Armor homogeneous niaj hnub tso tsheb hlau luam: lub dag zog, rikoshetosposobnost

Armor - tus tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv uas, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm siab stability thiab kuj mus rau sab nraud yam hem deformation thiab ua txhaum cai ntawm txoj kev ntseeg. Tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lo lus nug: seb tus knightly armor los yog hnyav txheej uas niaj hnub sib ntaus los tsheb, lub hom phiaj tseem yog ib tug - los tiv thaiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thiab coj tus Brunt.

. Homogeneous Armor - tus tiv thaiv txheej yog ib tug homogeneous khoom uas muaj zog lub dag lub zog thiab ib tug niaj hnub tus ntoo khaub lig seem thoob plaws hauv lub tshuaj nyob tus yeees thiab tib zog. Nws yog hais txog qhov no hom ntawm kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau tham nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm tshwm sim ntawm tej cuab yeej

Tus thawj mention ntawm armor pom nyob rau hauv medieval chaw, peb yuav tau tham txog lub armor thiab shields ntawm warriors. Lawv lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj yog los tiv thaiv lub cev qhov chaw ntawm swords, sabers, axes, hmuv rau cov tibneeg, sub, thiab lwm yam riam phom.

Nrog lub advent ntawm rab phom los ua tsim nyog los renounce siv ntawm ib tug kuj mos mos ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua khoom ntawm armor thiab mus rau ib tug ntau check thiab resistant mus deformation, tsis zoo xwb, tab sis kuj mus rau lub chaw alloys.

Thaum lub sij hawm, lub decorations siv nyob rau hauv shields thiab armor ua lub cim raws li txoj cai thiab hwm cov nom tswv cajceg, pib tawm nyob rau hauv lub dhau los lawm. Daim ntawv armor thiab shields pib simplifying, muab txoj kev uas yuav practicality.

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub ntiaj teb kawm svolsya rau haiv neeg speeds invention ntawm tshiab riam phom thiab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm hais tias. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, simplification ntawm cov duab ntawm lub armor coj mus rau nqi txo (vim tsis muaj kev jewellery), tab sis ntau zog practicality. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub armor tau ua ntau mus siv cuag.

Hlau thiab steel tau siv thiab ntxiv thaum twg lub taub hau lub sawv zoo thiab thickness ntawm tej cuab yeej. Phenomenon rawv nrog boat- thiab mechanical engineering, li zoo raws li lub strengthening ntawm av vaj tse thiab lub qeeb-tsiv sib ntaus los units zoo li catapults thiab ballista.

hom ntawm tej cuab yeej

Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam dabneeg cai kev txhim kho zoo li thickness uas maj mam coj mus rau lub rov tshwm sim ntawm cov niaj hnub hom armor (tank, nkoj, aircraft thiab cov zoo li. D.).

Nyob rau hauv hnub no lub ntiaj teb no ntawm caj npab haiv neeg tsis tau kev tso txawm rau ib tug lub sij hawm ntawd uas ua rau yus lub emergence ntawm tshiab hom kev tiv thaiv raws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm countering cov uas twb muaj lawm riam phom.

Raws li cov kev tsim nta paub qhov txawv cov nram qab no ntawm tej cuab yeej:

• homogeneous;
• armored;
• mounted;
• spaced.

Raws li txoj kev ntawm daim ntawv thov:

• breeches - tej cuab yeej suits rau lub cev tiv thaiv, tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi nws yog - ib tug medieval warrior armor los yog Bulletproof tsho khuam niaj hnub tub rog;
• thauj - hlau alloys nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov laug cam raws li lub mos txwv-pov thawj iav, lub hom phiaj uas yog los tiv thaiv cov neeg coob thiab coob uas xam nrog ntawm cov kos duab;
• lub nkoj - armor rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm ships (underwater thiab saum toj no-dej ib feem);
• siv - qhov zoo siv rau kev tiv thaiv bunkers, bunkers thiab emplacements sau ntoo (bunkers);
• qhov chaw - tag nrho cov hom ntawm poob siab-ntawv pov thawj cov ntxaij vab tshaus thiab tsom iav los tiv thaiv qhov chaw nres tsheb los ntawm orbital cov khib nyiab thiab qhov teeb meem los ntawm tshav ntuj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw;
• Cable - tsim los tiv thaiv submarine cables ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab check lag luam nyob rau hauv hostile ib puag ncig.

Armor homogeneous thiab heterogeneous

Ntaub ntawv siv rau qhov siv thiab ua armor, muaj kev cuam tshuam txoj kev loj hlob ntawm koj engineering design thought. Lub nyob rau ntawm cov zaub mov xws li chromium, molybdenum los yog tungsten, tso cai rau kom tsim high-zog kuaj; lawv tsis tuaj kawm ntawv tsim ib tug yuav tsum tau rau ib tug narrowly teem formations. Piv txwv li, armor phiaj, uas yog ib qho yooj yim yuav tsum tau balanced los ntawm lub rau ntawm kev nqi-zoo ratio.

By lub sij hawm armor yog muab faib ua Bulletproof, protivosnaryadnym thiab yam ntxwv. Homogeneous Armor (ntawm tib cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau tus ntoo khaub lig seem cheeb tsam) los yog ua kev (txawv compositions) siv los tsim coatings li Bulletproof thiab protivosnaryadnym. Tab sis hais tias yog tsis yog txhua txhua.

Homogeneous armor muaj ob yam tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thoob plaws tus ntoo khaub lig-sectional cheeb tsam, thiab zoo tib yam tshuaj thiab txhua yam khoom. Ua kev kuj muaj ntau txhua yam khoom (tawv steel rau hauv ib tes, piv txwv li).

Kuav los tiag homogeneous armor

Nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov raug ua cuab yeej (seb homogeneous los yog ua kev booking) txheej yog muab faib mus rau hauv:

• Kuav los tiag. Qhov no zoo ntawm tej cuab yeej cam khwb cia, sprayed nrog ib tug dov cav. Vim compression nyob rau hauv ib tug xovxwm molecule mus kom ze rau txhua lwm yam, thiab tsiaj hiav txwv cov ntaub ntawv uas tshwm sim. Qhov no hom ntawm high-zog armor muaj ib drawback: tsis amenable mus casting. Siv rau tso tsheb hlau luam, tiam sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tiaj daim hlau. Nyob rau hauv lub tank turret, piv txwv li, yuav tsum tau sib npaug.
• Cam khwb cia. Raws li, tsawg ruaj li ib feem pua, tshaj yav dhau los embodiment. Txawm li cas los, xws li ib tug txheej tej zaum yuav muab siv rau cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntauwd. Cam khwb cia homogeneous armor, ntawm chav kawm, yuav tsum muaj zog dua ua kev. Tab sis raws li lawv hais tias, yog zoo diav rau noj hmo.

destiny

Yog hais tias peb xav txog qhov Bulletproof tiv thaiv los ntawm cov pa thiab armor-tho cia nyias qhov thiab splinters me me tej yam uas tej tawg hem thiab zoo li, xws li ib tug nto tej zaum yuav muaj nyob rau hauv ob lub versions: kuav los tiag homogeneous los yog ua kev high-zog armor cemented uas muaj zog ob pem hauv ntej thiab nram qab lub sab.

Protivosnaryadnym (tiv thaiv loj zoo li) txheej no kuj sawv cev los ntawm ntau hom. Feem ntau ntawm lawv - kuav los tiag homogeneous armor thiab cam khwb cia ob peb pawg muaj zog: siab, medium thiab tsawg.

Lwm yam - dov ua kev. Nws yog ib tug cemented quenching txheej rau ntawm ib sab, uas txo lub dag lub zog "nyob rau hauv qhov tob".

Lub thickness ntawm cov tej cuab yeej nrog hwm rau hardness nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog ib qho ratio ntawm 25:15:60 (sab nraud, sab hauv, rear khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntsig txog).

daim ntawv thov

Lavxias teb sab tso tsheb hlau luam, raws li tau zoo raws li ships, tam sim no them nrog chrome-npib tsib xee los yog npib tsib xee-plated hlau. Yog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm lub ships siv los ntawm steel bronepoyas nrog isothermal hardening, tus qhab tso tsheb hlau luam overgrown nrog ib tug tiv thaiv sheath, uas muaj ob peb khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.

Piv txwv li, lub frontal armor kev sib ntaus los universal "Armata" platform sawv cev puas txheej, impenetrable rau niaj hnub anti-caliber zoo li rau 150 mm thiab cov swept subcaliber projectile caliber ntawm 120 hli.

Kuj siv Spaced Armor. Hard los mus hais tias, qhov zoo tshaj plaws armor los yog tsis. Lavxias teb sab tso tsheb hlau luam yog zoo, thiab kev txhim kho thiab tiv thaiv lawv.

Armor vs plhaub

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nws yog tsis zoo li hais tias cov mej zeej ntawm lub tank xam kom nyob rau hauv lub siab lub ncauj lus kom ntxaws tactical thiab kev yam ntxwv ntawm cov kev sib ntaus los lub tsheb, qhia dab tsi thickness ntawm lub tiv thaiv txheej thiab ib tug khauj khaum uas nws yuav pab tau kom millimeter, raws li zoo raws li dab tsi yog homogeneous armor kev sib ntaus los lub tsheb uas siv los ntawm lawv los yog tsis.

Properties Niaj hnub nimno armor yuav tsis tau piav los ntawm tsuas yog ib lub sij hawm "thickness". Rau qhov yooj yim yog vim li cas hais tias kev hem los ntawm advanced cuaj luaj, tiv thaiv uas, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tsim no containment los ntawm lub kinetic thiab tshuaj zog projectiles.

kinetic zog

Nyob rau hauv lub kinetic zog (nws yog zoo dua hais tias "ib tug kinetic kev hem thawj") yog hais txog lub peev xwm los nyem lub dawb paug plhaub armor. Piv txwv li, ib tug plhaub ntawm depleted uranium los yog tungsten carbide ntaus per se los ntawm. Homogenous steel armor puas tiv thaiv tau ib yam. Yog tsis muaj cov txheej xwm los ntawm cov uas nws muaj peev xwm yuav sib cav hais tias lub 200 mm rau 1300 hli sib npaug homogeneous ua kev.

Secret counter armor projectile lus dag nyob rau hauv lub arrangement, uas ua rau yus mus rau ib tug kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub vector ntawm lub projectile impacts on cov txheej tuab.

cumulative projectile

Tshuaj kev hem thawj sawv cev los ntawm xws li hom projectiles li anti-heev armor (raws li cov thoob ntiaj teb nomenclature yog xws li HESH) thiab cumulative (TSHAV KUB).

Nrheev projectile (contrary to nrov kev ntseeg thiab tus ntawm qhov kev ua si ntiaj teb no tso tsheb hlau luam) tsis nqa cov txuj lom. Nws txiav txim no yog raws li nyob rau hauv tej yam zog yog teem mus rau hauv ib tug nyias dav hlau uas, vim lub high siab, tsis kub, lov cov kev tiv thaiv txheej.

Kev pab tiv thaiv los ntawm projectiles xws buildup yog li ntawd-hu ua cuav armor uas assumes tej yam zog. Qhov yooj yim piv txwv yog ib tug ua los ntawm ib tug tank mesh-netting los ntawm qub txaj thaum World War II los ntawm Soviet cov tub rog.

Israelis tiv thaiv lawv cov vaj tse, "Mercan" los ntawm so rau lub nkoj steel khoom dai rau chains.

Lwm cov kev xaiv yog los tsim ib tug dynamic armor. Nyob rau hauv lub sib tsoo ntawm cov dav hlau qhia cumulative projectile sheathed khob tshwm sim armor txheej. Tawg, qhia raws li txwv mus cumulative dav hlau, ua rau dissipation ntawm lub yav tas.

landmine

Action armor-tho heev projectile thiaj li ntws dhau los armor lub cev nyob rau hauv ib tug kev sib tsoo thiab kis loj poob siab mem tes los ntawm ib tug hlau txheej. Ntxiv mus, raws li lub pins nyob rau hauv bowling, armor khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog thawb txhua lwm yam, uas ua nyob rau hauv deformation. Yog li, lub armor phaj lawm. Ntxiv mus armor txheej ya sib nrug, yuav ua kev raug mob rau cov neeg coob.

Anti-heev zoo li tej zaum yuav tsum yog tib yam li hais tias ntawm lub cumulative.

xaus

Ib dabneeg sau ua ntaub ntawv mob ntawm txawv txawv tshuaj compositions rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub tank yog ib tug cover teb chaws Yelemees teg num tsimmeritom txheej txheem. Qhov no twb ua los tiv thaiv vaj tse "tsov" thiab "Panthers" los ntawm magnetic mines.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm sib tov tsimmeritovoy muaj ntsiab xws li barium sulfate, zinc sulfide, sawdust, ochre xim thiab ib tug phau ntawv raws li nyob rau hauv polyvinyl acetate.

Siv cov sib tov pib nyob rau hauv 1943 thiab twb nyob rau hauv 1944, nyob rau hauv thaj av uas tus kom qhuav siv li ob peb hnub, thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm yog twb nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub losing sab.

Nyob rau hauv ntxiv xyaum ntawm no sib tov yog tsis pom qhov twg pom teb vim tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm kev siv ntawm magnetic infantry antitank mines thiab cov tsos ntawm ib tug ntau npaum li cas haib riam phom - antitank grenade.