Cheebtsam thiab ntshav

Tshuaj uas yog tau ncaj qha los ntawm cov ntshav nws tus kheej, hu ua ntshav. Cov uas ua cov zauv feem yuav ho nthuav rau ib thaj tsam ntawm noob txoj kev kho, thiab feem ntau cov tseem ceeb - ua rau nws tau siv tej ntshav thiab ntshav Cheebtsam, uas muaj ib tug muaj nuj nqis feem. Ntshav khoom raug muab faib ua peb pawg: complex txiav txim, immunoglobulins (immunologically active) thiab hemostatic.

Npaj complex kev txiav txim. ntshav

complex txiav txim tshuaj muaj xws li ntshav ntshav thiab albumin. Cov nyhuv ntawm - muab ob hemodynamic thiab antishock kev txiav txim. Tshiab frozen ntshav yog tag nrho retains tag nrho cov nta, yog li nws siv yog feem ntau tsim nyog. Nws muaj lwm yam hom ntshav: qhuav (freeze-qhuav) thiab cov kua (haiv neeg). Thaum lub sij hawm tsim txoj kev, lawv ho tsis tau lawv kho cov khoom, yog li lawv siv yog tsis zoo li. Tshiab khov tau ua los ntawm plasmapheresis los yog los ntawm centrifugation ntawm tag nrho cov ntshav, khov tshwm sim tom qab cov ntshav sau los ntawm ib tug neeg nyob rau hauv thawj 1-2 lub sij hawm. Muab cia frozen ntshav npaj yuav ua tau mus txog ib xyoos ntawm kub ntawm los ntawm 1 mus rau 25 degrees los yog hauv qab no. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, tag nrho cov muab ntshav coagulation yam, fibrinolysis Cheebtsam anticoagulants.

Kev npaj rau ntshav ntshav

Drug ntshav yog tshiab tshiab frozen ntshav. Ua ntej yuav pib cov ntshav, nws yog tsim nyog los npaj cov tshuaj. Ntshav twb yaj lawm nyob rau hauv dej sov uas nws kub yog tsis ntau tshaj li 37-38 degrees. Plastikatny hnab nrog biomaterial yuav ncab lawv txhais tes rau kom cov txheej txheem. Nyob rau hauv raws li cov ntawv qhia, cov yaj ntshav yuav tsum raug muab nchuav dua tom qab teev. Tom qab kev npaj tej zaum nws yuav ua rau plaub ya ri ntawm fibrin, tab sis nws tsis tiv thaiv kom txhob nws los ntawm ntshav plastikatnye txheem systems uas yog nruab nrog cov ntxaij lim dej.

Koj muaj peev xwm tsis ncuav cov ntshav yog hais tias nws pom loj heev txhaws, tseem ceeb clouding - yog pov thawj hais tias cov tshuaj yog substandard. Tsis txhob repetitive khov thiab yaj ntawm tshiab frozen ntshav.

Cov tshuaj no yog ua los ntawm tib neeg cov ntshav yuav tsum tsis txhob muab nchuav los ntawm ib lub hnab rau ob peb cov neeg mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntshav yuav tsis tsum sab laug rau ib tug tom ntej txoj kev tom qab plastikatny hnab twb depressurized. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob sensebilizirovan rau parenteral thawj coj ntawm cov kev ua ntawm cov protein, nws yog counter mus ncuav rau tshiab frozen ntshav ntshav. Yuav kom tiv thaiv pathological tshua tau lom kuaj, raws li zoo raws li ntshav ntawm tag nrho cov ntshav.

transfusion

Tshiab frozen ntshav, uas yog poured rau tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm ib tug neeg uas tib cov ntshav pab pawg neeg raws li tus neeg mob, raws li AB0 system. Nyob rau hauv ib qho xwm ceev, yog hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj odnogruppnoy ntshav, lub nram qab no ob peb ua ke tso cai:

• Ntshav: Group A (II) - tus neeg mob: ntshav pab pawg neeg 0 (I)
• Ntshav: Nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg (III) - tus neeg mob: ntshav pab pawg neeg 0 (I)
• Ntshav: pab pawg neeg AB (IV) - tus neeg mob: ntshav muaj.

Kev ntsuam xyuas rau compatibility pab pawg neeg yog tsis nqa tawm. ntshav (ntshav transfusions) yog qhia nyob rau hauv:

• trombogemorragicheskih syndromes
• hlawv cov neeg mob,
• lub taub dej khawb dab,
• hemorrhagic diathesis: xws li hemophilia hom A thiab B,
• crush syndromes,
• ntawm loj hemorrhages (tshaj 25%), ntshav ntshav nrog liab hlwb ua ke loj.

Applied thiab tshiab frozen ntshav los kho tus mob cov neeg mob uas recurrent thrombosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm streptokinase los yog lwm yam fibrinolytic npaj.

albumin

Tej tshuaj ntshav cov khoom xws li albumin, yog muaj raws li lub ntsiab ntawm concentration 5, 10 thiab 20%. Protein yog tseem siv nrog rau lub lim albumin, yog li nws muaj alpha thiab beta globulins. albumin tshuaj tom qab cov kev taw qhia nyob rau ntawd ntawm stabilizers mas listeriosis. Thiab nws yuav pab tau inactivate kab mob HIV thiab kab mob siab. Albumin yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau hom ntawm poob siab - phais, puas, kub nyhiab. Muab nws o, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntshawv siab nyob rau hauv cov ntshav protein muaj pes tsawg leeg, nrog ib tug loj tsis albumin nyob rau hauv lub siab (ascites, mob npuas paug, kub nyhiab). Albumin nyob rau hauv feeb meej ntsiab yog siv thaum nws yog tsim nyog los txwv cov volume ntawm cov kua nkag tau rau hauv ib tug kab tsiaj txhuv (lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, cerebral edema).

5% concentration ntawm cov ntshav npaj (albumin) yog siv rau cov ntshav tsis thaum yuav tsum tau normalization ntawm cov ntshav siab. Thaum nkag mus kawm rau albumin nrog tseem ceeb ntshav poob yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog rau cov ntshav ntawm liab hlwb. Nyob rau hauv xyuas albumin ntau siv raws li ib tug 10% tshuaj.

immunoglobulin

Lam ntshav khoom - immunoglobulin - roos ib tug loj pawg ntawm immunological npaj. Lawv yog cov active tiv thaiv kab mob. Nyob rau hauv soj ntsuam xyaum, feem ntau siv gamma globulin. Cov khoom muaj ntau dua kho nyhuv, lawv qhia tiv thaiv tetanus, zuam-borne encephalitis, kab mob khaub thuas thiab lwm yam kab mob kab mob.

Siv heev immunoglobulin nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Tshuaj nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg no yog muab intramuscularly. Greater nyhuv khoom ntshiab immunoglobulins yog muab intravenously. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov protein sai li sai tau nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab tsis dhau rau theem ntawm kev zom los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg proteases.

Hemostatic tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ntawm cov ntshav

Hemostatic tshuaj - ib tug fibrinogen protrombirovanny complex cryoprecipitate. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nyoog kawg no muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas Antihemophilic globulin (txwv tsis pub - VIII-coagulation tau) thiab von Willebrand tau, fibrinogen thiab tau XIII-fibrinstabiliziruyuschego thiab lwm yam contaminating proteins. Cov tshuaj no muaj rau cov ntshav kho mob nyob rau hauv hnab yas, vials nyob rau hauv qhuav los yog khov. Yog siv nyob rau hauv von Willebrand kab mob, hemophilia A thiab lwm yam hom los ntshav.

Yuav ua li cas yog cov ntshav siv nyob rau hauv hemorrhagic tus kab mob ntawm cov me nyuam mos, hemophilia B, overdose ntawm anticoagulants? Nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob protrombirovanny complex yog siv (CSF los yog PPSB). Nyob rau hauv nws qhaj ntawv, ua tswvcuab tshiab frozen ntshav.

Fibrinogen muaj ib tug tsawg uas daim ntawv thov, nws yog siv tsuas yog rau cov ntshav, uas yog qhov ua rau ntawm fibrinogen tsis muaj peev xwm. Nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob hypofibrinogenaemia, uas yog vim thrombus syndrome, hloov tsis muaj kob protein ua tshiab frozen ntshav. Lim fibrinogen tsis sib npaug nrog rau cov tej yam ntuj tso coagulants thiab nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha yuav tsum raug mus rau coagulation, thiab qhov no yuav txhim khu lub raum thiab pulmonary tsis ua hauj lwm. Yuav kom ua tau lub shortfall hais tias tivthaiv, nws yog zoo dua rau siv ib tug ntshav.

Haemostatics thov topically

Tib txoj kev ntshav khoom uas tswvcuab mas intravenously, txawm hais tias muaj yog ib tug pab pawg neeg ntawm hemostatic neeg uas yog siv topically - thaum siv ceev xwmphem lwm los ntshav, uas muaj peev xwm tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm kev phais. Tej cov tshuaj mas siv muaj xws li hemostatic li ntaub nqus dej, fibrin zaj duab xis, thrombin, antiseptic kua ntswg, thiab lwm yam lom. Cov yuav tsum muaj cov nyhuv muaj thrombin. Nws ua rau cov tsim ntawm txhaws uas thrombosing lumens ntawm cov hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm los ntshav. Heev npaum siv hemostatics rau hemostasis nyob rau hauv parenchymal kabmob puas chaw.

Fibrin lub paj rwb thiab films tsaug rau nws cov txhua yam khoom, yog siv tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov ntshav lawm. Raws li cov khoom siv hnab yas, lawv tau siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm venous ulcers, thiab kub yus. Nyob rau hauv neurosurgery fibrin zaj duab xis advantageously siv nyob rau hauv cov kev hloov Dura tsis muaj peev xwm.

Dhau li ntawm tus saum toj no npaj, muaj cov neeg uas muaj stimulatory zog thiab antianemic. Cov no muaj xws bio-stimulator "Polibiolin" thiab "ERIGO".

vascular kab mob

Pathological vascular tej yam kev mob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob ntawm tsis yooj thaum lawv ua nkig los yog compacted vim tsub zuj zuj ntawm toxins nyob rau hauv lawv. Muaj cov nram qab no cov kab mob: migraine, atherosclerosis uas yuav ua rau mob stroke, vascular dystonia. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog, cov tsis elasticity ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab lawv rhuav txhua tus neeg mob yog muaj cov nram qab no cov tsos mob:

• nco puas thiab puas siab puas ntsws neeg ras heev;
• pw tsaug zog teeb;
• txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev nyuaj siab, deterioration ntawm morale;
• xws li loog loog;
• mob nkees;
• nquag kiv taub hau.

Tsis tas li ntawd ua rau ib tug malfunction ntawm cov hlab ntsha yuav ua tus txha nqaj kev raug mob thiab lub tsev me nyuam osteochondrosis. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tej zaum nws yuav yuav puas ntsoog vertebral leeg uas pub tau mov rau lub paj hlwb. Ua ntej koj yuav tau mus nrhiav thiab tshem tawm qhov ua rau, piv txwv li, los kho tus txha nqaj qaum, thiab ces nrog cov hlab ntsha: .. tshuaj ib ntus xwb txo cov mob cov tsos mob.

Tshuaj rau cov hlab ntsha

Npaj rau kev kho mob ntawm lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub paj hlwb yog cov sib txawv, nws tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev txiav txim. Txhua leej txhua tus muaj lawv tus kheej ntau yam ntawm daim ntawv sau npe. Cov feem nrov pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj yog tias yuav daws teeb meem los txhim kho cerebral ncig, vascular dilatation. Faib cov tshuaj rau hauv peb pab neeg:

• myotropic (relaxes du nqaij) - yog "Dibazol", "Eufillin";
• neurotropic (los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hlwb) - ib tug "reserpine", "Validol";
• nitrates (a ua ke ntawm ob lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev txiav txim) - yog "Nitrosorbit", "nitroglycerin".

Nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab muaj cov nyhuv ntawm ib tug ob peb cais pab pawg:

• Calcium blockers. Calcium ions, uas ua rau cov hlab ntsha ntau taus, ib qho nyuaj thiab ua rau narrowing. Feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj los txhim kho cerebral ncig. Kab mob ntawm lub plawv yuav tsum tsis muaj ntaub ntawv. Calcium blockers yog txwv kom muab zais rau hauv peb tiam. Tus thawj yog raws li nyob rau hauv peb lub ntsiab Cheebtsam (nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem). Yuav kom ob tiam tshuaj yog "Klentiazem", "tiapamil", "Nimodipine". Thiab qhov peb yog "Amlodipine" "Norvasc". Qhov zoo ntawm lub yav tas yog hais tias lawv muaj tsawg phiv, yog xim thiab ntev.
• Tshuaj cog raws li. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua - ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm contraindications thiab kev phiv. Pab chua. Txhim kho cov ntshav khiav.
• Npaj muaj nicotinic acid, yuav pab txo tau cov roj cholesterol nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov quav hniav. Ices txoj kev loj cov hlab ntsha, kev cuam tshuam rau cov me me hlab ntsha. Cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau coj tsuas yog nyob rau cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob, vim hais tias lawv yog ua phem rau hauv lub siab (nicotinic acid, "Enduratin").
• Lub plawv tshuaj. Tej tshuaj txhim khu lub hlwb thiab cov zaub mov mob muaj nuj nqi ib txhij normalize coronary hlab ntsha. Ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm Lily ntawm cov hav, foxglove, Adonis ( "Amrinon", "Kardiovalen", "adonizid").

Lwm yam tshuaj rau cov kev kho mob ntawm cov ntshav mob

Qhov npaj ntawm qab zib nyob rau hauv cov ntshav yog ib qho tseem ceeb feem ntawm cov tshuaj txoj kev kho raws li ib feem Kompeks txheej xwm uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib. Tsis yog txhua txhua tus neeg yuav tau muaj ib tug ib txwm ntshav qab zib theem nrog Noj cov zaub mov thiab ua lub cev ce.

Txom nyem los ntawm cov ntshav qab zib yuav tau siv sij hawm ib tug kws kho mob lub sij hawm teem tseg cov tshuaj uas txo cov ntshav qab zib. Tus kws kho mob lurid nthuav dav hauv cov chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob thiab qhov tseeb npaum li cas. Hypoglycemic agents yog muab faib ua peb pawg:

• Tshuaj uas qhib lub insulin los ntawm lub pancreas.
• Tshuaj uas ua rau kom insulin rhiab heev.
• Cov tshuaj uas txo lub haum ntawm carbohydrates.

Cov feem nrov yog thawj pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj uas txhim khu zus tau tej cov insulin los ntawm tus txiav, uas ua rau yus mus rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib theem. Cov no muaj xws "Amarin", "Manini", "Novonorm", "Diabeton". Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab nkaus xwb los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Txhua lub cev yog sib txawv, cov neeg hnov mob txawv. Ib txhia tsis xav tias tus kho nyhuv, cov ntshav qab zib tseem nyob rau ntawm tib theem. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, tus kws kho mob yuav tau ntsuam xyuas kev kho mob thiab muab lwm yam tshuaj los yog hloov cov tshuaj.

Hlau cov khoom rau cov ntshav. Nrog ib shortage ntawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv cov ntshav yuav ua tsis rau kev kawm ntau npaum li cas ntawm hemoglobin, uas muab hloov mus rau lwm cov txheej txheem erythrocytes oxygen los ntawm lub ntsws rau tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg. Los cov pa starvation. Lub txim ntawm no - ntshav liab tsawg. Niaj hnub nimno cov tshuaj uas txhim kho cov ntshav siv los kho anemia, muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum tau npaum li cas ntawm cov hlau, uas yog tau los li qub hematopoiesis. Nrog rau cov noj mov yog tsis yooj yim sua kom ua tau xws li ib tug ceev ceev nyhuv. Drug koob tshuaj hlau tshaj qhov tau assimilation ntawm lub hnub tus nqi Ferrum lub cev 20 lub sij hawm. Yog li ntawd hais tias attempts sau cov hlau nrog tus kab mob no lub xeev siv xwb noj qab nyob zoo cov khoom noj yuav tsis muab cov kev kawm tau. Peb yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb cov tshuaj.

1. Txhais tau tias, uas yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ferrous sulfate ntsev, muaj vitamins uas yuav ua tau kom kev zom thiab nqus ntawm yam compound. Cov feem nrov tshuaj yog:

• ntsiav tshuaj "Tardiferron", "Sorbifer durules";
• Tsiav tshuaj "Ferrofolgamma" "Ferretab" "Fenyuls";
• Tsiav tshuaj rau cov me nyuam, phoov, dauv "Aktiferrin";
• thaum lawv tseem nyob rau hauv ib tug tov ntawm hlau gluconate, manganese thiab zinc - "Totem";
• Ntsiav tshuaj "gemofer";
• lub zoo-paub pab tau delicacy "Hematogen".

2. Medicaments uas muaj ferric hlau. Ib tug feature yog kev siv ntawm tej kev npaj los mus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hlau hydroxide polimaltozata:

• ntsiav tshuaj "Ferrum Lek", "Maltofer", "Biofer";
• phoov tshuaj Ncos "Fenyuls" "Maltofer" "Ferlatum";
• kev daws teeb meem rau intramuscular coj "Ferrum Lek", "Maltofer", "Argeferr", "Venofer", "Kosmofer".

Tshuaj yog siv yog hais tias tus neeg mob muaj ib tug kab mob ntawm tus mob huam, txhab me me hlab ntsha, raws li zoo raws li kev txhaj tshuaj muaj qhia nrog loj ntshav poob. Tso dej raws leeg txoj kev ntawm koom haum saib xyuas yog ua tau ces thrombophlebitis npaj.