Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim architectural style ntawm lub tsev yog muab rau tus account ib tug xov tooj ntawm txawv yam. Lub totality ntawm lub ntau yam ntaub ntawv ntawm architecture, tsim kho lub hom phiaj, cov theem ntawm nws artistic tus nqi, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd yog ib qho tseem ceeb cheeb tsam ntawm qhov chaw, climatic tej yam kev mob, thiab ntau lwm nta. Raws li peb tau pom, tsis txaus saib lub tsev, hais tias nws yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm lub caij Renaissance los yog flamboyant Gothic. Lub architectural style yuav tsum tau txiav txim rau lub hauv paus ntawm nruj kev thiab ua tim khawv rau analogues.
Kev formulation rau lub kev faib ntawm architectural yeej muaj tau ua tswvcuab kuj ntev los no, nyob rau hauv lub 18th caug xyoo, thiab tau ua nws twb tsis muaj kes duab vajtse. Coj lub hom phiaj, raws li nws yuav tsum tau txiav txim los ntawm lub architectural style, tus German archaeologist Iogann Vinkelman. Raws li nws tus qauv, lub ntsiab txhais ntawm ib lub tsev khoom siv yuav tsum pib nrog ib tug kev tshawb no ntawm style tsim mechanism, peb ntxiv rau kev sib piv nrog uas twb muaj lawm piv txwv thiab kawg daim ntawv yog leej twg. Nyuaj thiab tham, tab sis txhua txhua cov kev tshawb xav muaj ib txoj cai nyob ua ib ke.
Nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm dab tsi architectural style tsis tau xws li ib tug meej kev mus kom ze yog qhov tseeb hais tias ua ntej lub advent ntawm Winckelmann, nrog nws cov kev tshawb xav twb muaj ob peb hom thiab lawv tau raug lees paub tias. Gothic Cathedral ntawm 12 xyoo pua AD tsis tau meej pem nrog lub tsev, ua nyob rau hauv lub Baroque style nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm cov 18th pua, thiab lub architectural masterpieces ntawm lub Renaissance tsis kam txais rau hauv thaum ntxov classicist vaj tse. Architecture, zoo li tej lwm yam muaj tseeb kos duab tsis xav tau ib tug German pedantry thiab dryness, nws yog txaus yus nyob ua ib ke dawb do thiab delight nyob rau hauv nws cov kev zoo nkauj.
Qhov tseem uninhibited architectural style ntawm tag nrho cov uas twb muaj lawm - nws yog niaj hnub. Siv cov yam ntxwv ntawm modernity - cov rejection uas cov kab ncaj nraim. Smoothing angularity tam sim ntawd tso rau hauv lub tsev los ze zog mus rau lub ntuj, yog tias koj xav tau, los ze zog mus rau qhov. Qhov loj tshaj sau los ntawm architectural masterpieces nyob rau hauv Kos duab Nouveau style yog hauv lub tsev thiab chaw ua si thiab toj roob hauv pes kev siv ntawm Gaudi. Nws siv yog li ntawd organically haum rau hauv ib puag ncig ntuj hais tias lawv zoo li tsis tsim yaam tshab ntawm tib neeg txhais tes, thiab ntawm qhov nws tus kheej.
Art Nouveau sawv ntawm lub lem ntawm lub 19th thiab 20th centuries. Muaj ntau twb tsis lees vim hais tias ntawm lawv cov uniqueness thiab novelty ntawm tus neeg hu, tab sis tseem nws qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no architecture thiab twb yeej ib qho chaw tsis deb tom qab. Ib tug heev shocking modernist Gaudí dai kom zoo nkauj thiab yuav kho ib tug ntawm cov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws lub zos nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no - Barcelona, ua ib tug mus ntsib mus rau lub zos no ntawm tus npau suav ntawm tag nrho cov neeg ncig chaw. Heev lub tsev zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv lub Art Nouveau style nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, nyob rau hauv Nevsky Prospect. Qhov no yog tus qub "lub tsev ntawm lub Singer", tam sim no nws rapolozhen tsev ntawv. Zingerovsky tsev - ib qho ntawm feem elegant vaj tse nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb capital.
Rau vaj tse nyob rau hauv lub Art Nouveau style nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg kuj siv Vitebsk chaw nres tsheb. Thiab nyob rau hauv Moscow architectural style Art Nouveau yog ib tug zoo kawg li tsev loj Ryabushinsky ranked Schechtel. Qhov no yog ib tug txawj ntse kws kes duab vajtse ua lub Yaroslavl chaw nres tsheb nyob rau hauv Moscow. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv Moscow, nyob rau tsev ua yeeb yam Square yog lub Metropol tsev so, cov kws kes duab vajtse Valkot - ib qho ntawm feem tseem ceeb architectural monuments nyob rau hauv lub Art Nouveau style.
Ib tug precursor ntawm Art Nouveau yog tus architectural style ntawm classicism. Nws yog nws rigor nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab puav pheej rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Art Nouveau. Ib yam li ntawd, raws li cov Baroque thiab Rococo los ua qhov ua rau nyob rau hauv lub neej muaj kev koom nrog "whipped qab zib" thiab maj tsiv nyob rau hauv lub Classicist style, tsis muaj frills, thiab nruj classicism twb supplanted freer architectural Art Nouveau style. Tsis muaj dab tsi sawv tseem, qhov no kuj siv rau architecture. Tab sis ua ntej nws demise classicism yog nyob rau hauv coob los ntawm architects rau ze li ntawm ob puas xyoo. Los ntawm nws tus kheej, qhov no style yog qhov tseeb, meej pem thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tsis devoid ntawm txoj kev hlub. Classicism nyhav Symmetry, kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov duab, simplicity thiab solidity, uas yog yuav tsum muaj.
Tag nrho cov nta yuav muaj nyob rau hauv ancient architecture. Los yeej muaj, thiab tau raug coj ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm kho kom zoo nkauj thiab siab tshaj plaws geometricity npaj tsis tau tsuas yog vaj tse, tab sis tag nrho lub zos. classical loog rau ntau yog txaus nyiam, thiab tshiab lub zos tau ua nyob rau hauv lub hwj huam ntawm lub architectural style.