Bionics - ib tug tsi ntawm science? Yuav ua li cas yog kev kawm bionics? Daim ntawv thov ntawm bionics

Bionics lus hais tias: "Xwm paub zoo tshaj plaws." Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm science yog tias? Tus heev lub npe thiab lub motto pab kom peb to taub li cas bionics yog txuam nrog cov xwm. Muaj ntau ntawm peb cov kev nyuaj siab txhua txhua hnub nrog lub ntsiab thiab kev tshwm sim ntawm kev kawm ntawm bionics, txawm tsis paub txog nws.

Koj twb tau hnov txog xws li ib tug science li bionics?

Biology - ib tug nrov paub, uas peb ua tswvcuab hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Rau ib txhia yog vim li cas, muaj ntau yam ntseeg tau hais tias bionics - ib qho ntawm lub tswj ntawm biology. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov no daim ntawv qhia yog tsis nkaus muaj tseeb. Tseeb, nyob rau hauv lub vos siab ntawm lo lus bionics - lub science uas kawm muaj sia nyob. Tab sis ntau dua peb accustomed mus rau cov nyob qib qub nrog cov lus qhia ib yam dab tsi lwm tus. Applied bionics - lub science uas combines ib thiab technology.

Subject thiab kwv uas bionic kev tshawb fawb

Yuav ua li cas yog kev kawm bionics? Yuav kom teb tau lo lus nug no peb yuav tsum tau xav txog ib tug yam ntxwv division ntawm txoj kev qhia nws tus kheej.

Lom bionics investigates qhov xwm ntawm nws yog dab tsi, tsis muaj kev los mus cuam tshuam. Lub homphiaj ntawm nws txoj kev tshawb no yog dab uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau lom systems.

Bionics kev tshawb fawb deals nrog txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas tau raug pom nyob rau hauv cov xwm, thiab raws li nyob rau hauv lawv tsim ib tug theoretical qauv ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej nyob rau hauv technology.

Tswv yim (kev) bionics - yog daim ntawv thov ntawm theoretical qauv nyob rau hauv xyaum. Uas yog hais tias, lub tswv yim kev siv ntawm ib tug kev qhov nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

Qhov uas nws tag nrho cov pib?

Bionics txiv hu ua Velikogo Leonardo da Vinci. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus ntse heev muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau kev embodiment thawj sim tej yam ntuj tso mechanisms. Da Vinci drawings piv txwv li no nws lub siab xav mus ua ib tug aircraft peev xwm ntawm mus rau tis zoo li ib tug noog nyob rau hauv lub davhlau. Nyob rau ntawm ib lub sij hawm, xws tswv yim twb dhau lawm daring ua nrov. Lawv yuam ua kom lawv tus kheej npaum li cas tom qab ntawd.

Cov thawj uas pib siv tej ntsiab cai ntawm bionics nyob rau hauv architecture yog Antoni Gaudi-thiab-Kurnet. Nws lub npe yog nrees nraim nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm no science. Architectural vaj tse los ntawm tus poj Gaudí Vaj kub siab heev thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lawv cov kev siv, thiab kev zoo siab lawv evoke nyob rau hauv ntau xyoo nyob rau hauv niaj hnub soj ntsuam.

Cov tom ntej no, uas txhawb lub tswv yim ntawm symbiosis ntawm qhov thiab technology, los ua Rudolf Steiner. Nyob rau hauv nws kev coj noj coj, nws pib thoob plaws siv cov bionic hauv paus ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub tsev tsim.

Pom zoo los ntawm bionics raws li ywj siab science tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1960 rau ib lub scientific symposium ntawm Daytona.

Cov kev loj hlob ntawm computer technology thiab xaam modeling cia niaj hnub architects rau ntau sai sai thiab muaj ntau cov neeg mus embody nyob rau hauv architecture thiab lwm yam lag luam yim pab ntawm qhov.

Ntuj prototypes ntawm kev siv cov twj

Qhov yooj yim piv txwv yog lub hav zoov ntawm science bionics invention hinges. Txhua leej txhua tus paub fixture, raws li nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm ib feem ntawm cov qauv nyob ib ncig ntawm lwm cov. Qhov no txoj ntsiab cai no siv seashells, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tswj tau nws ob tug li qub, thiab qhib los yog kaw rau lawv raws li xav tau. Pacific giant cockles mus txog qhov luaj li cas ntawm 15-20 cm. Joint hauv paus ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas lawv zoo li yooj yim pom mus rau tus liab qab qhov muag. Fine cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no tsiaj tau siv tib txoj kev kho li qub.

Nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub peb feem ntau siv ib tug ntau yam ntawm ciaj tais. Ntuj analogue ntawm xws li ib tug ntaus ntawv yuav ntse thiab pincer Godwits beak. Cov noog siv ib tug nyias kaus ncauj, so nws nyob rau hauv lub mos av, thiab rub tawm ntawm me me kab, cua nab thiab thiaj li nyob.

Muaj ntau niaj hnub seev thiab pab kiag li lawm nruab nrog suction khob. Piv txwv li, lawv yog siv los txhim kho lub designs ntawm ntau yam chav ua noj khoom siv ob txhais ceg los mus tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm skidding thaum lub sij hawm lub lag luam. Tsis tas li ntawd, xuas khob ntsuas nrog tshwj xeeb khau qhov rais tshuaj high-sawv vaj tse los xyuas kom meej lawv muaj kev ruaj ntseg fixation. Qhov no yooj yim ntaus ntawv yog tseem borrowed los ntawm cov xwm. Tsob ntoo qav, nrog nws ko taw nyob rau hauv lub suckers, tsis tshua muaj cleverly yuav nyob du thiab nplua nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag, thiab pos i hws yog tsim nyog rau ze nrog lawv cov neeg raug.

Koj yuav nrhiav tau ntau tej qauv. Bionics - qhov no yog cia li science uas yuav pab ib tug neeg qiv los ntawm qhov xwm ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem rau lawv cov inventions.

Leej twg yog tus thawj - qhov los yog cov neeg?

Nws zaum kuj tshwm sim hais tias ib tug los yog lwm invention ntawm noob neej rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, "patented" xwm. Hais tias yog, tus inventors, tsim ib yam dab tsi uas tsis replicate, thiab tuaj mus nrog cov technology nws tus kheej los yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub lag luam, thiab ces nws hloov tawm hais tias lub ntuj puag ncig yog ib tug ntev lub sij hawm muaj, thiab koj yuav cia li xauj thiab kawm tau.

Qhov no yog dab tsi tshwm sim nrog cov ib txwm Velcro khawm ris uas yog siv los ntawm txiv neej rau fastening khaub ncaws. Nws tau raug qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov noog plaub rau coupling ntawm ib tug nyias barbules kuj siv hooks, zoo li cov neeg uas nyob rau ntawm lub Velcro.

Tus qauv ntawm lub Hoobkas cub muaj analogy nrog hollow stems ntawm grasses. Lub longitudinal qhov cuab lub zog siv nyob rau hauv cov kav dej, zoo li tus sclerenchyma strands nyob rau hauv lub kav. Steel ntiv nplhaib nruj - lub interstices. Nyias daim tawv nqaij nyob rau sab nraum ntawm cov kav - yog ib tug analogue ntawm lub kauv qhov cuab lub zog nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov yeeb nkab. Dua li ntawm qhov zoo kawg li zoo sib thooj ntawm cov qauv, zaum tau ntawm nws tus kheej invented xwb xws li ib txoj kev tsim kho ntawm lub Hoobkas cub, thiab tsuas yog tom qab pom tus neeg ntawm lub tsev nrog tej yam ntuj tso ntsiab.

Bionics thiab tshuaj

Daim ntawv thov ntawm bionics nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj ua rau nws ua tau rau txuag lub neej ntawm ntau tus neeg mob. Tsis siv ceev xwmphem, ua hauj lwm yog raws li nram no nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm cov khoom cua kabmob, uas tau khiav lag luam nyob rau hauv symbiosis nrog tib neeg lub cev.

Tus thawj muaj hmoo txaus los ua ib tug bionic prosthesis Dane Dennis Aabo. Nws poob ib nrab ntawm nws ob txhais tes, tab sis tam sim no muaj peev xwm paub tej yam khoom rau lub kov nrog lub invention cov kws kho mob. Nws prosthesis yog kev cob cog rua rau paj txoj cuam tshuam limb. Sensors dag ntiv tes yuav tau sau cov lus qhia txog lub kov khoom thiab kis tau nws mus rau lub hlwb. Cov kev siv rau lub caij yog tsis tau tiav, nws yog heev cumbersome, ua rau nws yooj yim mus siv nws nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, tab sis peb muaj peev xwm twb hu no technology ib tug tiag tiag discovery.

Tag nrho cov kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no yog kiag li raws li nyob rau hauv luam ntuj thiab mechanisms thiab lawv txoj kev kawm. Qhov no yog cov kev kho mob bionics. Xyuas zaum hais tias tsis ntev lawv ua hauj lwm yuav ua kom nws tau hloov lub hnav nyob tib neeg lub cev thiab es tsis txhob siv cov neeg kho tshuab prototypes. Nws yeej yuav tsum yog tus loj tshaj kev kho mob txhob.

Bionics nyob rau hauv architecture

Architecture thiab siv cov kev faib bionics - ib tug tshwj xeeb ceg ntawm lub bionic science, uas nws ua hauj lwm yuav ib tug organic reunion ntawm architecture thiab cov xwm. Tsis ntev los no, ntau thiab ntau ntau nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov niaj hnub designs xa mus rau bionic hauv paus ntsiab lus borrowed los ntawm muaj sia nyob.

Niaj hnub no, architectural bionics los ua ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib architectural style. Nws yug los nrog ib tug yooj yim daim ntawv cov ntaub ntawv, thiab tam sim no cov hauj lwm ntawm no science yog los txais yuav lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, cov nta thiab technically siv lawv.

Tej zaum cov architectural style hu ua EKOSTIL. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov kev cai ntawm bionics - yog:

• nrhiav kom pom lub ntsiab;
• lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev khwv nyiaj txiag ntawm cov ntaub ntawv;
• nyiaj pab ntau tshaj ecological hauv paus ntsiab lus;
• lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub zog txuag.

Raws li koj tau pom, bionics nyob rau hauv architecture - tsis yog tsuas yog impressive daim ntawv, tab sis kuj advanced technology los mus tsim ib tug qauv kom tau raws li niaj hnub yuav tsum tau.

Cov yam ntxwv architectural lug bionic

Raws li yav dhau los nyob rau hauv architecture thiab kev tsim kho, nws yuav tau hais tias tag nrho cov tib neeg lug yog puas yooj yim thiab luv luv-nyob, yog hais tias lawv tsis txhob siv txoj cai lij choj ntawm xwm. Bionic tsev, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub amazing nrhiav thiab bold architectural kev daws teeb meem, yog resistant, tau mas phiv tej yam ntuj tso cov txheej xwm thiab kev puas tsuaj.

Tus sab nrauv ntawm lub vaj tse ua nyob rau hauv no style yuav pom los ntawm cov ntsiab ntawm cov nyem, nrhiav, nkhaus, cleverly theej tus tsim engineer nrog ib tug nyob, tej yam ntuj tso khoom thiab brilliantly embodied los ntawm architects, builders.

Yog hais tias mam li nco dheev ntawm qhov pom ntawm ib tug architectural khoom yuav zoo li hais tias koj tab tom nrhiav nyob rau ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab, feem ntau yuav ua ntej koj tsim nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm bionics. Piv txwv li lug yuav pom nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov teb chaws, capitals thiab loj technologically advanced lub zos nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

Tus tsim ntawm lub tshiab Millennium

Txawm nyob rau hauv lub 90 xyoo ntawm lub Mev pab neeg ntawm architects ntawm lub tsev peb tes num tau raug tsim, raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug kiag li tswvyim tshiab. Qhov no 300-storey tsev uas nws qhov siab yog ntau tshaj 1200 m xeeb uas lub zog ntawm qhov no ntauwd yuav tshwm sim ntawm plaub puas kab rov tav thiab ntsug elevators uas nws ceev -. 15 m / s. Lub teb chaws, tau pom zoo txhawb nqa peb tes num, yog Tuam Tshoj. Shanghai - lub feem ntau populous nroog tau raug xaiv rau qhov kev siv. Yuav ua raws li peb tes num yuav daws tau qhov demographic teeb meem ntawm lub cheeb tsam.

Pej thuam yuav kiag li bionic qauv. Architects ntseeg hais tias nws tsuas yog tau muab lub dag lub zog thiab durability. Cov tsab qauv yog ib tug cypress ntoo. Architectural muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsis tsuas muaj ib tug cylindrical zoo, zoo li ib tug ntoo, tab sis kuj mus rau lub "hauv paus hniav" - ib tug tshiab hom bionic foundation.

Cov txheej cover ntawm lub tsev - nws yog zas thiab breathable cov khoom uas simulates cov tawv ntoo ntawm ib tug ntoo. Cua txias system ntawm lub ntsug nroog yog ib qho analogue ntawm lub tshav kub tswj muaj nuj nqi ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Raws li cov forecasts zaum thiab architects, lub tuam tsev no yuav tsis nyob twj ywm ib tug xwb ntawm nws hom. Tom qab lub kev vam meej kev siv ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm bionic lug nyob rau hauv lub architecture ntawm lub ntiaj teb no yuav tsuas ua rau kom.

Bionic vaj tse nyob ib ncig ntawm peb

Nyob rau hauv ib co zoo-paub tej hauj lwm ntawm qhov kev kawm ntawm bionics nws siv? Piv txwv li lug yog ib qho yooj yim mus nrhiav tau. Txais yam tsawg kawg ib tug txheej txheem ntawm creation ntawm lub Eiffel Tower. Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm muaj tau xaiv tias cov 300 'meter' cim ntawm Fabkis yog ua raws li cov drawings ntawm ib tug tsis paub As engineer. Tom qab ntawd nws tau ices nws tiav analogy nrog cov qauv ntawm ib tug loj femur pob txha txiv neej.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub Eiffel ntauwd nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb no koj yuav nrhiav tau ntau yam piv txwv ntawm bionic lug:

• Sydney Opera tsev twb ua tau lub tsev by analogy nrog lub qhaus paj.
• Beijing National Opera tsev - ib rab ntawm ib tug dej droplet.
• Pas ua luam complex nyob rau hauv Beijing. Externally rov qab ua dua siv lead ua ntxaij ntoo qauv ntawm cov dej. Amazing tsim tshuaj combines tsim thiab ib tug pab tau lub sij hawm mus ntxiv lub hnub lub zog thiab siv nws nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej rau tag nrho cov muab hluav taws xob khoom siv kev khiav hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tsev.
• Skyscraper "Aqua" zoo nkaus li zoo li ib tug kwj ntawm cov ntog dej. Nyob rau hauv Chicago.
• Lub tsev ntawm tus tsim ntawm lub architectural bionics Antonio Gaudi - qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj bionic lug. Kom txog rau thaum hnub no, nws tau khaws cia nws aesthetic nqi thiab tseem yog ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau nrov tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Barcelona.

Paub yuav tsum tau rau txhua tus

Summing li, peb yuav xyuam xim hais tias: txhua yam uas kawm bionics, yam thiab tsim nyog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub neej niaj hnub. Txhua leej txhua tus yuav tsum paub lawv tus kheej nrog lub scientific hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm bionics. Yog tsis muaj qhov no nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau science thiab hauj kev kawm nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm tib neeg kev ua si. Bionics - qhov no yog yav tom ntej peb nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog cov xwm.