Schelling succinctly

Schelling lub philosophy, uas tsim nyob rau tib lub sij hawm thuam lub tswv yim ntawm nws predecessor, Fichte, yog ib tug ua kom tiav system muaj peb qhov chaw - theoretical, tswv yim thiab kawm theology thiab cov arts. Tus thawj tug txawj xav tshuaj xyuas qhov teeb meem ntawm yuav ua li cas coj tus kwv los ntawm cov kev kawm. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - tus piv ntawm txoj kev ywj pheej thiab yuav tsum, ntawm ras thiab tsis nco qab kev ua si. Thiab thaum kawg, nyob rau hauv lub thib peb - nws pom daim duab raws li ib tug riam phom thiab kawm tiav ntawm tej philosophical system. Yog li ntawd, peb xav txog ntawm no lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm nws kev tshawb xav thiab lub sij hawm ntawm txoj kev loj hlob thiab lub shaping ntawm lub ntsiab lub tswv yim. Lub philosophy ntawm Fichte thiab Schelling yog ntawm kuj zoo kawg tseem ceeb rau lub folding ntawm Romanticism, lub German teb chaws ntsuj plig, thiab tom qab ua si ib tug lossis loj lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv qhov tshwm sim ntawm existentialism.

pib ntawm txoj kev

Yav tom ntej ci ntsa iab sawv cev ntawm classical thought lub teb chaws Yelemees yug nyob rau hauv 1774 nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg ib tug xibhwb. Nws kawm tiav los ntawm University of jenÅ. Fabkis txoj kiv puag ncig yog txaus siab heev ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej philosopher, vim hais tias nws pom nyob rau hauv nws ib tug zog ntawm kev kawm thiab tib neeg emancipation. Tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, txaus siab nyob rau hauv kev kawm txoj tsis yog tus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub neej, uas coj Schelling. Lub philosophy uas tau los ua ib tug mob siab rau. Nws xav nyob rau hauv lub contradiction nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb xav ntawm kev txawj ntse ntawm kev kawm science, namely qhov txawv nyob rau hauv Kant lub theories txog cov subjectivity, thiab Newton, uas pom ib tug loj scientific los kawm txog tus kwv lub npe. Schelling pib mus nrhiav txoj kev sib sau ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Qhov no ib txwm sau los ntawm tag nrho cov ntawm lawv los ntawm philosophical systems.

thawj lub sij hawm

Txoj kev loj hlob thiab Schelling folding system yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv ob peb ua sawv. Tus thawj tug yog mob siab rau tej yam ntuj tso philosophy. Outlook uas tau yeej tus German txawj xav nyob rau hauv no lub sij hawm, teev nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv "Lub tswv yim ntawm philosophy ntawm qhov." Muaj, nws summed li lub foundations ntawm kev kawm tej yam ntuj tso keeb kwm. Nyob rau hauv tib ua hauj lwm nws thuam lub Fichte. Xwm tsis yog ib tug khoom siv rau lub realization ntawm xws li ib tug tshwm sim raws li "kuv". Nws yog ib qho ywj siab, tsis self-conscious qhov chaw, thiab tsim raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm teleology. Hais tias yog, nws yog nyob rau nws tus kheej lub kab ntawm qhov uas "kuv", uas "hlob" tawm ntawm nws, xws li ib lub pob ntseg ntawm pob kws. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, Schelling lub philosophy los ua xws li ib co dialectical hauv paus ntsiab lus. Ntawm opposites ( "polars") muaj ib co degree, thiab qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm lawv yuav tsum smoothed. Raws li ib qho piv txwv ntawm Schelling raug nplua hom ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab cov tsiaj uas yuav raug xa mus rau cov tib yam thiab mus rau lwm pab pawg neeg. Txhua lub zog los ntawm contradictions, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws yog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub ntiaj teb no Ntsuj.

Lub philosophy ntawm transcendental idealism

Txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov xwm Schelling thawb mus rau ntau txawm tias radical tswv yim. Nws sau tau ib ua hauj lwm hu ua "transcendental idealism System", uas rov mus rau rethink lub tswv yim ntawm qhov xwm ntawm Fichte thiab "kuv". Uas ntawm cov phenomena yuav tsum raug xam tias yog tseem ceeb heev? Yog hais tias peb npaj mus los ntawm lub philosophy ntawm qhov, ces qhov nws tus kheej mas. Yog hais tias peb embark rau ib tug subjective txoj hauj lwm, cov thawj yuav tsum raug xam tias yog li "kuv". Ntawm no Schelling yog tshwj xeeb yog ib qho. Tom qab tag nrho cov, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, hais tias yog xwm? Peb thiaj li hu tau rau peb ib puag ncig. Hais tias yog, "Kuv" tsim nws tus kheej, txoj kev xav, tswv yim, xav. Cov tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no, nyias muaj nyias los ntawm nws tus kheej. "Kuv" ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab thiab science. Yog li ntawd, cov zajlus kom xav yog ua tsis tau zoo. Nws - ib tug khoom ntawm yog vim li cas, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov xwm, peb yuav pom tau ib co kua nplaum ntawm cov rational. Qhov loj tshaj plaws peb muaj - nws yuav. Nws ua rau tsim thiab kev nkag siab thiab xwm. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ua si nyob rau hauv lub "I" yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev txawj ntse qhov.

Yeej cov contradiction ntawm kev kawm thiab tus kwv

Tiam sis tag nrho cov saum toj no txaus qhia tsis txaus siab nrog lub thinker, thiab nws txuas ntxiv mus tsim nws lub tswv yim. Cov theem tom ntej ntawm nws scientific ua hauj lwm yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm kev ua hauj lwm "Kev nthuav qhia ntawm kuv system ntawm philosophy." Nws tau raug hais tias paralellizm uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb xav ntawm kev txawj ntse (lub "kawm-kwv"), yog ib tug uas yog txwv los ntawm Schelling. kos duab philosophy ciali ib tug luag hauj lwm qauv rau nws. Ib tug tam sim no lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txawj ntse tsis tau raws li nws. Raws li tej yam uas sawv nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag? Lub hom phiaj ntawm daim duab yog tsis zoo tagnrho, tab sis tus neeg ntawm cov kev kawm thiab tus kwv. Yog li ntawd nws yuav tsum yog nyob rau hauv philosophy. Nyob rau qhov no hauv paus, nws yuav ua nws tus kheej lub tswv yim ntawm kev sib sau.

Schelling philosophy ntawm qhia tias yog leejtwg

Yuav ua li cas yog cov kev sib tw ntawm niaj hnub xav? Nyob rau hauv hais tias feem ntau peb yuav soj ntsuam nrog ib tug kwv philosophy. Nyob rau hauv nws cov tswj system, raws li taw tes qhia tawm los ntawm Aristotle, "A = A". Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub philosophy ntawm cov kev kawm yog heev txawv. Thiab yuav muaj sib npaug zos rau B, thiab vice versa. Nws tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv dab tsi Cheebtsam. Yuav kom muab tau tag nrho ntawm cov tshuab, nws yog tsim nyog los nrhiav tau qhov chaw uas txhua yam yog tib yam. Yog li cov starting taw tes rau ntawm lub philosophy ntawm Schelling pom lub Absolute siab. Nws yog tus neeg ntsuj plig thiab xwm. Nws nruab nrab yog ib tug taw tes ntawm indifference (nws tag nrho cov tib polarity). Philosophy yuav tsum muaj ib yam ntawm "Organon" - instrument ntawm lub Absolute siab. Cov yav tas yog ib tug tsis muaj dab tsi muaj potency muab rau hauv ib yam dab tsi, thiab pouring thiab kev tsim, nyob rau hauv crushed ntug. Yog li ntawd, cov zajlus kom xwm muaj ib tug ntsuj plig, thiab nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, yog ib tug petrified mindset.

Nyob rau hauv lub xeem lub sij hawm ntawm nws lub neej Schelling pib mus tshawb cov phenomenon ntawm meej nothingness. Nws yog ib, nyob rau hauv nws lub tswv yim, nws yog ib tug kev sib sau ntawm ntsuj plig thiab xwm. Qhov no tshiab philosophy Schelling yuav luv luv piav raws li nram no. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tsum muaj ob lub ntsiab - tus Vajtswv thiab lub abyss. Schelling hu nws tawm ntawm Eckhart sij hawm Ungrunt. Bezdna muaj irrational siab, thiab nws yuav coj mus rau hauv txoj cai ntawm "tsis" cais pib siv lub ntug. Ces xwm, tsim thiab tso nws cov potency, lub siab tsim. Nws apogee yog philosophical xav thiab kos duab. Thiab lawv yuav pab tau ib tug neeg rov qab los rau Vajtswv.

Lub philosophy ntawm kev tshwm sim

Qhov no yog lwm qhov teeb meem uas tau muab tso rau Schelling. German philosophy, txawm li cas los, zoo li txhua txhua hom system ntawm kev xav nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib tug "tsis zoo outlook." Coj los ntawm lawv, science investigates qhov tseeb, thiab lawv tuag. Tab sis muaj kuj yog ib tug zoo outlook - lub philosophy ntawm kev tshwm sim uas yuav to taub li cas nco qab siab. Thaum nws mus txog thaum kawg, nws yuav raug kev txom nyem qhov tseeb. Nws yog nws tus kheej-nco qab ntawm Vajtswv. Thiab yuav ua li cas koj yuav puag tus philosophy ntawm lub Absolute? Vajtswv, raws li Schelling, yog infinite, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tej zaum nws yuav ua xwb, raws li nyob rau hauv lub tib neeg daim ntawv. Yog li ntawd yog Yexus Khetos. Thaum tuaj mus xws li views ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub neej, txawj xav, pib thuam cov tswv yim ntawm phau Vajlugkub, uas nws muab qhia nyob rau hauv nws cov tub ntxhais hluas.

Schelling succinctly

Muaj hais li no sij hawm nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tswv yim ntawm lub German philosopher, peb yuav kos cov nram qab no cov lus xaus. Schelling ntshai raws li lub ntsiab txoj kev ntawm kev txawj ntse thiab contemplation yeej tsis quav ntsej li vim li cas. Nws criticized xav raws li empiricism. Classical German philosophy Schelling ntseeg hais tias lub ntsiab tshwm sim ntawm empirical paub yog txoj cai. Ib tug coj theoretical xav qhia tej ntsiab cai. Ntuj philosophy yog saum toj no empirical cognition. Nws tshwm sim ua ntej rau tej theoretical kev xav. Nws yooj yim hauv paus ntsiab lus yog txoj kev sib sau ntawm thaj thiab ntsuj plig. Teeb meem - tsis yog hais tias lwm yam, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm lub Absolute siab. Yog li ntawd, xwm yog nyob rau hauv tshuav nyiaj li cas. Nws kev txawj ntse - nws yog ib qhov tseeb ntawm cov hav zoov ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, thiab Schelling nyiag cov nqe lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas nws ua tau kom to taub.