Phosphorus voj voog

Phosphorus - ib qho ntawm feem tseem ceeb tshuaj ntsiab muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob uas muaj sia nyob. Nws yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub protoplasm, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov tsiaj thiab cog proteins. Txiv neej phosphorus yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub tag nrho txoj kev loj hlob ntawm nruab nrog cev thiab cov nqaij, raws li zoo raws li los xyuas kom meej qhov qub hauj lwm ntawm lub paj hlwb. Tsis muaj lub zem Academician A. E. Fersman hu ua nws ib tug keeb ntawm lub neej thiab kev xav.

phosphorus voj voog nyob rau hauv lub biosphere yog muaj li ntawm ob peb loj units - nws pob zeb, av, nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu. Yog qhov ntawm feem ntau ntawm phosphorus tebchaw nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntawm ib tug mineral apatite, uas muaj xws li ntawm 5 mus rau 36% phosphorous oxide. Apatite muaju pom nyob rau hauv igneous pob zeb thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lawv cov kev sib cuag nrog sedimentary. Tseem ceeb reserves ntawm no mineral pom nyob rau hauv Brazil thiab Norway, thiab yog cov coob teb nyob rau hauv lub Khibiny Toj siab (Kola ceg av qab teb).

Thaum lub sij hawm weathering tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm atmospheric tej yam kev mob, cov av acids uas muaj sia nyob, apatites yuav raug rhuav tshem thiab muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub biochemical phosphorus voj voog yuav tsum vov bio-, hydro- thiab lithosphere.

Cov nroj tsuag nqus ntawm lub neej phosphate anions ntawm phosphoric acid thiab noog caij mas nyob rau hauv generative kabmob - txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab noob. Ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag siv rau khoom noj khoom haus cov tsiaj thiab tib neeg, thiab phosphorus voj voog tseem.

Nyob rau hauv tej tsiaj kab mob pheej tshwm sim physiological dab txuam nrog cleavage, synthesis thiab lwm yam tshuaj transformations ntawm phosphorus tebchaw. Nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj, qhov no caij muaj nyob rau hauv cov proteins ntawm cov ntshav, cov kua mis, paj, cov pob txha thiab lub hlwb cov ntaub so ntswg. Tsis tas li ntawd tam sim no nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm nucleic acids - lub tebchaw muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm Identify genetic ntaub ntawv. Tom qab kev puas tsuaj uas muaj sia nyob phosphorus kaw voj voog - lub caij rov qab mus rau hauv lub lithosphere, xa me nyuam rov tawm biochemical kev voj voog. Nyob rau hauv tej yam tej yam kev mob (e.g., ib tug ntse hloov ntawm climatic tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv deeg salinity, kub, acidity ntawm cov dej thiab li ntawd.), Pawg kev tuag ntawm cov kab mob no tshwm sim thiab txuam nrog ntawm cov khib nyiab nyob rau hauv lub seabed. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tus tsim ntawm tshiab deposits ntawm phosphorus-muaj cov pob zeb ntawm sedimentary keeb kwm (eg, phosphate). Thaum lub sij hawm organogenic pob zeb - bioliths - ua ib tug tshiab qhov chaw ntawm no lub caij nyob rau hauv lub biogenic voj voog.

Raws li nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev voj voog ntawm teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov xwm, txoj kev no kwm intervenes neeg. Phosphorus thiab nws cov tebchaw yog siv nyob rau hauv metallurgy, tshuaj kev lag luam, nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua detergents, ntais ntawv thiab pharmaceuticals. Tab sis lub ntsiab tus neeg ntawm phosphates yog ua liaj ua teb. Qhov no lub caij tsim nyog rau cov high-qib cov nroj tsuag flowering thiab fruiting, nws tsub kom lub caij ntuj no hardiness thiab yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub hauv paus system. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cultivated xau phosphorus mov yog maj depleted, thiab yog li ntawd nws yog tsim nyog los ua fertilizer rau zus tau tej cov uas siv tag nrho cov tib phosphate pob zeb thiab apatite.

Yog li, lub phosphorus voj voog muaj tshiab mus anthropogenic - kev lag luam thiab ua liaj ua teb. Tib neeg kev ua ub no aimed ntawm ua lub concentration ntawm no nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam. Qhov no tshwm sim, hu ua los zaum sushi phosphatizing, yog vim mus caum nqaij ntses nyoo thiab extraction ntawm phosphorus minerals rau siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam ceg ntawm lub agro-industrial complex. Phosphatization feem ntau sib tsim nyob rau hauv industrialized cheeb tsam nrog siab cov pejxeem ceev. Nyob rau hauv sparsely populated cheeb tsam thiab nyob rau hauv apatite thiab phosphorite tsuas chaw, muaj, on qhov tsis tooj, defosfatizatsiya.