Amblyopia: Kev Kho Mob rau cov neeg laus

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Tus kab mob no kuj yog ib tug nrov npe - "tub nkeeg qhov muag." Qhov no ocular pathology, nyob rau hauv uas tus txheej txheem ntawm kev koom tes nrog nyob rau hauv tsuas yog ib qho qhov muag ntawm tus txiv neej. Cov neeg mob uas amblyopia tau txo nrig txog kev pom acuity, uas yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua yuav tau kho cov kho qhov muag txoj kev. Feem ntau tus kab mob no muaj feem xyuam rau cov me nyuam ntawm tag nrho cov muaj hnub nyoog, tab sis nws yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus. Nrog kom tau thaum ntxov thiab sai tshem tawm ntawm lub yog vim li cas uas provoked tus kab mob, kev kho yog ceev. Tej zaum tus kab mob amblyopia kev kho mob rau cov neeg laus yog luag tsis yooj yim sua, yog hais tias tus kab mob no yog pib, thiab cov kws kho mob ua ib tug heev cov neeg pluag raug.

Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm nrig txog kev pom kev ua nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg noj qab nyob muab kev koom tes, raws li ib tug txoj cai, ob lub qhov muag. Lawv siv lawv cov qhov muag pom analyzer, lub ntaus nqi duab ntawm cov khoom nyob ib ncig tus txiv neej, uas kis los ntawm tus kho qhov muag nruab nrab. Cov duab no yog npaj mus rau lub retina thiab lub hlwb ntsuam lub resulting piav thoob hlo kev. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib tug neeg noj qab nyob tau ntsib peb tej mob uas tsim nyog rau cov hauj lwm ntawm lub nrig txog kev pom analyzer: txaus transparency ntawm optical xov xwm ntawm lub qhov muag, ntshiab thiab cov kom pom tseeb ntawm daim duab nyob rau hauv lub retina, raws li zoo raws li ib txwm lub hlwb ua hauj lwm rau lub xaav thiab kis tau tus mob ntawm nrig txog kev pom cov ntaub ntawv.

Ib tug amblyopia nyob rau hauv kab mob kev kho mob rau cov neeg laus yog tsis tau vim hais tias raws li lub sij hawm thiab muaj ib tug disturbance ntawm ib tug los yog ntau tshaj ntawm cov saum toj no tej yam kev mob. Healthy ob lub qhov muag los yog ib tug uas ib tug neeg pom zoo, occupies ib tug leading txoj hauj lwm, thiab lub qhov muag nrog qhov phem tshaj ua si nrog lub sij hawm tawm los ntawm lub nrig txog kev pom cov txheej txheem.

Feem ntau, cov ua ntawm tus kab mob no, muaj ntau ntau yam. Nyob ntawm seb lawv qhov amblyopia, nws hom thiab kho raws li nram no:

- kho qhov muag los yog refractive, amblyopia, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tej yam mob ntawm tus kho qhov muag yam ntxwv ntawm lub qhov muag. Myopia thiab hyperopia high degree ntawm astigmatism, ib tug loj ntau qhov sib txawv nyob rau hauv lub kho qhov muag lub hwj huam ntawm ob lub qhov muag ua rau no hom ntawm amblyopia. Nws tshwm sim feem ntau thiab feem ntau yooj yim zam yog hais tias tus lub sij hawm mus pib kho mob. Cov kws kho mob muab cov tshuaj spectacle kho ntawm nrig txog kev pom kev tsis taus, thiab refractive amblyopia disappears.

- amblyopia ntawm obscure keeb kwm, uas tshwm sim mas nyob rau hauv thaum yau, vim hais tias nws yog txuas mus rau feem ntau ntawm inborn uas tsis transparency ntawm optical xov xwm ntawm lub qhov muag. Qhov no hom ntawm amblyopia yuav tsim vim lub mas yuav kis tau cataracts, corneal raug mob nrog caws pliav tom qab nws cataracts thiab lwm yam kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub vitreous lub cev. Qhov no yog qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv daim ntawv ntawm amblyopia, uas yog zoo untreatable thiab twv seb lub txim ntawm no hom ntawm tus kab mob yog heev yooj yim rau cov kws khomob.

- strabismic amblyopia. Cov qhov muag muaj ib co sib txawv los ntawm nws cov taw tes ntawm fixation tshwm sim los nyob rau hauv strabismus los yog nystagmus. Cov mob entail cov tsos ntawm amblyopia nyob rau hauv tib neeg.

- psychogenic amblyopia rau cov neeg laus, uas nyob rau hauv feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lawv tawm tsam ntau yam ntaub ntawv ntawm hysteria. Vim lub loj kev nyuaj siab tshwm sim mam li nco dheev unilateral los yog ob sab sib dho tsis pom. Nws kuj yuav nrog nws cov lus los ntawm cov emergence of photophobia, cuam tshuam ntawm cov xim thiab ntxoov xaav, lwm yam haumxeeb mob ntawm lub qhov muag. Qhov no daim ntawv ntawm amblyopia zoo yuav kho nrog lub kws kho nyob rau hauv ib tug raws sijhawm. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ophthalmologists kom tus neeg mob mus yauv mus kho mob los ntawm ib tug psychologist, raws li psychogenic ua amblyopia yog rooted tsis nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag thiab nyob rau hauv lub hlwb rau cov tib neeg lub hlwb.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tau nco ntsoov hais tias tus yau tus neeg mob, yog li ntawd muaj yog ib tug siab ntau yam ntawm ib tug zoo tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob vim hais tias amblyopia nrog tus kab mob no, cov kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg laus yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw ntau npaum li cas tsis yooj yim li tus quab yuam yuav pib ua hauj lwm retina "tub nkeeg qhov muag" yog heev yooj yim. Yog hais tias tus neeg ntawd yog ib tug me nyuam muaj teeb meem tsis pom thiab cov niam txiv tsis pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kho qhov muag, los yog strabismic amblyopia ntawm obscure tom qab rau cov teeb meem no, tus kab mob no yog tsis muaj ntev tsawv rau hauv adulthood. Hysterical amblyopia tshwm sim mam li nco dheev thiab poob nthav, thiab nws yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus. Feem ntau, tus kab mob no yog preceded los ntawm ib tug muaj zog lub siab lub ntsws poob siab, uas ua rau yus mus rau lub "off" ib lub qhov muag rau ib tug ob peb teev, thiab nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub rau ob peb lub hlis. Tus kab mob no kuj tso tseg nthawv, yuav ua li cas nws pib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias tus neeg mob tau muab rau sedatives thiab chav kawm ntawm lub hlwb kev pab.

Ua ntej koj yuav pib nrog tus kab mob no Amblyopia kho mob rau cov neeg laus yuav tsum tau tshem tawm tag nrho cov kab mob uas yuav ua tau kom tsis pom kev. Nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam feem ntau yog nqa tawm los ntawm kev kho mob ntawm lub occlusion, i.e. shutdown ntawm lub nrig txog kev pom cov txheej txheem siv tshwj xeeb active shutter qhov muag. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, cov kws kho mob sim qhia kom "qhia" thiab "quab yuam" mus ua hauj lwm untapped ob lub qhov muag. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tom ntej mus nqa tawm xws li ib tug txheej txheem yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua, vim hais tias lub qhov muag yuav tsis tshua muaj mobile thiab teb tsis zoo rau conservative kho. Amblyopia ntawm obscure keeb kwm, nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm peb lub xyoos, tom qab lub 11-12 xyoos yuav irreversible thiab untreatable. Nws yog yog li ntawd ib qho tseem ceeb mus tham ib tug kws kho mob raws li ib tug me nyuam, raws li ib tug neeg laus los kho tej daim ntawv ntawm amblyopia yog nyuab npaum li cas tshaj tus me nyuam.