Cholinesterase inhibitors: kev siv ntawm pharmacological

Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias lub paj hlwb muaj ntau synapses. Lawv yog cov tsim nyog rau cov kis ntawm cov impulses. Qhov no txoj kev yuav ntau hom kev sib kho. Ntawm lawv, - .., acetylcholine, norepinephrine, GABA, serotonin, thiab lwm yam kev sib kho (transmitters) uas yuav tsum tau rau cov kev hloov ntawm Pib ntsais koj teeb ntawm neurons. Ntxiv mus, vim lawv nws yog nqa excitation los yog inhibition musculature. Nyob rau hauv ntau yam pathologies ntawm poob siab system neurotransmitters ua hauj lwm tej zaum yuav ua txhaum. Qhov no tshwm sim vim atrophic thiab degenerative dab nyob rau hauv lub hlwb. Nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob, siv tshuaj uas yuav tsum tau rau amplifying los yog attenuating cov kis lub teeb liab. Los ntawm ib tug uas zoo sib xws pharmacological pab pawg neeg yog cholinesterase inhibitors. Lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv myasthenia, neuritis, amyotrophic sab sclerosis, Alzheimer tus kab mob, mob hlwb pathologies.

Nyhuv ntawm cholinesterase inhibitors

Cholinesterase inhibitors - ib tug tshuaj uas yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev kawm txoj tib neeg lub hlwb thiab Psychiatry. Lawv muab faib ua ob peb pab pawg, txhua tus uas yog muaj feem xyuam nyob rau hauv ib tug cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj ua los thaiv cov hlab cholinesterase. Qhov no enzyme yog muaj nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si noj qab nyob zoo neeg thiab cov neeg txom nyem los ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Nws yog tsim nyog los zom cov neurotransmitter - acetylcholine. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev txiav txim transmitter degraded rau choline thiab acetic acid. Nyob rau hauv ntau yam pathologies ntawm lub paj hlwb cortex Atrophy tshwm sim maj. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, ib txhia lug yuav cev qhuav dej kiag li, nrog rau cov cholinergic system. Dhau li lub hlwb Atrophy, qhov no ua rau tus kab kev ntawm autoimmune, mob, kis xwm. Vim txoj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov forebrain nuclei muaj ib tug qhia tau tsis muaj neurotransmitter - acetylcholine. Raws li ntev li sai tau yog muaj tsis txaus ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw, nws yog tsim nyog los ua rau lub enzyme uas txav nws. Rau lub hom phiaj no, lub cholinesterase inhibitors yog siv. Ua tsaug rau lawv, neurotransmitter kev ua si tej zaum yuav mob tau ntau xyoo.

Cholinesterase inhibitors: tshuaj kev faib

Muaj ob peb hom anticholinesterase tshuaj. Lawv cov dej num raws li cov pharmacological los rau lub enzyme. Ib txhia ntawm lawv yog thaiv cov hlab cholinesterase irreversible, lwm leej lwm tus - ib ntus. Faib rau 3 pawg neeg medicaments. Cov lawv:

1. Reversible blockers. Cov cholinesterase inhibitors ua rau postsynaptic signaling. Ua tsaug rau lawv, cov enzyme yog ib ntus tu ncua. Qhov no pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li acridines thiab piperidine.
2. Psevdoneobratimye cholinesterase blockers. Lawv mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim yog nyob rau hauv nrog onionovoy ib feem ntawm lub enzyme molecule. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv yuav tau mus khi rau cov acetylcholine receptors. Cov zog yog ib pab pawg neeg ntawm carbamates.
3. Irreversible inhibitors ntawm cholinesterase. Qhov no pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj lub npe hu ua organo-phosphates txhais tau tias. Neeg sawv cev ntawm ib tug medicament "Metrifonate".

Cov pab pawg neeg ntawm acridines muaj xws li "aircraft carrier" tshuaj thiab "Velnakrin". Cov neeg sawv cev carbamates - tshuaj "rivastigmine", "Epistatigmin".

Indications rau kev siv ntawm cholinesterase inhibitors

Cholinesterase inhibitors yog siv los kho cov nqaij cov kab mob ntawm central keeb kwm, Atrophy thiab sib hlwb kev ntshawv siab. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib co tshuaj no nws muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj. Lawv yog siv nyob rau ntawm lub txhawb intraocular siab - glaucoma. Cov tshuaj uas inhibit cholinesterase reversible, qhia rau cov kev kho mob ntawm dementia, De tus kab mob thiab tsis nco qab. Preference yog muab piperidine pab pawg neeg, txij thaum lawv yog xim thiab muaj tsawg phiv. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los, lub indications rau kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj muaj zog. Qhov no yog vim muaj ib tug xav paub ntau dua txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lawv lub zog. Rau cov kab mob nyob rau hauv uas lub tshuaj anticholinesterase tshuaj muaj xws li myasthenia Heavy kev, plab hnyuv atony, npag dystrophy, amyotrophic sab sclerosis, tuag tes tuag taw ntawm nqua degenerative keeb kwm. Irreversible inhibitors yog siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev qaug tshuaj lom.

Contraindications rau kev siv ntawm cholinesterase tshuaj

Cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg no tsis yog siv nyob rau hauv convulsive mob, hyperkinesis ntawm tej etiology. Lawv kuj txhob nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas mob loj heev lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, mob hawb pob, thyrotoxicosis. Nws yog undesirable coj anticholinesterases nrog concomitant pais plab rwj, enteritis. Tshuaj tsis qhia rau cev xeeb tub thiab lactating cov poj niam.

Cholinesterase inhibitors: cov kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj rau tus kab mob Alzheimer

Alzheimer tus kab mob - yog atrophic Cns, nyob rau hauv uas muaj yog amnesia, cwm pwm tsis meej thiab dementia. Zaum ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no yog sim mus nrhiav ib tug kho rau tus kab mob no. Thaum me me thiab loj tsawv heev ntawm tus kab mob no yog cov tshuaj uas koj xaiv "donepezil". Nws yog hais txog ib tug reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, muaj ib tug xim nyhuv. Ib tug tshuaj siv tau rau lub hom phiaj ntawm pathogenetic txoj kev kho. Nws yog tsis muaj peev xwm kho tau tus neeg mob kiag li, tab sis slows txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob Alzheimer mob.