Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm database tswj tshuab

Tag nrho cov tib neeg kev ua si yog inextricably txuas nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv Wage thiab databases. Cov tsev qiv ntawv npe, notepad, chaw nyob rau koj lub xov tooj txawb los yog ntsiav tshuaj - qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug ua tiav daim ntawv teev cov structured lus qhia, uas peb siv. Tab sis computers zoo li precision, yog li peb muab lub ntsiab txhais.

Yog li, ib tug database (DB) - ib tug txheej ntawm txawj lwm yam kev cov ntaub ntawv uas piav qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv lub xeev ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv ntau hom kev kawm thiab kev nrog computer cov khoom.

Database tswj system yog ib tug software thiab lus ib puag ncig rau kev tsim, kev tswj thiab ua ntaub ntawv bases. Muab database:

• Ua hauj lwm nrog cov kev bases nyob rau sab nraum (disks, tapes, etc ...) thiab RAM;
• Sib koom cov neeg siv;
• hloov kev tswj, archiving thiab database rov qab;
• muab siv tau los lus cov lus ;
• cov cuab yeej rau lub creation, kev hloov kho, thiab database tswj.

Cias muab, lub database thiab txiav txim seb cov qauv ntawm cov cia, thiab database muab cov txhais tau tias rau ua. Tsis tas li ntawd, database tswj systems raug muab faib mus rau hauv kev siv zog uas yuav lis ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab tshwj xeeb tsim los rau ib yam kev kawm los yog hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb database tswj systems yog yam khoom-taw qhia kom paub.

Paub Management System

Txij li thaum lub advent ntawm lub computer databases nws tau ntau cov qauv ntawm cov lawv ua hauj lwm, tab sis cov paub cov qauv yog tus tshaj plaws universal. Nws yog ib yam set ntawm cov ntaub ntawv lub rooj, guarantees lub sam xeeb thiab yam tsawg kawg nkaus redundancy ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Rooj qauv yog muaj feem xyuam rau feem ntau ntawm cov kev kawm, thiab kev ua lag luam yog ib tug paub database system tswj pib tsim sai heev. Tus naj npawb qhia tau hais tias ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib tug paub cov qauv ntawm "paus ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm."

Tag nrho cov paub DBMSs txhawb ANSI SQL lus txheem thiab tej ntsiab cai ntawm cov paub cov qauv, uas enables daim ntaub ntawv khiav rau txawv databases. Tsis tas li ntawd, loj databases muaj lawv tus kheej SQL extension ntxiv. Piv txwv ntawm kev tswj system database rau loj-scale tej yaam num - qhov no yog Microsoft SQL neeg rau zaub mov thiab Oracle.

Cov paub cov qauv ntse siv nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Internet tej yaam num. Piv txwv yog MySQL database thiab PostgreSQL.

NoSQL technology

Qhov nce nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tagnrho thiab complexity ntawm lub kev sib raug zoo tau coj mus rau lub rov tshwm sim ntawm tshiab database tswj systems. Cov ntaub ntawv tau ceased mus ua ywj siab ntawm txhua lwm yam, thiab tej zaum kuj txawm tsis yooj yim sua rau nruj me ntsis piav nws cov qauv. Paub databases yuav tsis tiv nrog xws li kev pab raws qib. Qhov no tau coj mus rau lub rov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug tshiab hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv databases thiab cov kev tswj systems, collectively hu ua NoSQL ( «tsis muaj SQL»).

Cov ntsiab pawg ntawm NoSQL databases:

1. "Ntsiab nqi". Cov feem nrov database - Redis, Voldemort, Tokyo txee thiab Dynomite.
2. Clones database BigTable. Nws yog tsim los ntawm Google rau hauv kev siv search engine. officially BigTable Nws yog tsis muaj, tab sis muaj ib tug database ntawm nws cov hauv paus. Nws Hadoop, Hypertable thiab Cassandra.
3. Ntawv-taw qhia kom paub. Cov feem nrov Berkeley DB XML, MongoD, nyob ua ib ke thiab CouchDB.
4. Raws li rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub teeb kev tshawb xav. Siv nyob rau hauv Neo4j, Sones graphDB thiab AllegroGraph.

neej yav tom ntej ntawm DBMS

Kev ua lag luam paub database tswj systems tseem loj hlob tuaj thiab ntau ntau inclined siv NoSQL-txiav txim siab. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nyob rau hauv lub "classic» SQL muag ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas ntawm software systems ntawm qhov ntau thiab complexity, thiab rau lawv muaj xws li kev ua lag luam giants li Microsoft thiab Oracle. Tab sis muaj ib txhia tseeb peb tau tias hais tias NoSQL nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej yuav tau mus ho oust cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm complex ntaub ntawv systems.