Westminster tsev fuabtais, Lutsk: hauj lwm, keeb kwm, attractions thiab nthuav tseeb

Tsev fuabtais ntawm Westminster - lub ntsiab lub cim ntawm lub nroog ntawm Lutsk, symbolizing lub hwj chim ntawm lub Volyn cheeb tsam. Qhov no yog ib qhov hiob thiab coob castles nyob rau hauv Ukraine, uas occupies hauv thawj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub ntsuam xyuas ntawm "7 Cov kev xav ntawm Ukraine". Nws boasts ib qho kev nthuav keeb kwm, amazing architecture, amazing stability, ib tug loj loj sau los ntawm ancient neeb, knightly tournaments thiab ntau npaum li cas. Thiab lub fortress twb zoo siab uas yuav sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub 200-hryvnia banknote.

Westminster Tsev fuabtais keeb kwm

Rau hnub tim, nws muaj peb npe: Lutsk (feem ntau), Upper (raws li muaj nyob rau hauv Lutsk lwm ib nrab-puas - Lower), thiab ntawm Westminster.

Lub tsev fuabtais yog founded nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XI Rurik. Nyob rau hauv nws keeb kwm rau cov thawj lub sij hawm hais nyob rau hauv 1075, thaum lub tsev fuabtais tiv thaiv cov siege warriors Boleslaw lub siab tawv, uas ntawd kub ntev li 6 lub hlis. Chiv, nws yog ib tug kuj me me ntoo fortress. Nws twb nyob rau ib cov kob surrounded los ntawm marshes. Tej paaj txoj hauj lwm muab lub fwjchim luj kawg nkaus lub zoo dua nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv cov invaders. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm 1340 mus 1350 xyoo, thaum ntawm cov npoo ntawm cov kev cai Volyn Lyubart Gediminovich (tus tub nyob rau hauv kev cai lij choj ntawm Galicia-Volyn tub huabtais Andrei Yurevich II), lub tsev fuabtais tag rebuilt nyob rau hauv cib. Tshiab phab ntsa tau tsa ib ncig ntawm lub qub, uas nce lub cheeb tsam ntawm kev tsim kho. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tsev fuabtais nce qib dej, kev tsa ib tug tshwj xeeb lub pas dej tauv. Ib tug tshwj xeeb drawbridge tau ua rau kis tau los ntawm cov trench.

Thaum kawg ntawm lub XIV xyoo pua nws tuaj rau lub hwj chim Duke Vytautas, uas ua Lutsk yav qab teb capital ntawm Grand Duchy ntawm Lithuania. Nyob rau hauv nws lub nroog flourished thiab los ua ib tug haib nom tswv, kev cai dab qhuas thiab kev chaw ntawm lub Volyn cheeb tsam, thiab Westminster yog tus qauv npaj ntawm lub tsev fuabtais, uas nws muaj rau hnub no. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub None lub tsev fuabtais palace nyob rau hauv 1429, ib tug congress ntawm lub European monarchs. Nws yog ib lo lus nug ntawm cov teb chaws Europe tiv thaiv tawm tsam tus Ottoman invaders thiab lwm yam thoob ntiaj teb cov teeb meem. Thaum Vytautas tuag, Duke los ua nws kwv nws tij Svidrigaylo thaum lub sij hawm uas lub restructuring yog tiav. Uas yog vim li cas lub Lutsk tsev fuabtais, feem ntau kuj hu ua lub tsev fuabtais peb princes.

Kuj mus rau lub siege

Amazingly, qhov Westminster tsev fuabtais nyob rau hauv Lutsk hnub no yog nyob rau hauv zoo mob, txawm lub fact tias thaum lub sij hawm nws ntev keeb kwm, nws ciaj ntau sieges. Tom qab Boleslaw lub siab tawv ntoo Detinets nyob rau hauv 1149 sim mus txeeb lub Rostov-Suzdal thiab Kiev tub huabtais Yuri Dolgoruky, thiab cia li ib lub xyoo tom qab ntawd puav ib ncig ib fortress npaj Galician None Vladimir Vladimirovich. Tsib xyoos tom qab, nrog tib lub hom phiaj yog ua los ntawm nws tus tij laug - Yaroslav. 100 xyoo tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1255, nyob rau lub Lutsk Tsev fuabtais Lyuberta rog tau lub Golden tswv xeev Kuremsa. Nws tsis yog lub xeem, uas tau sim ua kom puas lub ntoo Detinets.

Tom qab restructuring nws pob zeb phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev fuabtais sim yuav tsum yeej xwb lub Polish vajntxwv tias: Casimir nyob rau hauv 1349 thiab Jagiello nyob rau hauv 1431, thiab cov Lithuanian tub huabtais Sigismund nyob rau hauv 1436.

Kev lig kev cai rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais ntawm King Jagiello

Thaum lub Polish huab tais sim mus txeeb thiab coj Volyn Westminster tsev fuabtais siege, tom qab tsiv sib ntaus sib tua, lub tsev fuabtais yog tsev tseem tau withstand lub onslaught thiab tiv thaiv lub ywj pheej ntawm lub xeev. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, tsis tsuas cov ntseeg ntawm lub fortress defenders pab los yeej, tab sis kuj lawv tus kheej ingenuity. Tom qab ib tug ntev thiab exhausting siege, thaum lub mos txwv lawm, cov neeg hauv zos txiav txim siab los catapult Tug lwj tsiaj carcasses. Nyob rau hauv hluav taws los ntawm cov tsiaj tuag Tug tseem retreated.

Tom qab ntawd, cov kev siv ntawm fortress

Lutsk tsev fuabtais ntawm Westminster thiab nws cov kws lijchoj kuj muaj peev xwm los mus tiv txawm qhov ntxeem tau ntawm lub Tatars. Nyob rau hauv 1569, thaum Ljubljana union thiab tsim Rzeczpospolita, lub tsev fuabtais los ua ib tug muaj koob muaj npe chaw nyob tau xaus tau lus. Los ntawm XVII xyoo pua lub fortress pib poob nws cov kev tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm. By lub sij hawm no lub tsev fuabtais muaj tsev nyob: lub tsev hais plaub, qhov chaw nyob ntawm tus npis sov, ntawv sau, tsev neeg tus qauv. Nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm Upper thiab Lower castles twb Latin thiab Orthodox sam thiaj no, uas ua rau nws tau mus ntsib cov gentry ntawm ob faiths. Ib tug Lutsky Tribunal muaj lub hwj chim xwb tsis tshaj Volyn, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam moo.

Los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua lub complex thiab pib tsis kam. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1863, ua hauj lwm tau txiav txim siab los muab rho nws thiab muag raws li ib tug lub tsev khoom. Mus xyuas lub pej thuam thiab lub lwm tus cov phab ntsa "mus nyob rau hauv lub rauj" rau 373 rubles. Qhov zoo ces, lub tsev fuabtais tsis muaj lub sij hawm mus muag, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv 1864 lub Commission Kiev txwv tsis pub demolition ntawm lub complex. Tab sis lub Lower Tsev fuabtais yuav ntau tu siab txoj hmoo.

Nyob rau hauv 1870, nws hais nyob rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais hluav taws brigade, ua dua Vladycha ntauwd lub rooj muag zaub, uas twb tau soj xyuas tswj ntawm lub nroog. Nyob rau hauv 1918, nyob rau hauv thaj av ntawm lub tsev fuabtais ua tau ib tug lub caij ntuj sov yeeb yam nrog ib tug ntoo pavilion thiab chaw tos txais. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias qhov thiaj li hu ua "nyob cov duab", uas nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm raug xam tias yog tag nrho cov npau taws heev heev. Thiab muaj ib tug ntawm cov thawj cinemas nyob rau hauv Lutsk.

Niaj hnub no Westminster tsev fuabtais, los yog Lutsk tsev fuabtais, ib tug keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej thiab lub teb chaws monument.

yees

Ntxiv dag zog rau Fortress muaj tus duab ntawm ib qho lus daim duab peb sab, nyob rau hauv txhua lub ces kaum ntawm lub pej thuam uas yog: tseg, Vladycha, Styrovaya. Los ntawm sab hnub poob ntauwd nyob Outreach, uas yog tsa mus rau saib lub nroog los ntawm ib tug noog tus davhlau. ntauwd ntsiab muaj kev cuam tshuam sib txawv keeb kwm tseeb. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab facade saum toj no lub ntsiab nkag, muaj ob arches. Yav tas los, lawv twb nqe vaj lug kub nyob rau hauv uas nws twb tau mus tau txais los ntawm lub drawbridge, uas tso tshaj lub qhov taub. Niaj hnub no bricked arches thiab cov ib txwm nkag ua tau es tsis txhob ntawm ib tug choj.

Hauv lub pej thuam muaj ob kauv staircases. Pej thuam muaj ob peb theem, txhua tus uas nyob ib tug zaub ntawm ancient prints thiab paintings mob siab rau qhov tsev fuabtais, raws li zoo raws li antique maps Volyn cheeb tsam. Nyob rau sab saum toj pem teb - ib tug exhibition ntawm cov laus cov khoom ua si, lub lag luam, lub fwj thiab lwm yam khoom. Nyob rau hauv Vladycha ntauwd kuj muaj cov exhibition devoted mus rau lub nroog thiab lub stronghold.

qhov chaw uas muab

Ua ntej mus saib tus pej thuam nyob rau hauv lub vaj yog cov cuab yeej siv rau cov siege, thiab los tiv thaiv, raws li ntau yam cuab yeej, fwm txij thaum lub Nrab Hnub nyoog. Nyob rau hauv lub XVI xyoo pua nws yog ib tug qhov chaw ntawm tua nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no, nyob qhov twg cov neeg raug tua, los ntawm feem ntau txiav tawm lub taub hau.

lwm yam kev siv

Thaum lub fortress yog: lub qhov taub, tus tub huabtais lub palace, ib tug lub xeev txhab thiab lub tsev ntawm gentry tsev hais plaub. Cov fwm raws li cov Cathedral Ioanna Bogoslova, uas yog tus thawj Christian lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv Lutsk. Nws yog hais tias muaj tau faus tub huabtais Liubard.

Ze qhov seem ntawm lub tuam tsev nyob exhibition ntawm cov laus vuas thiab bricks. Ntawm no koj yuav saib tau bricks ntawm txawv ntau thiab tsawg pab thiab muaj hnub nyoog. Nyob rau hauv ib co piv txwv muaj txawm ancient inscriptions. Tseem nyob rau hauv lub vaj, koj yuav saib tau lub seem ntawm cov ntoo vaj tse thiab qub hlau tej khoom.

Westminster tsev fuabtais yog tseem nto moo rau ib tug loj sau los ntawm ancient neeb (xwb nyob rau hauv Ukraine), cov printing tsev cia puav pheej thiab tus sau los ntawm riam phom.

graffiti

Thoob plaws hauv lub hav zoov ntawm cov fortress ntawm tus neeg tshuav ntau inscriptions rau nws txheej sab. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tag nrho cov phab ntsa ntawm tus yees yog them nrog lus sib txawv. Yeej nws yog ib lub npe ntawm cov neeg thiab cov hnub. Lub hiob cov ntaub ntawv rau ntawm phab ntsa hnub ntawm lub 1444 xyoo. Inscriptions xam qhovkev ntau yam ntawm fonts thiab calligraphy vytsarapyvaniya txoj kev. Ntawm lawv yog cov recordings ntawm tib neeg nto moo xws li cov muam Lesia Ukrainka, Olga Kosach los ntawm 1891.

xaus

Ntawm no yog peb tau ntsib nrog koj thiab nrog xws li ib tug yeeb yuj thiab fascinating attraction ntawm lub Western Ukraine, raws li cov Westminster tsev fuabtais. Lutsk zoo siab txais tos nws cov qhua nrog ib tug ntau ntawm nthuav tej chaw, cov uas, los ntawm txoj kev, tseem muaj remnants ntawm lub Lower tsev fuabtais. Tab sis Westminster Tsev fuabtais awaits tourists txhua hnub los ntawm 10:00 mus 18:00. Nkag nqi yog 10 UAH (txog 25 rubles Lavxias teb sab) rau cov neeg laus thiab UAH 2 (txog 5 rubles.) Rau tus me nyuam. Tab sis cov neeg uas xav mus xyuas lub pej thuam thiab mloog mus rau lub ncig saib, yuav tsum tau them 50 UAH (tsis pub dhau 130 rubles.). Tuaj nyob rau hauv Lutsk, thiab kov rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntev ntawm lawv tus kheej txhais tes!