SA3 coupler :, lub hom phiaj, loj

Ib qho ntawm feem nrov pab kiag li lawm rau automatic kev twb kev txuas thiab disconnection ntawm lub railway-wagon muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tsis siv neeg coupler SA-3 qauv. Nws yog ib tug ntaus ntawv uas muab lub coupling thiab disengagement ntawm lub tshem ciav hlau thiab cov tsheb. Tsaug rau koj ntaus ntawv automatic coupler SA-3 yuav lub tsheb nyob rau hauv txoj cai ntau, txuas thiab cais lawv thiab ua rau nws tau hu rau lawv tsis muaj ua kom cov wagon ncej thiab feem ntau coupler mechanism.

lub sij hawm mechanism

Mus rau niaj hnub chaw tsim nyog rau avtorastsepki thiab clutch lub tsheb xws li SA-3, txawm lub fact tias nws yog tsim los rov qab nyob rau hauv 1932. Tus ntaus ntawv yog heev nrov tam sim no. Cov pub leejtwg ntawm kev vam meej yog qhov zoo tsim, tej yam yooj yim thiab zoo, tab sis kuj muaj kev cia siab thiab yooj yim ntawm kev siv thiab txij nkawm.

Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub tsheb park rau railway wagons yog siv ib tug ntau yam ntawm designs thiab lub hom phiaj. Muaj cargo thiab cov neeg nrog caij. Tsis tas li ntawd qhov txawv thiab lawv tej yam kev mob ntawm kev siv. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm lub tsheb thiab locomotives khiav lag luam nyob rau hauv cov huab tej yam kev mob: siab siv ntawm qhov kev siv, excessively siab los qis kub, thauj neeg thiab cargo tshaj luv luv mus.

Thaum me me nce kilometrage hwj chim cuab tam thaum ua tau zoo chaw thau khoom thiab unloading manipulation, thiab raws li ib tug tshwm sim, nws yuav tseem ceeb rau kev siv ntawm ib tug ntaus ntawv uas yuav tau ua lub clutch thiab disengagement lub ntsiab ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau. Nws yog rau cov pab kiag li lawm thiab tej zaum yuav muaj xws li ntaus ntawv no, raws li lo lus uas peb, cov yam ntxwv thiab SA3 coupler tsim nkaus suited rau lub hom phiaj no.

Shock-tugger - SA3 coupler enables:

• Tsis Siv Neeg kev twb kev txuas ntawm lub tsheb nyob rau hauv impacts thiab deadlocks nyob rau hauv lub coupling ntawm automatic coupling.
• Tsis Siv Neeg uncoupling wagons dov Tshuag, uas yog nqa tawm yam tsis tau cov kev pab ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb, thiab txuag ntaus ntawv nyob rau hauv lub disengaged txoj hauj lwm ua ntej lub coupler yuav sib nrauj.
• Pib qhov chaw xa rov qab mus ntaus ntawv mus rau nws cov thawj txoj hauj lwm, lub hom phiaj rau lub tsheb yog ntaus concatenate lawv thiab xauv lub xauv.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, SA-3 coupler mechanism tso cai re-concatenate coupler disengaged across tsis muaj dilution wagon tsheb ciav hlau. Yuav ua raws li shunting, piv txwv li thaum lawv nqa tawm ib lub tshuab rub ntsej muag tsis ua rau lawv koom ua ke. Kom txog thaum lub caij ntawm lub clutch CA-3 muab cov nram qab no txheeb ze txaus:

• axis pab kiag li lawm yog muab tso rau hauv tib txoj kab;
• axis txav los mas horizontally.

Wherein ntsug axial xaav yuav zam lub txim rau nyob rau hauv ib tug tsheb ciav hlau. axis xaav tshwm sim rau 100 millimeters, thiab cov neeg nrog caij tsheb ciav hlau ceev txog li 50 millimeters. Cov nqi siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub kab rov tav axial offset tsis pub tshaj 175 hli. Thaum cov displacements CA-3 axes ua hauj lwm coupler yog ntawm kev zoo siab thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb tsis siv neeg coupling tsheb thaum lub sij hawm lawv lub lag luam.

Tus tsim ntawm automatic coupler SA-3 qauv

Tus ntaus ntawv SA-3 coupler yuav tau muab faib mus rau hauv ob peb lub Cheebtsam, uas xyuas kom meej uninterrupted lag luam:

1. Lub cev qhov chaw thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov ua hauj lwm mechanism.
2. Shock-centering ntaus ntawv.
3. Cua ntsawj ntshab ntaus ntawv.
4. Nres.
5. Tsav rau uncoupling tsheb.

CA-3 coupler Npaum lag luam yog tiav los ntawm tus sis ntawm tag nrho cov qhov chaw hauv lub mechanism thiab cov cam khwb cia rau hollow chaw nyob rau hauv lub vaj tse. Nws lub ntsiab qhov chaw nyob qhov chaw ntawm lub tshuab (lawv yog muab tso rau hauv cov kab noj hniav, uas yog hu ua ib lub hnab tshos):

• xauv;
• xauv yas dhos;
• nqa lub menyuam;
• Locksmith, nqa;
• fuse, uas muaj kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm arbitrary samorastsepa rub ntsej muag;
• ntsia liaj qhov rooj.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub taub hau ntawm lub cev nws yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug elongated tus Tsov tus tw. Nws kuj muaj ib lub qhov rau lub hniav, uas txuas lub traction clamp thiab SA3 coupler. Nyob rau hauv lub kev cob cog rua txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub mechanism, uas yog cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv uas nyob ib sab phab xis yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog txhua lwm yam los ntawm projecting los ntawm lub tso (no ya ntawm loj thiab me me hniav), tuav tseg thiab locks lub xauv.

Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, nws muaj peev xwm yuav xaus lus tias tus mob SA3 coupler pab kiag li lawm nyob ruaj khov thiab uninterrupted lag luam ntawm tag nrho cov ntaus ntawv raws li ib tug tag nrho.

Qhov ntev thiab luj ntawm SA-3 coupler

Coupler muaj cov nram qab tsis:

• Qhov ntev SA3 coupler: 1130 x 421 x 440 hli.
• Nyhav SA-3 coupler yuav thaj tsam li ntawm 207,18 215 kg. Qhov no yog nyob rau ntawm daim duab ntaus ntawv.

Qhov ntev ntawm automatic coupling ua rau nws heev ntau yam ntaus ntawv uas yog Attendance zoo suited rau ob freight thiab neeg caij tsheb nqaj hlau.

Upgraded SA3 coupler

Lub ob txhiab xyoo ntawm tus nees nkaum-thawj ib puas xyoo nyob rau hauv Russia pib siv ib tug upgraded automatic coupling SA-3. Tsim thiab cov lag luam uas tsis siv neeg coupler SA-3 nyob twj ywm unchanged, tab sis lub zoo tsim. Ntaus tau txais ob nkhaus uas tiv thaiv poob daim txiav luv luv khuam nyob rau ntsia. Lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm lub qhov chaw ua rau yus puas tsuaj ntawm tus xub los mus rau lub cev qhuav dej ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Yog li, ua ke nrog rau cov Modernization thiab muaj zog theem ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tus qauv tshiab. Tab sis qhov no yog tsis yog txhua txhua uas coj innovation. Ze txij nkawm-dawb khiav ntawm ib tug tshiab qauv adaptation yog 1 lab kis lus mev. Tib yam li qub SA3 coupler lub hom phiaj thiab cov yam ntxwv boasts tsuas 200,000 kis lus mev. Muab hais tias kev ruaj ntseg thiab khaws rau tag nrho cov kev kho tau sawv lawm, cov laus ua qauv heev sai sai pib decommission. Txawm li cas los, lub sij hawm thiab lub SA-3 coupler ntaus ntawv nyob rau hauv nws cov thawj version tau ua ib feem ntawm cov keeb kwm ntawm Soviet thiab Lavxias teb sab Railways.

Tej kev yuam kev SA3 coupler

SA3 coupler nrog ib tug tej xov tooj ntawm cov teeb meem yog tsis muaj peev xwm siab ua lawv zog:

• Puas yam mechanism thiab microcrack nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev.
• Contour kev ua hauj lwm cov chaw, tawg fuses extension lub caj pas.
• Kev uas quav, uas tsis raug kaw los ntawm ntog, tsau tsis yog los sis tsis yog-tus qauv txoj kev rau cov menyuam, raws li tau zoo raws li nws qhaj ntawv.
• Breakage ntawm lub npoo los yog cov menyuam traction clamp. Lub keej nyob rau hauv lub npoo, thiab cov traction menyuam clamp.
• Nrib pleb thiab (los yog) ib qho qhib Centering beams pendular ncua kev kawm ntawv. Tsis ntsia pendulum ncua kev kawm ntawv.
• Atypical npoo yob los yog rau cov menyuam, yog tias Cheebtsam ntawm lub traction ntseg tsho.
• Breakage ib daim hlab los yog lub tsim ntawm tawg nyob rau hauv nws.

Lub hom phiaj yog kom muaj cov traction pluaj clamp, bracket thiab Actuator yas dhos rau uncoupling, nyob rau pin thiab abutment phaj los yog lub nres lawv tus kheej. Bent tso tawm qib kuj yog ib tug loj malfunction SA3 coupler.

Qhov saum toj no yog cov ntsiab faults. Nrog rau muaj cov cov faults automatic coupling yog unsuitable rau siv, raws li nws ruaj khov lag luam yuav tsum muaj ib tug loj lo lus nug. Yuav kom tshem tawm tus xov tooj ntawm puas qhov chaw xa rau kho. Cov qhov chaw uas npog ua hauj lwm cov chaw, yuav kho tsis tau thiab hloov los ntawm tshiab.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tej zaum yuav muaj backlash thiab txawv los ntawm cov cai. Lawv zoo li no tsis muaj zog txaus tej adhesion lub ntsej muag thiab raws li ib tug tshwm sim, thaum lub sij hawm uncoupled tsheb ciav hlau. Yog hais tias koj muaj tej backlash thiab hloov saum toj no ib txwm tsis siv neeg coupling yog raug tam sim ntawd kho. Txij li thaum kev siv yog ib tug kev hem thawj rau lub neej ntawm cov neeg nrog caij tsheb nqaj hlau.

Comparative yam ntxwv autohitches CA-3 thiab CAKv

Lub seventies ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua tau cim los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias thaum pib ntawm ib tug tshiab qauv coupler npaj los qhia European Union posts. Ib tug ntawm cov uas - CAKv ua lug siv txaus, tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab tsheb ciav hlau.

CAKv nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub SA-3 thiab yog tau siab tshaj lub Soviet txoj kev loj hlob. Txawm li cas los, muaj cov sib txawv nyob rau hauv lub German version ntawm cov loj hniav yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug ntxiv projection uas nkag mus rau rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov. Vim li no cov coupling ntawm ib tug xoob tau txais tawv.

Tawv tib coupling yuav siv tau los txuas hluav taws xob connectors thiab nres kab. CAKv siv rau txuas phab xis loj freight u. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov helical iav siv nyob rau hauv lub SA-3 yog tsis muaj peev xwm los mus tiv lub siab ntawm lub cargo muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Lub teb chaws nyob qhov twg siv SA3 coupler

Txawm tias nws 'venerable' muaj hnub nyoog, cov qauv thiab cov lag luam uas tsis siv neeg coupler SA-3 ntau txaus siab, nws tseem yog nrov nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Piv txwv li, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv ib co Arab lub teb chaws, xws li Iran thiab Iraq. Tsis tas li ntawd SA3 coupler yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv lub tsheb ciav hlau ntawm Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Belarus, Latvia, Lithuania, Georgia, Estonia, Ukraine, Tajikistan, Moldova, Azerbaijan, Finland, Sweden thiab Russia.

Nyob rau hauv no Lavxias teb sab version yog txawm peem rau nrog ntxiv nkhaus, uas tiv thaiv tau cov coupler phua rau kev tsheb ciav hlau lem. Los ntawm kev siv ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov khoom hauv lub xov tooj ntawm cov xwm txheej thiab railway raug xwm txheej, qhov ua rau ntawm uas twb tawg tawm daim coupler, poob nyob rau hauv lub log ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau, nws tau tsis yeem ho.

Piav ntawm abbreviations CA-3

CA-3 tsiaj ntawv txhais li lub Soviet automatic coupler, cov kev xaiv thib peb. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias tom qab nws creation, nyob rau hauv 1935, pib tus neeg txhais lus ntawm tag nrho cov kev tsheb nqaj hlau thauj ntawm lub USSR rau ib tug tshiab qauv ntawm lub ntaus ntawv. Nkaus hloov tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv 1957.

Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias thaum lub sij hawm adapter twb siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ob-theem saw. Tus ntaus ntawv yog ib tug nws yog xim hlau cheeb tsam uas tus ob daim twb welded saw. Kaum mounted rau hauv lub tso CA-3, zoo saw sprinkles nuv welded mus rau ib tug ntsia hlau coupling. Los ntawm no lub caij tau mus cuag nrog cov laus lub tsheb thiab coupling nruab SA3 coupler.

Tsim CA-3 yog yooj yim npaum li lub neej shunter. Lub hom phiaj thiab SA3 coupler ntaus ntawv yog tso cai los txo nws cov hauj lwm ua ntej mus rau lub merger ntawm tes tsho los xyuas kom meej braking thiab hluav taws xob cables.

nthuav lus tseeb

SA3 coupler muaj txaus nrov tsim rau tag nrho cov sij hawm ntawm nws lub neej, muaj tsim nws tus kheej raws li ib tug txhim khu kev qha thiab check yam khoom yuav tau txuas thiab disconnect tus phab xis.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm CA-3 yog ib tug coupler kev twb kev txuas thiab disconnection ntawm dov hais, raws li tau zoo, nws tus yam ntxwv tso cai rau ib tug shunter xyuas kom meej tias tus txheej txheem ntawm coupling thiab uncoupling coj qhov chaw raws li nws yuav tsum. Thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho cov hav zoov coupler kuv khaws ib tug xov tooj ntawm nthuav cov lus tseeb hais txog qhov no caij:

• SA-3 yog tsim nyob rau hauv 1932 nyob rau hauv lub USSR. Soviet designers muaj npaum li cas raws li ib lub hauv paus rau tsis siv neeg coupling, ua nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States (Willison automatic coupling system), tsim nyob rau hauv 1910, thiab yuav luag rov ua tau ib lub domestic version. Nws kuj tau rov tsim contour koom tes. Nyob rau hauv CA-3 West xa mus rau raws li ib tug "Lavxias teb sab automatic coupling" los yog "tsis siv neeg coupling Willison nrog Lavxias teb sab voj".
• Thaum ncaj ncees lawm disconnection coupler CA-3 yuav tsum nias pas nrig ntawm steel hauv ib lub qhov, uas yog cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv nws vaj tse nyob. mechanism Cheebtsam yuav tsum nyob rau hauv lub pib txoj hauj lwm, zoo thiab tsis siv neeg coupler yuav tsum tau concatenated.
• Avtostsepochny Tsev fuabtais los nrog teeb liab appendage. Nws yog ib tug protrusion, uas yuav tsum tau pom nyob rau hauv lub qab ntawm lub ntaus ntawv, muab hais tias lub xauv yog xauv. Thaum ib tug tshwj xeeb neeg ua hauj lwm rau u cov kev pab tshuaj xyuas txhua coupler, hais tias cov txheej txheem, nws paub tias lub tsheb uncoupled los ntawm txhua lwm yam.
• Raws li yog lub npe hu, tsis siv neeg coupling yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug absorbing ntaus ntawv, ib tug ntaus ntawv uas absorbs tej yam thiab tiv thaiv tus mem tes ncej thiab railcar coupler mechanism Cheebtsam ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Txawm li cas los tshem ciav hlau thiab motovoznye SA3 coupler ntaus tsis txawm peem rau nrog cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub tshem ciav hlau ncej thiab motovoznoy elementary yog tsis muaj chaw seem rau cov uas yam khoom.
• Lub Polish version ntawm lub npe SA-3 coupler - "Brezhnev lub nrig."
• Nyob rau hauv 1898 rau lo lus nug twb tsa txog cov commissioning ntawm lub automatic coupler rau lub Lavxias teb sab railways. Ib tug kev xaiv yog tus American Janney coupler. Tab sis lub tswv yim twb tso tseg. Vim lub unreliability ntawm tus tsim ntawm lub American version, thiab nws yog tsis yooj yim sua los mus xaiv tus kom tsim nyog xaiv los ntawm cov uas twb muaj lawm lub teb chaws npaj rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm tsis siv neeg coupling uas tsis siv neeg coupling thiab uncoupling tsheb ncua indefinitely.
• Soviet automatic coupler (kev xaiv thib peb) yog siv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm lub qub Soviet Union, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv ib co European lub teb chaws, xws li teb chaws Poland, Finland, Norway thiab Sweden. CAKv European version twb tseem tsim raws li nyob rau hauv lub SA-3, uas yog ib tug me me kev cai repeats cov qauv ntawm domestic coupler. Tab sis tsis zoo li domestic, txawv teb chaws Affairs tau txhav coupling, uas yog tsim nyog mus cuag cov wagons ntawm ib tug tsheb ciav hlau.
• Qhov nruab nrab nqi ntawm cov tshiab SA-3 yog 10 500 rubles. Kho ntawm cov aggregates ntawm pab kiag li lawm yog hom twg los ntawm 300 mus rau 1000 rubles. Vim hais tias raws sij hawm kho coupler yuav cawm tau ib tug loj heev sum ntawm cov nyiaj.

xaus

Ntsiab lus saum toj no tau, yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias lub SA-3 automatic coupler - txaus txhim khu kev qha thiab check ntaus ntawv uas tso cai rau koj mus nqa tawm avtorastsepku thiab coupling tsheb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub xeev ntawm pab kiag li lawm yog nce yuav tsum tau: nws yuav tsum tsis pub hnav tawm qhov chaw, tawg Cheebtsam ntawm lub mechanism thiab tej kab nrib pleb nyob rau hauv lub rooj plaub thiab cov lus ntawm qhov mechanism. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm SA-3 yog xa mus rau kho tus txhaum. Yog hais tias tus ntaus ntawv yog hnav, nws twb hloov mus rau ib lub tshiab.

SA3 coupler yog tsim rov qab nyob rau hauv 1932 los ntawm cov American tsis siv neeg coupling Willison. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, Soviet designers muaj ntse tsim ntawm lub coupling Circuit Court, rau cov uas qhov SA-3 coupler twb hu ua "Lavxias teb sab automatic coupler".

Switching rau automatic coupling pib nyob rau hauv 1935. Thaum nws siv cov kev hloov ntaus ntawv uas tso cai rau mus cuag wagons nruab nrog couplers tshiab thiab qub qauv. Thaum kawg txoj kev hloov twb nyob rau hauv 1957. Thaum pib ntawm lub ob thousandth SA-3 twb me ntsis hloov. Tus tsim ntawm lub coupling twb tshwj xeeb nkhaus uas pab tiv thaiv cov railway kab los ntawm ntog rau nws daim muaj lawm tawm los ntawm lub coupling. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm canvas, nyob rau hauv lem, tiv thaiv tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm tus sub, raws li zoo raws li thiaj yuav ua rau muaj kev huam yuaj uas ua rau ib tug tag nrho lub tsheb ciav hlau tsoo. Upgraded coupling siv nyob rau hauv lub tsheb ciav hlau nqa cov roj cov khoom, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg nrog caij tsheb ciav hlau.

Tsis Siv Neeg coupling SA-3 yog sufficiently zoo paub nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe. Lom zem ntau vim nws cia siab rau thiab durability. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, raws li peb twb muab sau, raws li nyob rau hauv Soviet automatic coupler nws tau tsim muaj ntau yam piv txwv ntawm txawv teb chaws txhia ntawm qhov kev npaj no.

Yog li, lub xaus yog hais tias lub SA-3, tsim rov qab nyob rau hauv 1932, yog xav paub ntau tshaj peev xwm khiav lag luam txog kaum los yog nees nkaum xyoo, los yog twb tshaj. Tom qab tag nrho, tus tsim kev ntseeg yog ntsuas tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm nws cov kev ua tau zoo, tab sis kuj yog ib tug neeg ncaj lub koob npe nrov thiab xyoo ntawm qhov automatic couplers thiab u rastsepok.

Tab sis txawm lub siab tej chaw, los hloov lub SA-3 tuaj rau CA-4 - nws muaj ib tug ntau niaj hnub thiab robust tsim. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muab piv nrog ib tug thib peb ntawm CA-4 muaj ib tug muaj zog lub neej ntawm txij nkawm-dawb khiav (200 000 kilometers ntawm peb tiv thaiv ib tug lab kilometers ntawm lub CA-4).

Tsis tas li ntawd, tus plaub yog yooj yim npaum li thiab ntau npaum dua nws cov thawj. Dua li ntawm qhov rov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug ntau zoo meej coupler SA-3 yog tseem heev, lom zem ntau vim nqi siab tsawg, muab piv rau cov CA-4. SA-3 yog tseem yog ib qho ntawm feem nrov automatic couplings.