Binary: xam thiab useability

Los ntawm thaum yau qhia peb ua tej yam uas indispensable nyob rau hauv neeg laus lub neej: mus ua tej yam yooj yim cov kauj ruam paub cai mus hais lus, nyeem thiab suav. Tej zaum txhua leej txhua tus nco yuav ua li cas nyuaj nws twb muab ib tug qhab nia nyob rau hauv cov qib kindergarten los yog nyob rau hauv thawj lub tsev kawm ntawv, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau tau siv rau tsiaj cov nuj nqis. Tom qab ib co sij hawm, peb thiaj li accustomed mus rau lub fact tias txhua yam yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub decimal cim (score, nyiaj, lub sij hawm), uas tsis txawm xav tias lub hav zoov ntawm lwm lub (kuj lug siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ntau lawm los yog nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm nws ).

Ib tug ntawm cov "tsis yog-tus qauv" naj npawb ntawm cov kev xaiv yog ib tug binary system. Raws li lub npe implies, rau tag nrho cov txheej ntawm cov cim nyob rau hauv nws muaj 0 thiab 1. Txawm hais tias nws mas yooj yim, tab sis lub binary system yog siv nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau nyuaj rau hnub kev pab kiag li lawm - computers thiab lwm yam cia li ceg.

Cov lus nug tshwm sim: yog vim li cas koj txiav txim siab hais tias koj siv nws, vim hais tias cov txiv neej yog yooj yim npaum li ua kom pom tseeb rau hauv lub li ib txwm 10 tus xov tooj? Lub fact tias cov computer - ib lub tshuab uas sau los ntawm hluav taws xob, thiab nws cov mos mos txuj lom yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov nyuaj algorithm ntawm kev ua. Binary system los ntawm lub foundations ntawm cov computer yog muab piv mus rau lwm yam series ntawm zoo:

1. Rau cov tshuab muaj 2 lub xeev: khiav los yog tsis, muaj yog ib tug tam sim no los yog tsis muaj tam sim no. Txhua yam ntawm cov xeev yog yus los ntawm ib tug ntawm cov cim: 0 - "tsis muaj", 1 - "yawg."

2. Cov binary (binary) system tso cai mus piv rau tus ntaus ntawv chips (i.e., txaus kom muaj ob raws rau ntau hom kev Pib ntsais koj teeb).

3. Qhov no system yog tsawg nws cuam thiab ceev ceev. Suab nrov tiv thaiv vim hais tias cov yooj yooj yim thiab tau yuav raug txo software tsis ua hauj lwm, tab sis, theej vim hais tias cov binary algebra yog yooj yim npaum li realizable tshaj decimal.

4. Boolean hauj lwm nrog binary xov tooj yuav ua rau ntau yooj yim dua. Feem ntau, logic algebra (Boolean) meant kom to taub lub complex kev ntawm lub teeb liab transduction nyob rau hauv kev computer systems.

Yog hais tias koj kawm tau los ntawm ib tug kev tshwj xeeb, tej zaum koj paub txog cov qauv uas sawv cev ntawm tus xov tooj nyob rau hauv binary daim ntawv. Feem ntau, ib tug neeg inexperienced nyob rau hauv xws li teeb meem, xam ua hauj lwm nrog 0 thiab 1 yog yuav tsum tau rau ib tug xav paub ntau tshaj nkag siab txog ntawm lub computer, uas muaj tseeb txhua leej txhua tus muaj.

Yog li ntawd, nrog pes tsawg thiab ib tug yuav ua tau tib yam zauv lag luam raws li nrog pa xov tooj. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, peb yuav tsis xav txog kev ua hauj lwm xws li inversion, tsis tas li ntawd modulo 2 thiab lwm yam (purely kev).

Xav txog yuav ua li cas rau qhov sib ntxiv nyob rau hauv ib tug binary system. Piv txwv li, ntxiv ob tus xov tooj: 1001 thiab 1110. Txij li thaum kawg paug, folding: 1 + 0 = 1, ces 0 + 1 = 1, lub nram qab no: 0 + 1 = 1, thiab thaum kawg 1 + 1 = 10. Tag nrho cov peb tau txais tus xov tooj 10111.

Rho nyob rau hauv binary tooj system raws li cov ntsiab cai. Noj piv txwv li tib tus, tab sis tam sim no rho 1110 los ntawm 1001. Tau kuj nrog rau lub xeem lej: 0-1 = 1 (rho tawm 1 of rau theem tom ntej), hereinafter xa mus rau raws li tus qauv. Tag nrho cov 101.

Cov kev faib thiab npaug kuj muaj siv txawv nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus peb yuav siv mus rau lub decimal daim ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus binary, ternary thov mus rau computer, octal thiab hexadecimal tooj systems.