Vladimir-Suzdal

Txij thaum nws cov inception, Kievan Rus yog tsis ib tug unitary lub xeev. Nws thawj seem tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 972, thiab tom qab ntawd, txhua tshiab dynasty yog nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim, nws sim sawv ntsug sib nrug. Nom tswv txoj kev kawm ntawv, uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm tam sim no-hnub Russia, Belarus thiab Ukraine, muaj cais kingdoms, thiab yog hu ua cov kev Rus.

Northeast Russia nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yog hu mus rau lub XIII xyoo pua, Suzdal av, thiab los ntawm tus kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua lub npe hu ua lub Great reign ntawm Vladimir. Los ntawm kev kawm ntaub ntawv keeb kwm txog rau lub sij hawm XII-XVI cc., Ua zoo saib mus rau lub ntsiab hwv chaw, yog ib tus uas yog tus Vladimir-Suzdal Principality. Nws twb dim ib tug ntau ntawm nthuav cov lus tseeb ntawm cov keeb kwm ntawm nws lub neej.

Vladimir-Suzdal Princes pw nyob rau hauv XI-XII cc. Pib nrog tus yau tus tub ntawm Monomakh, Yuri Dolgoruky, pib txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov av no. Ntau puas tau nws thiab nws cov tub kom ntxiv dag zog tsis tau tsuas yog lawv tus kheej lub hwj chim, tab sis kuj rau nce ntawm cov nqi zog tshaj lwm yam.

Tom qab xyoo ntawm tawm tsam, tub huabtais Yuri Dolgoruky raug thaum kawg paub tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv lub Kiev nqi zog. Tom qab ntawd, lub peev ntawm tus Rostov-Suzdal nqi zog twb tau tsiv mus rau Vladimir. Nws twb kev cob cog rua nrog lub txav mus rau tus tub ntawm Yuri Dolgoruky, Andrew. Nrog nws lub npe yog txuam nrog rau cov flowering ntawm Vladimir, uas tau los ua tus peev, uas tau ua nto moo nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm competent cai thiab lub siab xav mus sib sau ua ke rau hauv lub neighboring pawg neeg thaj av.

Vladimir-Suzdal nqi zog nyob ib tug ncaj thoob plaws cheeb tsam. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv lub XI-XIII centuries., Hauv down ib thaj nyuag ntawm lub Volga thiab cov Oka. Los ntawm sab qaum teb nws mus txog kev koom Beloozero Ustyugov. Ua ntej muaj twb tsim lub Vladimir-Suzdal Principality, ib ncig ntawm lub teb chaws nyob los ntawm cov Finno-Ugric pab pawg neeg. Thoob plaws hauv keeb kwm, muaj raug tsim Great Lavxias teb sab haiv neeg, thiab nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm feudalism loj hlob Yaroslavl nroog, Moore, Suzdal. Nyob rau hauv cov xyoo nyob rau hauv cov chaw hauv lub khoom siv tes ua tau tsim sai heev, nws tau mus txog ib tug tseem ceeb npaum li. Craftsmanship ntawm lub zos artisans twb paub zoo nyob deb tshaj hauv lub cheeb tsam.

Vladimir-Suzdal kuj nto moo rau tus kws kho hlau, thiab lwm yam hlau. Cov yawm yog Civil engineering, tais diav ntim chaws thiab ntau ntau lwm yam crafts, tom qab ntawd mus txog ib tug dlej theem. Tsis txhob nyob twj ywm tsis muaj xim thiab cov lag luam tawm, uas tau koom ua tub txawj tub ntse Vladimir-Suzdal. Purchase thiab muag khoom twb nqa tawm tsis tau tsuas yog nrog rau tus so ntawm lub tub txawj tub ntse ntawm Lavxias teb sab pawg neeg thaj av, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub Volga Bulgaria, Byzantium, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Extant monuments qhia ib theem siab, uas yog lub kab lis kev cai ntawm lub Vladimir-Suzdal nqi zog. Kom txog rau thaum tam sim no, cov cheeb tsam no yog ib qho ancient keeb kwm thiab kev cai chaw ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab teb chaws. Nws muaj ib tug nplua nuj keeb kwm ntawm cov cheeb tsam no txij li thaum lub hnub ntawm Lavxias teb sab Middle Hnub nyoog. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm cov Intercession rau lub Nerl ua tau, Demethi-aus Cathedral, rov qab los Assumption tsib-domed tsev teev ntuj.

Tom qab ntawd Vladimir savagely plundered, hlawv thiab rhuav tshem cov Mongol-Tatar conquerors, tab sis txawm li ntawd, thaum muaj twb dua phua Lavxias teb sab pawg neeg thaj av Vladimir txuas ntxiv mus yuav cov hauj lwm capital ntawm Russia kom txog rau thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub XV caug xyoo. Principality officially mus nyob qhovtwg li nyob rau hauv 1432, los mus tiv thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej, lub nra hnyav ntawm ntau yam kev pab, tus thawj tswj thiab hwv hloov. Txawm tias tag nrho cov no, lub kab lis kev cai ntawm lub Vladimir-Suzdal nqi zog twb fwm nyob rau hauv architecture, lub zos npaj monuments. Lawv yog cov tag nrho cov teb chaws, keeb kwm thiab kev cai tus nqi, kev tiv thaiv los ntawm lub xeev.

Vladimir-Suzdal Princes Dolgoruky dynasty sim tig mus rau hauv ib tug kev cai dab qhuas chaw. Yog vim li cas lawv tau sim tsim nws raws li haib.