Sertoli hlwb (sustentotsit): muaj nuj nqi

Tus tub ceev xwm lub luag hauj lwm rau tu tub tu kiv rau cov txiv neej, hu ua lub noob qes. Lawv yog ua nrog txiv neej pw lub hlwb - phev thiab cov tshuaj hormones, xws li testosterone. Lub anatomical thiab histological qauv ntawm noob qes hauv caug complex, raws li cov lub cev nqa tawm ob peb zog. Lawv nqa spermatogenesis - cov tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab hlwb. noob qes kuj ua endocrine muaj nuj nqi. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb hnab cutaneous - scrotum. Muaj khaws cia ib tug tshwj xeeb kub, uas yog me ntsis qis tshaj nyob rau hauv lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev.

Noob qes muaj elliptical zoo, lawv loj yog hais txog 4 cm ntev thiab 3 dav. Feem ntau, tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug me ntsis asymmetry nyob rau hauv lub gonads. Txhua qe plhaub yog muab faib los ntawm partitions rau hauv ib tug plurality ntawm slices. Lawv muaj lub convoluted seminiferous canals txoj kev testicular plexus. Nws efferent ducts nkag mus rau epididymis. Muaj tsim lub ib thooj ntawm cov phev - lub taub hau. Tom qab ntawd - raws muaj nyob rau hauv lub vas deferens, uas yog xa mus rau lub zais zis. Ntxiv mus, lawv nthuav thiab txeem rau lwm hloov ntawm cov txiv neej deev system - cov prostate. Ua ntej no, lub channel yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub ejaculatory duct, uas muaj ib tug hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub qhov zis.

Histological qauv ntawm cov noob qes nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej

Txiv neej gonads muaj spermatic qaum, thiab interstitial cov ntaub so ntswg. Sab nraum lawv npog albuginea. Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm tuab connective cov ntaub so ntswg. Albuginea spliced nrog rau lub cev. Sab ntawm nws thickens tsim lub mediastinum noob qis. Thaum no tus taw tes, lub connective nqaij yog muab faib mus rau hauv ib tug plurality ntawm strands. Lawv tsim lub lobules li uas yog convoluted tubules. Lawv sawv cev los ntawm cov hauv qab no structural units:

1. Sertoli hlwb - sustentotsit. Ua ke nrog rau lwm cov ntsiab muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov ntshav-noob qis barrier.
2. Hlwb, los ntawm kev uas yog nqa spermatogenesis.
3. Myofibroblasts. Lawv lwm lub npe - peritubular hlwb. Lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm myofibroblast - yog los xyuas kom meej qhov nce qib ntawm seminal cov kua crimped raws.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov qauv ntawm cov qe muaj interstitial cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws yog hais txog 15%. Interstitial nqaij yog sawv cev los ntawm hais xws li Leydig hlwb, macrophages, cov hlab ntsha thiab thiaj li nyob. D. Yog hais tias lub convoluted raws yog lub luag hauj lwm rau cov tsim ntawm tus txiv neej pw hlwb, muaj cov tsim thiab zus tau tej cov txiv neej cov tshuaj hormones.

Sertoli hlwb: qauv

Sertoli hlwb muaj ib tug elongated lub cev. Lawv loj yog hais txog 20-40 microns. Qhov no yog ib tug ncaj loj structural units uas txawv no yog hu ua cov yuav txhawb tau hlwb. Nyob rau hauv lub cytoplasm ntawm cov hlwb muaj ntau organelles. Cov lawv:

1. Core. Nws muaj ib qho lus, tej zaum - txiv moj coos-puab. Lub chromatin nyob rau hauv lub nucleus yog faib unevenly.
2. Du thiab ntxhib EPS. Tus thawj - yog lub luag hauj lwm rau zus tau tej cov steroid cov tshuaj hormones, lub thib ob - muab protein synthesis.
3. Golgi apparatus. Tsaug rau no organelle, muaj ib tug zaum kawg synthesis, cia thiab tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom.
4. Lysosomes - yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv phagocytosis.
5. Microfilaments. Cov organelles yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub maturation ntawm cov phev.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, txhua cell muaj Sertoli roj menyuamuas. Sustentotsitov puag yog nyob rau ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv lub seminiferous tubules, thiab lub ntsis - ntsej muag nyob rau hauv lawv cov lumen.

Sertoli hlwb: muaj nuj nqi

Sertoli cell yog ib tug ntawm lub Cheebtsam txoj kev convoluted seminiferous tubules. Nws yog ib yam uas tseem ceeb heev, raws li yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm spermatogenesis, thiab cov synthesis ntawm cov txiv neej cov tshuaj hormones. Muaj cov nram qab no muaj nuj nqi ntawm Sertoli hlwb:

1. Trophic. Cov ntsiab muab tsis paub qab hau phev hlwb nrog rau oxygen thiab as-ham.
2. Tiv. Txhua lub cell muaj ib tug cytoplasm lysosomes - organelles muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv phagocytosis. Lawv nqus thiab nqa cov decomposition khoom, piv txwv li, tawg tsam ntawm tuag spermatids.
3. Muab cov ntshav-noob qis barrier. Qhov no muaj nuj nqi yog ensured los ntawm ze cell-cell hu. Cov teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau cais cov txiv neej nrog txiv neej pw lub hlwb los ntawm cov ntshav thiab cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv nws. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws tiv thaiv cov allergic ntawm cov phev antigens nyob rau hauv ntshav. Qhov no thiaj li muaj feem yuav tsim autoimmune o.
4. Endocrine muaj nuj nqi. Sertoli hlwb yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm txiv neej pw cov tshuaj hormones.

Sustentotsity tsim nyog rau cov tsim thiab cov txij nkawm ntawm lub tshwj xeeb puag ncig nyob rau hauv uas cov phev tsim favorably. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias lub ionic muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Sertoli hlwb yog txawv los ntawm cov ntshav ntshav. sodium concentration yog tsawg dua, thiab ib tug poov tshuaj ntsiab lus, on qhov tsis tooj, muaj zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv Sertoli hlwb ua ke ntau biologically active tshuaj. Cov lawv - lub prostaglandins, cytokines, follistatin, kev loj hlob yam tseem ceeb thiab division, opioids, etc ...

Muaj nuj nqi thiab cov qauv ntawm Leydig hlwb

Leydig hlwb yog ib feem testicular interstitial cov ntaub so ntswg. Lawv loj yog hais txog 20 microns. Tus txiv neej gonads yog ntau tshaj li 200 * 10 ⁶ Leydig hlwb. Cov yam ntxwv nta ntawm cov ntsiab yog ib tug loj dawb nucleus thiab foamy cytoplasm. Nws muaj vacuoles muaj protein lipofuscin. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov hniav lwj los ntawm cov rog nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub synthesis ntawm steroid cov tshuaj hormones. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub cytoplasm muaj 1 los yog 2 nucleolus muaj RNA thiab protein. Lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm Leydig hlwb - yog testosterone. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub synthesis ntawm activin. Qhov no tshuaj nkoos zus tau tej cov FSH nyob rau hauv lub hlwb.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub Sertoli cell syndrome?

Ib tug ntawm cov uas tsis tshua muaj cov kab mob ntawm cov txiv neej deev system yog lub Sertoli cell syndrome. Lub ntsiab manifestation ntawm tus kab mob no yog pom tias yuav ntxiv lawm tshob. Tus kab mob no muaj feem xyuam rau congenital anomalies, vim nws yog cai aplasia (ib tug tseem ceeb yuav txo tau los yog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv) ntawm embryonic testicular cov ntaub so ntswg. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm no ua txhaum cai ntawm seminiferous tubules tsim. Lub tsuas caij uas tsis puas - yog lub Sertoli cell. Lwm lub npe rau tus kab mob no - ib tug syndrome del Castillo. Ib feem ntawm Sertoli hlwb tseem undergoes degeneration, txawm li cas los, feem ntau ntawm lawv - yog li ib txwm. Dua li no, lub epithelium ntawm lub tubules atrophied. Spermatozoa nyob rau hauv no pathology yog tsis tsim.

Impairment ntawm cov nuj nqi ntawm Leydig hlwb

Yog hais tias qhov kev puas tsuaj Leydig hlwb cuam tshuam lawv thawj muaj nuj nqi - testosterone synthesis. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov tsos mob xws li:

1. Txo mob pawg.
2. Qhaj ntawv ntawm theem nrab nrog txiv neej pw yam ntxwv (kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev plaub hau ntawm cov txiv neej hom, lub suab).
3. Kev ua txhaum ntawm libido.
4. Poob pob txha ceev.