Abkhazia Anakopia Fortress (New Athos): hauj lwm, keeb kwm

Txij ancient sij hawm, qhov chaw uas zoo heev ntawm Abkhazia yog ib tug ntau ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv lug. Txawm li cas los, nws yog no fortress, nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Tshiab Athos, suav hais tias yog feem ntau zoo-khaws cai monument ntawm keeb kwm.

Anakopia majestic tsev fuabtais uas nws coordinates - 43 ° 5'40 "N 40 ° 48'29" E twb ua nyob rau hauv sab saum toj ntawm lub roob ntawm lub Iberian. Txhais los ntawm lub Abkhaz lus nws lub npe txhais tau tias "rugged." Tab sis lub Greeks hu ua fortress lub raj cua, uas translates li "nyuaj Rocky", yog li ntawd tsis tsis tau ras yog hais tias nyob rau hauv ib co neeg mus ncig tebchaws guides koj yuav tau raws li lub npe-Anakopiya lub raj cua.

Anakopia fortress keeb kwm

Qhov no av tau ntev tau rov los txhoj puab heev cov neeg nyob ze. Kws muaj txuj ci lug tau ntev lawm nto moo rau Abkhazia. Anakopia fortress twb npaj ntxiv dag zog rau ciam teb rau lwm thiab tiv thaiv tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab. Nyob rau hauv thawj centuries AD, lub Caucasus, precisely ntau thaj ib sab ntawm nws yog nyob rau hauv cov Loos. Nyob rau hauv III- IV centuries Kolkhida invaded nomadic Hun, npaj txhij, thiab sab qaum teb-Caucasian mountaineers.

Cov rog ntawm cov neeg Loos, nyob ntawm no nyob rau lub sij hawm no, yog siv los tswj thiab subordination ntawm lub zos cov pej xeem thiab tiv thaiv peripheral muaj Vostochnorimskoy (Byzantine) teb chaws Ottoman. Abazgs thiab manholes yuav tsum tau zov cov dhau thiab sau sab qaum teb. Nws yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv zos.

Yuav kom siv xws li ib tug tiv thaiv, yuav tsum tau lub dag lub zog thiab lwm yam cov tub rog thiab xaiv yaam chaw. Thaum lub lem ntawm thaum ntxov Nrab Hnub nyoog thiab antiquity nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Colchis muaj tej yam tiv thaiv, cov uas ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw twb nyob thiab Anakopiya.

Anakopia fortress ua nyob rau hauv lub IV-V centuries, tab sis, hmoov tsis, hnub no peb yuav tsis pom kev lawm qhov zoo nkauj walled nroog raws li nws yog nyob rau hauv lub deb dhau los. Tsis hlub leejtwg li lub sij hawm, ib tug ntshav rog nrog rau lub siab phem slaughter, uas nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov vaj tse muaj ntau, tau ua lawv txoj hauj lwm.

Hauj lwm Anakopia fortress

Rau ntau neighboring haiv neeg yog txaus nyiam Abkhazia. Anakopia fortress los ua ib tug formidable defensive lug npog ib tug loj cheeb tsam - 70 txhiab square meters. Nws muaj ob tug defensive kab (tsau), thiab cov txheej kab kws muaj txuj ci.

Anakopia Roob los ua qhov chaw ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm cov thawj kab, uas yog ib tug stronghold ntawm qhov ntev ntawm 83 meters thiab ib tug dav ntawm 37 meters. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias nws yog ib tug heev haib qauv rau lub sij hawm ntawm kev tsim kho. Anakopia fortress, uas nws qhov siab yog ntau tshaj li tsib meters thiab ib lub phab ntsa tuab loj dua ib 'meter', discourages muaj coob tus neeg uas xav mus txeeb lub teb chaws.

Lub ntsiab defensive muaj nuj nqi twb muab mus rau lub Roman ntauwd, nrog nws cov sab saum toj txaus yeej pom daim av thiab hiav txwv ncig. Lub hwj chim ntawm lub nroog-fortress nrog lub sij hawm loj hlob: nyob rau hauv lub IV xyoo pua nws twb xam tau tias yog tus loj tshaj plaws lub nroog Abazgia, thiab twb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua VII nws tau los ua qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub Abkhazian rulers, ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab kev nom kev tswv capital lub teb chaws.

Ntauwd thiab phab ntsa

Ntauwd thiab phab ntsa ntawm lub thib ob kab tau supposedly ua nyob rau hauv lub VII caug xyoo. Pej thuam yog ua los ntawm cib, mortar thiab ib tug dawb pob zeb. Builders siv ib tug txheej txheem Byzantines thiab Loos, uas yog sib quas ntus masonry cib nrog dawb pob zeb.

Lub ob sab Plag Tsev ntawm lug yuav mus rau lub VII xyoo pua thiab lub Upper ib feem tuaj npaum li cas tom qab ntawd - nyob rau hauv lub XI-XII centuries. Xya yees nyob txhua txhua caum meters thiab ib nyuag protrude los ntawm cov phab ntsa. Thaum lub sij hawm excavations nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub thib ob kab yam khoom thiab cov khoom raug kuaj, cov sawv cev ib tug keeb kwm muaj nqis. Cov lawv - qhov seem ntawm lub tuam tsev nrog hom, ib tug cub tawg nyob rau hauv uas calcined txiv qaub, kaum ib burials tua nyob rau hauv raws li Christian qhuas.

rooj vag

Anakopia Fortress (New Athos) yog lub ntsiab lub qhov rooj, uas tau raug muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ib tug yeej pej thuam. Lawv twb ua tau ntawm peb limestone slabs, thiab lawv nyob heev saum toj no rau hauv av. Yuav kom tau mus rau lub tsev fuabtais, nws yog tsim nyog los siv lub addl ntoo staircase.

Rooj vag ntauwd

Qhov no qauv yog zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv uas nws qhov chaw nyob thiab kev zoo pub rau tus yeeb ncuab kom cov hluav taws ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm ze li ntawm 290 °. Nyob rau hauv pem teb ob muaj tsib loopholes, uas yog cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb niches thiab arched nkag. Cov kev sib ntaus los hwj chim ntawm tus pej thuam yog due rau lub fact tias nws yog nrees tiv thaiv lub le caag rau lub qhov rooj.

East ntauwd

Raws li cov kev soj ntsuam ntawm, nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov thirties ntawm lub XI xyoo pua nyob rau hauv Anakopii sheltered Tsarevich Dmitry thiab ntxhais fuabtais Alda, uas surrendered lub citadel ntawm lub Greek garrison. Yog li ntawd, lub fortress nroog Anakopiya thiab nyob ib sab av ntev dhau mus rau hauv lub muaj lub Byzantines.

Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no nyob rau hauv lub fortress nyob sab hnub tuaj pej thuam. Nws tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug loj hais kom ua thiab soj ncej. Nws yog tus kawg kab kws muaj txuj ci nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm lub fortress. Pej thuam twb tsis muaj architectural delights - txhua yam yog subordinated rau nws cov ntsiab haumxeeb lub hom phiaj. Nws yuav ua tau hewn limestone blocks yog heev loj, uas yog ruaj txiv qaub-gravel xuab zeb mortar. Thaum lub hauv paus ntawm txoj phab ntsa thickness yog ob meters, lub siab tshaj plaws taw tes - 1.6 meters. Thaum lub sab saum toj ntawm lub saib platform tau raug tsim. Niaj hnub no, tom qab lub reconstruction ntawm lub sab hnub tuaj ntauwd yog qhib rau tourists.

zoo

Muaj ntau cov neeg tuaj saib los ntawm lub qub Soviet Union attracts Abkhazia. Anakopia fortress muaj xws li yuav luag tag nrho cov neeg mus ncig tebchaws tseem khiav. Pilgrims yog attracted los ntawm ib tug zoo ntawm lub neej-muab dej Anakopia. Nws yog ncaj qha nyob ib sab mus rau lub tuam tsev. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias qhov no carved mus rau hauv lub pob zeb inexhaustible peev xwm, thiab cov dej uas nyob nws - lub neej-muab thiab zoo.

Zoo carved mus rau hauv lub pob zeb thiab lined nrog limestone. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, nws twb mus los nag dej los ntawm lub-ru tsev, thiab tam sim no dej ntws vim mus rau lub tsos ntawm hws rau tus mob khaub thuas phab ntsa ntawm lub "da dej."

Dej kab qhov txuj ci no-lub zoo ua tau nyob rau hauv lub ancient builders ntawm lub fortress. Nws ua rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm sib txuas lus cov hlab ntsha. Tej zaum, xws li ib tug conduit yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv ib tug ditch khawb Iveron rau qhov chaw siab tshaj thiab lub roob Athos. Nws dhau los ntawm lub hauv-nruab nrab hav los ntawm cov hav dej, thiab tom qab ntawd tau disguised av.

Tuam tsev Feodora Tirona

Muaj ntau ancient qhov chaw ntawm kev teev tiam yog nto moo rau Abkhazia. Anakopia tsev fuabtais tau nws tus kheej lub tsev teev ntuj, uas twb nyob rau hauv sab saum toj ntawm lub roob Anakopia. Lub tuam tsev yog tsa nyob rau hauv lub VI-VII centuries nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm tus Blessed nkauj xwb niam mab liab. Los ntawm cov annals ntawm XI xyoo pua, uas piav qhia txog lub sib ntaus sib tua nrog rau cov koom pheej tiv thaiv cov phab ntsa Anakopii nyob rau hauv lub thirties ntawm lub VIII xyoo pua, nws hais ntxiv hais tias Anakopia icon ntawm lub Blessed nkauj xwb muaj miraculous powers uas muaj kev tiv thaiv lub inhabitants ntawm lub fortress.

Muaj yog ib qho assumption tias nyob rau hauv qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm lub roob muaj lwm lub tuam tsev, tab sis nws tsis tau ciaj sia. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XI lub tuam tsev rebuilt thiab raug fij tseg nws nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm Feodora Tirona. Qhov no muaj tseeb nrog qhov epigraphic monument sab nyob rau hauv lub fortress. Abkhazia (Anakopia fortress) tseem attracts historians. Nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm yog tsis tau tag nrho remnants ntawm lub tuam tsev vaj tse fortress kawm txawv sij hawm, vim hais tias ntawm cov tsis muaj cov loj-scale kev architectural thiab archaeological kev tshawb fawb, sau ntawv pov thawj. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, muaj ntau heev heev scientific sib cav tswv yim, tab sis tag nrho cov kws txawj pom zoo hais tias lub tuam tsev rebuilt ntau lub sij hawm.

Zaum ntseeg tau hais tias tsis ntev los no kev pauv hloov nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev monks ua Athos monastery. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau thaum pib ntawm lub XX caug xyoo. Nws tshem cov khib nyiab ntawm lub yav qab teb aisle ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, raws li zoo raws li ib tug uas nyob ib sab chav (rau sab hnub tuaj sab). Nws lub sij hawm tseem tsis tau elucidated.

ib tug me me lub tsev teev ntuj ua tau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, me kev hloov tau ua thiab npaj cov cheeb tsam surrounding. Ib txhia qhov chaw ntawm lub phab ntsa tau ua.

facade

Lub facade ntawm thaum ntxov Christian vaj tse adorned nrog tsuas yog ib lub phaj hauv uas peb crosses tau xwm. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub koov. Peb crosses piv lub Great Trinity. Ib txhia soj ntsuam ntseeg tau hais tias nws yog ib lub cim ntawm Tswv Yexus, Ioanna Krestitelya thiab Our pojniam.

reconstruction

Nyob rau hauv 2008, lub reconstruction ntawm lub tsev fuabtais tau ua tiav. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, ib tug watchtower txum tim rov qab, muaj ib tug saib platform rau nws. Txawm li cas los, muaj ntau yam tourists ntseeg tau hais tias tom qab lub reconstruction tus pej thuam pib zoo li ib tug remake. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim Apsarskoy slopes ntawm lub roob thiab ua rau lub sab saum toj ntawm txoj kev tau hais.

Yuav ua li cas mus txog tod?

Peb cia siab hais tias koj xav nyob rau hauv Anakopia fortress (Abkhazia). Yuav ua li cas kom tau no? Zoo nkauj yooj yim. Niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv Tshiab Athos mus rau lub fortress ua leem txoj kev. Ib tug landmark rau cov neeg ncig yog ib tug nres nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov loj loj zoo li, los ntawm txoj kev, nws yog hu ua "Plhaub".

Ntawm ib sab nws tig nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov Iberian roob thiab ua raws li cov serpentine txoj kev leem los ntawm tus naas ej Tshiab Athos lub qhov tsua. Ces, tig mus rau hauv txoj kev Chanba thiab mus txuas ntxiv nce toj. Tsis ntev koj yuav pom cov kev soj lawj, thiab lub tsheb chaw nres tsheb nrog ib tug zaum cheeb tsam. Koj ua tau tawm koj lub tsheb, yuav pib thaum lub box office thiab koom ib ncig saib pab pawg neeg. Ib tug neeg qhia yuav nrog koj nyob rau hauv ncig saib, uas yuav kav ib nrab teev.