Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug chronometer? ncauj lus kom ntxaws tsom

Qhov tsab xov xwm no qhia txog dab tsi ib tug chronometer, uas yees ua nws, vim li cas nws yuav tsum tau thiab yuav ua li cas yuav siv no ntaus ntawv nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub ntiaj teb no.

ancient lub sij hawm

Txij ancient sij hawm, cov neeg muaj qhov yuav tsum tau rau ib tug leej txhais los yog ntsuas ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub sij hawm. Thiab yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm txheej thaum ub cov haiv neeg tsis muaj tej no ua cas, tiam sis peb kho, ces nrog lub creation ntawm ib tug civilized haiv neeg cov kev sib raug lo lus nug uas sawv nrog tus tshiab exigencies. Tsis muaj watches thiab lwm yam pab kiag li lawm kom meej ntsuas ntawm lub sij hawm yog heev tham, muaj tej yam ntawm lub neej. Thiab yog hais tias cov suav hnub muaj tsis muaj teeb meem, yuav ua li cas npaj ib tug lub rooj sib tham? Ntawm cov hoob kawm, koj muaj peev xwm next los ntawm lub hnub, tab sis txoj kev no yog nyob deb ntawm zoo meej, thiab nws tsis yog ib txwm ib tug ntshiab huab cua. Nws yog rau cov yog vim li cas, thiab cov neeg raug sim mus txua lub moos thiab analogs thereof.

Cov thawj xws ntaus ntawv nrhiav tau los ntawm archaeologists, hu ua clepsydra. Qhov no txog ntsha los ntawm uas maj to kua, vim uas cov ntab nws txo qis nrog graduations. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, xws li ib tug tshaj plaws tsuas yog haum rau ntsuas qhov ntev ntawm lub sij hawm.

Tab sis ua ntej uas peb pog koob yawg koob siv sundial, sau cia hais tias lub qhov chaw ntawm tus duab ntxoov ntxoo txawv, nyob ntawm seb lub sij hawm ntawm ib hnub. Zoo, peb yuav siv los saib qhov kev tsim xub pib yuav tsum tau manufactured nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub Nrab Hnub nyoog. Lawv kim, loj, thiab tsis yog txhua tus yuav them taus rau lawv. Thiab qhov yuav tsum tau rau qhov no yog tsis - lub nroog ua tus pej thuam, qhov uas nws sawv saib, thiab txhua leej txhua tus yuav pom lub sij hawm.

Txawm li cas los, lub ntoos sib txawv ntawm cov designs tseem muaj qhov yuam kev, thiab thiaj li nyob rau hauv 1731 ib tug watchmaker Harrison tsim lub timepiece. Yog li ntawd yog dab tsi yog ib tug chronometer thiab dab tsi yog nws rau?

txhais

Raws li cov terminology chronometer - ib tug heev muaj tseeb moos nrog yam tsawg kawg nkaus kev ua yuam kev. Lawv siv qhov twg lub sij hawm los yog ntev yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Yuav kom kis tau xws li ib tug ntaus ntawv rau lub tsev siv yog pointless.

Cias muab, cov no yog cov ib txwm teev, rau qhov kev kawm ntawm uas yog meej heev, thiab lawv yog cov dawb los ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm shortcomings. Yog li ntawd Harrison tsis yog tus inventor ntawm cov sij hawm, nws tsuas coj lawv ib tug general siv thiab zoo tag nrho nyob ntawd lub sij hawm. Yog li ntawd tam sim no peb paub tias dab tsi ib tug chronometer. Tab sis qhov twg yog nws siv?

daim ntawv thov

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj drawback ntawm no ntaus ntawv raws li ib tug chronometer lub sij hawm, yog Ameslikas nws tus nqi. Txij thaum nws cov raug los yog siv ntau npaum li cas lub sij hawm piv rau conventional moos. Tseem tom qab Harrison yog tau txo lawv cov nqi, thiab chronometers tau ua heev nrov. Tus thawj, uas saib lawv txoj hauj lwm zoo, ua neeg tsav nkoj. Nyob rau hauv cov hnub, lub ntsiab txhais ntawm lub latitude thiab longitude nqa tawm los ntawm lub hnub, thiab yog timepiece twb yuav tsum tau mus kho lub sij hawm ntawm cov xibfwb los yog hnub poob ntawm peb lub hnub qub. Lawm, qhov ntau yog muaj nws ua, qhov zoo sailors txiav txim nws qhov chaw nyob.

Tom qab ntawd, tus ntaus ntawv thiab ntau yam xav zaum, piv txwv li, astronomers, uas yuav tsum tau yuav heev meej sau tej txheej xwm. Yog li ntawd peb to taub hais tias xws li ib tug timepiece.

tam sim no

Xws li ib tug ntaus ntawv twb tau muab siv rau centuries rau navigation rau ntawm huab cua los yog cov hiav txwv-mus hlab ntsha, tab sis tam sim no chronometer yog yuav luag yeej tsis siv, tsuas yog raws li ib tug thaub qab. Lub fact tias nws twb hloov los ntawm ntau yog quartz watches. Xijpeem, lub navigation ntawm ships thiab aircraft tau ntev ua li cas rau cov hauv paus xov tooj cua los yog satellite tshuab. Tab sis, yog hais tias koj xav mus txuas ntxiv, leej twg yuav yuav ib tug ntaus ntawv xws li ib tug chronometer. Nws nqi nws txawv lug, nyob ntawm seb tus loj, qib kawm, precision thiab kho kom zoo nkauj. Piv txwv li, ib tug tib yam ntawm lub marine chronometer MX 6 yuav raug nqi 31.000 Lavxias teb sab rubles. Ib tug niaj hnub ua si thiab chronometers Ulysse Nardin hom muaj nqis 300 000 txhiab. Tab sis cov nqi ntawm ib tug yooj yim version pib thaum txog 1500 rubles.