Volcanoes ntawm Antarctica - undiscovered secrets

Antarctica - lub mysterious av loj ntawm penguins thiab ncov qaumteb qabteb deserts ntawm nyob mus ib txhis dej khov, qhov kawg ntawm cov lus qhib ntawm lub mainland hnub no tsis zoo paub thiab concealing secrets unrevealed. Volcanoes ntawm Antarctica - ib tug ntawm cov neeg tsis paub hais tias yog tsis nyob rau hauv ib tug hurry mus qhib.

Thaum cov dej khov thickness

Active thiab tu noob, av thiab underwater - Hnub no lub volcanic av loj ntawm Antarctica muaj ib tug catalog ntawm txog 35 nyob rau hauv thaj av, thiab tsawg kawg yog 18 ntawm lawv - acting. Qhov kawg muaj ib tug twb sab nyob rau hauv 2008, nws yog muab zais nyob rau hauv cov dej khov thiab yog nyob ze ntawm lub Gulf ntawm Pine Island nyob rau hauv lub Hudson Toj siab. Nws twb nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv probing cov dej khov ntawm cov huab cua, thiab yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv tseem tsis tau nrhiav tau?

Tus thawj, tab sis tsis kawg

Cov lus nug "Puas muaj volcanoes nyob rau hauv Antarctica?" Nws poob qhov tseeb nyob rau hauv lub deb 1841, thaum lub ntoj ke mus kawm ntawm James Ross pom ob tug volcanoes - dormant acting Erebus thiab xav tias tsam lawv (lub npe tis rau tus ntoj ke mus ships). Txij li thaum ces nws pib txoj kev tshawb no ntawm volcanoes thiab tshiab discoveries. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 2010, muaj lus ceeb toom rau cov lus qhib ntawm ib cov saw ntawm 12 undersea volcanoes ntawm Antarctica. Siv sonar tau pom hais tias ib co qhov siab nce mus txog 3 kis lus mev. Xya ntawm lawv yog cov active, thiab cov dej yog ploj roob hluav taws kev ua qab yias nrog ib lub cheeb txog li 5 kilometers.

Erebus roob hluav taws

Qhov tseem yav qab teb ntawm tag nrho cov active volcanoes nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no - Erebus - muaj ib qhov siab ntawm yuav luag 4000 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem thiab ib tug ua qab yias nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla 805 meters sib sib zog nqus nyob rau hauv 274 meters. Qhov no yog ib qhov peb volcanoes ntawm cov ntiaj chaw, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub depths ntawm ib tug volcanic inexhaustible pas dej ua ke ntawm lava. Hais tias yog dab tsi muab lub Erebus peculiar glow uas ua ib lub teeb rau tag nrho cov neeg tsav nkoj ntawm lub Ross hiav txwv. Qhov kawg ntawm lub 8 pua xyoo loj uas yog nyob rau hauv 1972, thaum lava ntiab tawm mus rau ib tug qhov siab ntawm yim-zaj dabneeg tsev.

Conquest ntawm Erebus - ib tug teeb meem ntawm yawm

Rau kev soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv Antarctica nce toj nyob rau hauv no txaus ntshai lub roob hluav taws tau ua yuav luag tus xav xav tau. Thawj kov yeej nws nyob rau hauv 1908, ib pab pawg neeg ntawm professors ntawm tus ntoj ke mus ntawm Ernest Shackleton, uas yog 50 xyoo. Nws yog ib cov kev soj ntsuam thawj zaug pom lub lava pas dej nyob rau hauv kev ua qab yias.

Geologists los ntawm New Zealand nyob rau hauv 1974, teem camp nyob rau hauv qab yias lub ntsiab, tab sis cov kev ua ntawm lub roob hluav taws tsis pub lawv mus tshawb lub puab kev ua qab yias. Txawm hais tias txoj kev mus rau lub roob hluav taws yuav thaiv cov hlab ntau hws khov peaks txhua xyoo flock rau nws, soj ntsuam, extreme.

roob hluav taws Deception

Shetlanskih nruab nrab ntawm cov kob, 850 kilometers sab qab teb-sab hnub tuaj ntawm dhaus Cape lub Horn yog tus originator ntawm tshwm sim Bay Chaw nres nkoj Foster. Nws yog qhov no active roob hluav taws yog suav tias yog lub luag hauj lwm rau qhov loj tshaj plaws paub uas. Roob hluav taws qhib nyob rau hauv 1820, tus tauj ncov loj Uilyam Smit, thiab nyob rau hauv 1960 muaj ib ob leeg UK chaw nres tsheb, Chile thiab Argentina. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm 1967-1969 tus, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm ob peb eruptions, Chile thiab UK noj tau raug puas tsuaj. Tsuas yog tus Argentines, uas nyob rau hauv 2000 tuaj koom lub Spaniards.

mysterious Deception

Qhov no yog ib tug tsis tshua "ice roob hluav taws", uas yog nyob rau hauv lub glacier thickness ntawm mus txog 100 meters. Hlub nws txav maj mam thiab los rau ntawm qhov chaw ib tug zoo npaum li cas ntawm cov av. Volcanologists hnub no yog tsis tau kiag li nco ntsoov ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm lub roob hluav taws - seb qhov no rift roob hluav taws (divergence ua kiav txhab), seb nws yog tsim los ntawm subduction (ib dhia dej ua kiav txhab hauv qab lwm) tectonic daim hlau.

Mount Sidley

Av Meri Berd Circuit Court muaj volcanic roob caj rau lub Board (Executive Committee Ntau). Lub qhov siab ntawm Mount Sidley txog 4.3 txhiab meters, lub ko taw - 2,5 txhiab meters. Ib sab ntawm lub roob ntaub ntawv ib tug caldera volcanic kev ua qab yias nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 5 kilometers. Lub thickness ntawm cov dej khov txheej nce mus txog 2 kilometers thiab yog hais tias cov dej khov melts, nws zoo nkaus li no nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov teb chaws Nyiv Pooj thib ob archipelago ntawm volcanic keeb kwm.

Volcanoes ntawm Antarctica thiab lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm cov ntiaj chaw

Raws li Xwm Geoscience, volcanic kev ua muaj feem xyuam rau tus nqi ntawm cov dej khov melting. Thaum tshav kub kub khiav los ntawm Antarctica volcanoes, dhau los ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua kiav txhab, ua rau khov ntawm cov dej khov plhaub mainland. Zaum tau simulated ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm cov ntiaj chaw tom qab lub pob melting ntawm Antarctic ice. Thiab nws tsis muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm North America thiab lub chaw ntug hiav qhov chaw ntawm Is Nrias teb. Tshab plaws submerged London thiab Venice, lub Netherlands thiab Denmark. Ntawm cov teb chaws uas yuav raug kev txom nyem, tsis muaj Lavxias teb sab.

Antarctic fantasy

Nyob rau hauv 2017, cov xovxwm tshaj tawm rau cov kev ua ub ntawm NASA nyob rau hauv kev ua qab yias ntawm roob hluav taws lub Mount Erebus rau kev nrhiav portal mus rau lwm cov worlds los yog ib co kua nplaum ntawm neeg txawv teb chaws. Tam sim no txhua leej txhua tus paub li cas lub roob hluav taws nyob rau hauv Antarctica.

Ib tug loj loj ob-meter tsab ntawv "M" rau ib qhov ntawm cov islands tau ntev lawm ib tug paub tsis meej. Tab sis nws muab tawm hais tias nyob rau hauv no txoj kev lub Polish soj ntsuam ib txhis lub npe ntawm tus poj niam ntawm nws lub siab Magda. Txawm li cas los, cov ntaub ntawv uas xaiv yog nthuav - nws yog ib lub quav ntawm penguins.

Ob tug peaks ntawm pob zeb los ntawm kev nkag mus rau Lemaire Channel npe heev yus - "boob Una." Raws li ib feem ntawm lub British ntoj ke mus kawm tiag tiag nws yog ib tug ntxhais Una. Interestingly, txij li thaum ib co volcanoes thiab tam sim no nameless.

Nyob rau hauv Antarctica, ib tug ntau ntawm subglacial pas dej nrog cov dej tshiab. Raws li ib co kev kwv yees, muaj yog hais txog 140. Tab sis lub biggest - East. Nws dav ntawm 50 kilometers thiab qhov ntev - 250.

Tab sis los ntawm lub Taylor Glacier ntws ntshav Falls. Qhov no tshwm sim yog vim kab mob kev ua si nyob rau hauv lub subglacial pas dej. Lawv paim bivalent hlau, uas tsuas cov dej nyob rau hauv cov huab cua nyob rau hauv siab phem txaus ntshai xim.

Yuav kom tus chim ntawm ntau, yog tsis muaj polar bears nyob rau hauv Antarctica. Txhom no xwb hiav txwv - killer shark tab sis dej khov. Uas yog vim li cas lub penguins rau daim av xws bold.

Nyob rau hauv Antarctica, muaj 5 Lavxias teb sab ncov qaumteb qabteb noj. Qhov loj tshaj plaws - "East" - yog nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm geodesic South Ncej.