Tawg ntawv ceeb toom - qhov no yog ib tug ntawm 12 tej yam tshwm sim noj nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no uas qhia cheeb tsam uas muaj ib tug saib ntawm cov kev hem thawj rau tib neeg lub neej thiab noj qab haus huv. Cov ntaub ntawv "Ceev faj, tawg!" Rais los pleev tam sim ntawd tom qab ob ntiaj teb rog. Nws twb yees ua thiab thawj siv tus kos npe rau ntawm hluav taws xob tsis muaj nyob hauv lub American University of California Berkeley ntawm Laboratory. Physics los ntawm Berkeley tau ua si ib tug tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub invention ntawm lub atomic foob pob, thiab ces hydrogen. Tus txheej txheem ntawm cov invention, tom qab lub cim, nyob rau hauv 1952, yog piav nyob rau hauv ib tsab ntawv rau ib qho ntawm cov neeg koom - Nelsen Gardena chemist. Ib tug me me pab pawg neeg soj ntsuam npaj ob peb lub phaj mus kuaj thiab xaiv no ib tug, uas yog zoo tshaj plaws visualized kev hem thawj. Nws yog ntshav rau ib tug tom qab kob xiav. Ntshav nyob rau hauv nws Roman nqi raug xaiv vim hais tias ntawm tus nqi ntawm number case yog tias cov xim - nws cais mindless luam, hais tias vaj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws tsis hla tej lwm yam nrov xim nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no ntawm science. Los ntawm lub ntsiab cai tib yam tau raug xaiv los thiab ib tug xiav xim tom qab.
Dub daj
Niaj hnub nimno cov duab - ib tug dub cim rau ib tug daj keeb kwm yav dhau - nws tuaj tom qab, thaum tej yam tshwm sim ntawm hluav taws xob muaj tau siv ntau. Yam khoom nqa tej kev nyab xeeb yog tshaj. Gardena, ib tug ntawm cov inventors lub cim, tsis nyiam dub daj tawg cim. Nws ntseeg hais tias cov nquag siv ntawm cov daj xim thaum lub xaiv yam khoom disavows tej kev nyab xeeb yog muaj zog txaus ntshai ntawm hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub daj kos npe rau yog ib qhov nyuaj rau saib tiv thaiv cov xiav lub ntuj kaj. Cuaj kaum daj keeb kwm yav dhau tau xaiv nyob rau hauv 1948 nyob rau hauv lub standardization raws li lub ntsiab cim. Qhov kos npe rau ntawm peb tej nplaim thiab peb tuaj thaum tseem ntshav. Tus sau phau ntawv nrhiav tau ib tug tshiab duab uas yog ib tug ua ke ntawm cov xim yog kom meej meej pom nyob rau hauv lub qhib cua ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 20 ko taw. Hnub no lub American qauv (ANSI), tsim nyob rau hauv lub lig lub sijhawm xyoo 1950, thiab tso cai rau kev siv ntawm cov xim dub thiab magenta tawg cim.
Visual kos npe rau nqi
Interestingly, li ib txwm tej yam tshwm sim ntawm kev txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv daim ntawv sawv cev rau lub classic daim duab peb sab nrog ib tug duab sab hauv. Raws li cov Lavxias teb sab qhua, qhov no kos npe rau - lus ceeb toom. Tej yam tshwm sim tshuaj lom thiab tawg yog xwm li nyob rau hauv 9 ntawm 10 tus neeg mob, raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug square. Los ntawm nws tus kheej, cov tawg kos npe - ib lub voj voog, uas yog muab faib ua 6 sectors. Peb ntawm lawv - dub. Ob dub nplaim paj-sector qhia, ib tug cia. Yuav ua li cas yog nws kos npe rau? Muaj ob versions. Tus thawj - tus inverted xwm ntawm lub shamrock raws li ib tug cim ntawm txoj kev tuag, ib tug thib ob, ntau cynical - ib tug kos npe rau zoo xws li cov sib ntaus sib tua chij ntawm lub Japanese uas nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob ntawm cov kob faj tim teb chaws. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yog tsab zoo sib xws tawg kos npe rau lub cim automaker Mitsubishi. Tab sis upside down.
Ib tug tshiab kos npe rau ntawm hluav taws xob
Nyob rau hauv 2007, ib tug tshiab kos npe rau los yog ionizing tawg teeb meem. Nws yog nthuav tias cov kos npe ntawm hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv cov duab. Nyob rau ib tug liab tom qab ib tug ib txwm sau npe rau ntawm tawg qhia tau hais tias ib tug dub pob txha taub hau thiab crossbones - lub kos npe rau ntawm txoj kev tuag, khiav txiv neej - ib tug hu mus rau tawm hauv cov cheeb tsam. Tus sau phau ntawv ntseeg tau hais tias qhov no kos npe rau yog ntau to taub. Tab sis rau ib txhia yog vim li cas, mus piav qhia txog ib qho teeb meem, vim hais tias qhov uas txaus ntshai - qhov tib tug txiv neej nyob rau hauv txoj kev tsis yog heev ntshiab peb-lobe blower, tsis yog txhua txhua ib zaug thiab tsis ntaus nqi raws li ib tug hauv ntiaj teb no kev hem thawj! IAEA ua tsaug ntseeg hais tias tus tshiab kos npe rau yuav muab to taub zoo dua tsawg kawm ntawv cov neeg uas tsis to taub cov thawj cim uas tsis muaj ib tug intuitive ncha nyob rau hauv tus ntsuj plig Sawv Cev undereducated neeg. Rau ib txhia yog vim li cas, lawv tso siab ua rau koj xav. Uas intuitive zab teb ntawm lub kiv cua yuav tsum ua ib tug Czech los yog Swedish? Cuaj kaum, tus IAEA yog tam sim no yuav ua kom paub yog ib tug tshiab kos npe rau, txawm nws muaj ntau nrig txog kev pom xaav. Nws yog nthuav tias nyob rau lub Vocabulary ntawm tus tshiab tawg cim tau soj ntsuam kuaj nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws xws li lub tebchaws United States, Morocco, Kenya, Thaib teb, Is Nrias teb thiab Ukraine. Cim los piv nrog rau lub ntiaj teb lub koom haum rau standardization ISO nyob rau hauv lub lag luam thiab yog DVR siv cov mechanisms ntawm nws siv.
Thiab nyob qhov twg puas lub Roerich?
Tab sis yog muaj lwm yam zoo ntawm intuitive cim nyob rau hauv no kos npe rau? Nws surprises nws kev zoo sib thooj nrog ib tug banner Roerich. Peb voj voog nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog, txheej txheem zoo mus rau lub petals ntawm cov tawg phaj. Muaj yog ib tug tej yam esoteric version, uas hais tias lub ntiaj teb rests on ib tug cosmic txoj kev, tab sis txoj kev yog kaw distortions nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm nuclear riam phom. Yog li ntawd, tus kos npe rau tej kev nyab xeeb - nws upended lub kos npe rau ntawm lub Roerich txoj kev thiab banner. Analog inverted crucifix los yog pentagram. Tab sis txawm tsis muaj tus cuab symbolism Way contrasting cim ntawm kev kaj siab (PAX culturae) thiab nuclear muaj mob muaj nkees.
Kev siv ntawm hluav taws xob kev ruaj cim
Chiv nyob rau hauv America tam sim ntawd tom qab lub kos npe rau ntawm lub invention nws npaj muab tso rau hauv lub qhov taub, tsim los tiv thaiv nuclear ntshai heev txawm. Ces lub tswv yim no twb tso tseg, txij thaum lub kos npe rau qhia kev txaus ntshai, tsis nkaum los ntawm nws. Tam sim no, raws li GOST 17925-72, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab no kos npe rau qhia thaj chaw, cov vaj tse, cov khoom thiab pab kiag li lawm uas nqa lub sij los yog tej zaum tawg teeb meem. Qhov no tej zaum yuav nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag, cov tsheb, nyob rau hauv uas yog ib tug thauj ntawm tej ntaub ntawv, lub cev laboratory, accelerators thiab ntau lwm yam khoom, tiag tiag nqa ua ke teeb meem. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, qhov twg cov tawg theem yog tiag tiag tsa. Tso cai siv tej kev nyab xeeb kos npe rau txoj kev kawm, kev sib tham, booklets, thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev kawm. Raws li cov Standard, kev siv ntawm hluav taws xob kev nyab xeeb kos npe rau avatars rau kev tes hauj lwm thiab nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua hniav nyiaj hniav kub, thiab lwm yam zoo xws hom phiaj yog tsis tau tso cai. Tab sis rau no tsis muaj ib tug twb saib. Thiab lub txim rau puas ntsoog thiab tsis tau tso cai siv ntawm lub cim yog tsis muab. Raws li GOST, los ntawm txoj kev, trefoil yuav tsum liab, tab sis nws yog tau tso cai thiab dub rau ib tug dawb keeb kwm yav dhau.
kev pab them nqi
tawg cim yuav nquam paj nquam nruas tsis tau tsuas yog cov khoom, tab sis kuj qhov chaw. Zone txiav txim tej yam tshwm sim, sawv ntawm lub qhov rooj mus rau lub chaw, npog tag nrho ib ncig ntawm tus kwv. Muaj yog lub tswvyim ntawm "zoo", muaj, ua tsaug rau lub "Stalker" los ntawm Strugatsky cov kwv tij, lawv cov emotive. Tam sim no qhov chaw nyob rau ntawm lub civil tiv thaiv thiab yog ib tug cyberpunk phiaj los nqis tes nthwv me ntsis los ntawm tawg paug, fwm txij li thaum Soviet lub sij hawm, thiab activists sim mus kos tus cim rau lawv raws li cov cim, txawm hais tias ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm graffiti rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev. Tab sis activists tsis yeej ib txwm txoj cai. Cov kev txaus ntshai tej zaum yuav xav txog tej yam. Thiab cov neeg pom ib tug "dub kiv cua" rau ib tug daj keeb kwm yav dhau rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev nyob rau hauv koj txoj kev, tau txais lub paj hlwb. Feem ntau cov yuav, koj xav tau ib tug lub xeev qhov kev pab cuam rau kev nrhiav, nrhiav kom tau thiab tshem tej paug nyob rau hauv tej chaw, nrog rau ib tug phiaj los nqis tes mus discredit cov taug xaiv. Thiab yog hais tias xws taug xaiv, misinformation uas yog, ib tug neeg yog koom tso raws li nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb, nyob qhov twg ntiaj teb no corporations tau struggled nrog nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag? Ib tug tshiab tawg ceeb toom kos npe rau ib yam nkaus thiab zoo ib yam li txoj kev chim siab ntawm tus gods visualization thiab hu rau txoj kev puas tsuaj ntawm tus kwv uas npau taws. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, cov kev siv ntawm cov cim ntawm hluav taws xob kev ruaj xav tau qhov muag kom qhov muag.
Tej yam tshwm sim ntawm hluav taws xob thiab cov tib neeg psyche
Nws yog pom tseeb tias tus tib neeg psyche yuav exaggerate qhov kev hem thawj. Tawg teeb meem scares ib tug ntev lub sij hawm, nws yog tseeb hais tias rau lub Far East, cov pej xeem ntawm cov kev ntshai muaj arisen tsis nyob rau ib qho kev npliag qhov chaw. Tawg thiab cov neeg paub, ntawm chav kawm, txij li thaum pib ntawm tib neeg, lub cosmic microwave tom qab tawg emissions yeej ib txwm tau, tab sis tam sim no lub ntshai change thiab hloov nyob rau hauv lub caj code nyob rau hauv tus ntawm lub zais qhov chaw ntawm hluav taws xob raws li zoo li puas tau. Thiab tsis yog lo lus ntawm lub qhov ncauj, tab sis kuj rau hauv xov xwm fanning lub taug xaiv intensified. Tej zaum sai sai no cov ntaub ntawv rau tom qab tawg peb tau txais, ua ke nrog rau cov huab cua forecast, thiab nyob rau coob uas xam nrog 'nra tshav dav hlau yog pasting zog - "tawg yog muaj kev ruaj ntseg."
underground
Interestingly, rau qhov tshaj cov hluas cov cim tau ua ib feem ntawm lub club kab lis kev cai. Muaj ntau nightlife cim no kos npe rau cocktails, private chaw thiab txawm chav dej. Tag nrho yog zoo, lub mentality ntawm cov hluas tiam thiab tsis ib hom. Cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj kev lom zem hloov khoom dua tshiab tawg kos npe rau ib tug yees duab ntawm nws nyob rau hauv cov roj, roj, los yog lwm yam fashionable style yuav pom nyob rau hauv ntau yam tsim tej yaam num. Tab sis dua, nco ntsoov lub qub anecdote hais txog ib tug me nyuam tub thiab tus hma rog tau nws ... Yog hais tias tus kos npe rau yog siv ntau lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj kev ruaj ntseg teeb meem no, nco qab yuav las mees nws nyob rau hauv ib tug txaus ntshai teeb meem no.
Nws yog vam hais tias peb hipsters thiab ravers yuav tsis nrhiav nuclear foob pob chaw nyob nyob rau hauv lub nyob ze yav tom ntej, los yog yam lawv nrog ib tug haus luam yeeb chav tsev, tab sis ib txhia lub xeev tswj tshaj kev siv ntawm tus kos npe rau rau lwm cov laj yuav tsum tam sim no.