". Lawv lossi npuaj teg cov kab, mloog nrog zoo siab. Nws qhia tau hais tias yuav ua li cas lawv xav tias thov txim kom nrog phau ntawv no thiab nws cov cim.

Chukovsky ua hauj lwm rau cov me nyuam - yog, ntawm chav kawm, thiab "kab laum". Tale sau los ntawm tus sau nyob rau hauv 1921. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, Cov hauv paus hniav I. invented thiab "Moidodir". Raws li nws hais tias nws tus kheej, nws sau cov dab neeg cia rau 2-3 hnub, tab sis sau nws lawv twb tsis pom qhov twg. Tom qab ntawd nws muaj los tsim ib tug periodic ntawv ntawm cov me nyuam thiab hu nws lub "zaj sawv." Muaj tau luam tawm thiab cov ob nto moo tej hauj lwm Chukovsky.

"Miracle Tsob ntoo"

Nyob rau hauv 1924, Cov hauv paus hniav I. sau "Miracle Tsob ntoo." Txawm muaj coob yog neeg pluag, muaj lub siab xav mus hnav ris tsho nws yog ib tug npau suav. Chukovskij embodied lawv nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv nplooj tsis loj hlob txuj ci tseem ceeb tsob ntoo, tsis muaj paj thiab nkawm khau, khau looj plab hlaub, khau, vuam txwv ntev. Nyob rau hauv cov hnub cov me nyuam tsis tau tights, ces lawv coj qhws paj rwb vuam txwv ntev, uas yog mounted rau ib tug tshwj xeeb ncua kev kawm ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv no zaj paj huam, raws li nyob rau hauv ib co neeg, cov txawj sau ntawv hais tias Murochke. Nws yog nws nyiam tus ntxhais, nws tuag nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm 11, tau mob tuberculosis. Nyob rau hauv no zaj paj huam nws sau hais tias Murochki dua me me knitted khau khiab nrog xiav pompoms, qhia txog dab tsi nws yog rau cov me nyuam noj los ntawm tsob ntoo lawv niam lawv txiv.

Tam sim no muaj tiag tiag yog zoo li no ib tsob ntoo. Tab sis tsis rhuav tej yam uas thiab dai nrog nws. Decorated nws ntawm lub dag zog ntawm cov kiv cua ntawm koj nyiam sau ntawv thiab nyob ze nws lub tsev-tsev cia puav pheej. Nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm tus naas ej fairy taleas txawj sau ntawv tsob ntoo dai kom zoo nkauj nrog rau ntau yam khoom ntawm cov khaub ncaws, khau, koj cov menyuam.

"Ua siab loj buzzing Fly" - ib tug fairy taleas, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov kws ntawv, kev xyiv fab thiab kev seev cev

1924 cim creation ntawm lub "Ya ua siab loj buzzing". Nyob rau hauv nws memoirs, tus sau shares nthuav lub sij hawm uas tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm sau ntawv ntawm no masterpiece. Clear kub hnub Lub yim hli ntuj 29, 1923 Chukovskogo swept nco kev kaj siab nws xav nrog tag nrho nws lub siab, yuav ua li cas zoo nkauj hauv lub ntiaj teb thiab zoo li cas nws nyob. Cov hlua yug lawv tus kheej. Nws khaws ib tug cwj mem, ib daim ntawm daim ntawv thiab sai sai pib sketching tawm cov kab.

Sau ntawv kab tshoob yoov, tus sau muaj tus nraug vauv ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim. Thaum ua ntej nws twb tau sim piav qhia txog qhov no daim, tab sis ntau tshaj ob kab yuav tsis lw. Nyob rau hnub no, qhov inspiration tuaj. Thaum nws nrhiav tsis tau cov ntawv cia li dua tawm ib daim ntawm wallpaper nyob rau hauv txoj kev hauv tsev thiab sai sai sau nws. Thaum tus sau pib qhia nyob rau hauv cov verses ntawm lub tshoob seev cev yoov, nws pib sau ntawv thiab seev cev nyob rau tib lub sij hawm. Korney Ivanovich hais tias yog leej twg pom 42-xyoo-laus tug txiv neej, uas yog hnav nyob rau hauv ib tug shamanistic seev cev, kev qw lo lus, tam sim ntawd sau ntawv mus rau plua plav sawb ntawm wallpaper, yuav tej yam txawv. Nrog tib yooj yim nws tau ntxiv cov khoom. Thaum nws ua tiav lawm, cov kws sau paj lug muab rau hauv ib tug nkees nkees thiab tshaib plab txiv neej, uas nyuam qhuav tau tuaj txog nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm lub teb chaws.

Lwm yam tej hauj lwm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug rau ib tug hluas cov neeg tuaj saib

Chukovsky hais tias, tsim rau cov me nyuam, nws yog tsim nyog yam tsawg kawg yog ib co sij hawm tig cov tub ntxhais hluas uas nyob kab. Ces los ib passionate elation thiab kev tshoov siab.

Nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev, thiab lwm yam hauj lwm ntawm Korney Chukovsky nws tau tsim - "Tsis meej pem" (1926) thiab "Barmalej" (1926). Nyob rau hauv tej lub sij hawm lub kws sau paj lug tej "lub plawv dhia childish kev xyiv fab" thiab zoo siab hlo sau rhymed kab hais tias sai sai yug nyob rau hauv lub taub hau, rau ntawm daim ntawv.

Lwm yam tej hauj lwm tau muab Chukovskii tsis yog li ntawd ib qho yooj yim. Raws li nws nws tus kheej txais, lawv yug los thaum lub caij ntawm rov qab los ntawm nws thaum yau nyob rau hauv lub subconscious, tab sis twb tsim raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov zog thiab ntev ua hauj lwm.

Yog li ntawd nws sau "Fedorino Roob" (1926), "Xov" (1926). Tus thawj taleas qhia cov me nyuam neeg, uas qhia txog lub txim ntawm kev tub nkeeg thiab unwillingness kom koj lub tsev huv si. Excerpts ntawm "xov tooj" yog ib qho yooj yim uas yuav tau nco. Txawm tias ib tug peb-xyoo kas tau yooj yim rov ua rau lawv raws li cov niam txiv. Ntawm no yog ib co pab tau thiab nthuav tej hauj lwm ntawm Chukovsky, daim ntawv mus rau fairy tales "Lub nyiag hnub", "Oh ua li cas Nws mob" thiab lwm yam tej hauj lwm ntawm tus neeg sau.

"Nyiag hnub", cov dab neeg hais txog Dr. Dolittle thiab lwm yam heroes

"Nyiag hnub" Korney Ivanovich wrote nyob rau hauv 1927. Cov zaj dab neeg yog hais tias tus khej tau nqos lub hnub thiab ces txhua yam twb plunged rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj. Vim li no, muaj ntau yam teeb meem pib tshwm sim. Tsiaj txhu khej ntshai thiab tsis paub tias yuav ua li cas yuav muab nws lub hnub. Yuav kom qhov no kawg, lub Xyooj twb hu ua, uas tsom txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm lub siab tawv thiab ua ke nrog rau lwm cov beasts muaj peev xwm rov qab mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub teeb.

"Oh ua li cas Nws mob", tsim los ntawm Korney Ivanovich nyob rau hauv 1929, kuj qhia zaj dab neeg ntawm lub siab tawv qhawv hero - ib tug kws kho mob uas yog tsis ntshai mus rau teb chaws Africa, los pab cov tsiaj. Tsawg paub txog lwm cov me nyuam cov khoom Chukovsky, uas tau sau nyob rau tom qab xyoo - yog "English pej xeem zaj nkauj", "Aibolit thiab sparrow", "Toptygin thiab hma liab."

Nyob rau hauv 1942, Cov hauv paus hniav I. sau tau ib fairy taleas "Barmaley yuav kov yeej!". Qhov no ua hauj lwm, tus sau tas nws cov dab neeg hais txog tus tub sab. Nyob rau hauv 1945-46 xyoo tus sau tau tsim "Taug txuj kev nyuaj Bibigon". Tus kws sau ntawv dua ua kev zoo siab lub siab tawv hero uas yog tsis ntshai sib ntaus sib tua nrog rau cov kev phem cim uas ntau tshaj ntawm nws nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb lub sij hawm.

Tej hauj lwm los ntawm Korneya Ivanovicha Chukovskogo qhia cov me nyuam ua siab zoo, ua siab loj, neeg. Lawv nquam paj nquam nruas kev phooj ywg thiab zoo lub plawv heroes.