Phaj capacitor thiab nws cov ntaus ntawv

Ob tiaj daim hlau pov tseg thaum uas tig mus rau txhua lwm yam thiab sib cais los ntawm ib tug dielectric, roos tiaj capacitor. Qhov no yog qhov nyuaj tus neeg sawv cev ntawm lub capacitors, uas yog tsim rau cov txuam nrog heteronymic zog. Yog hais tias lub phaj no yog los qhia xwb sib npaug zos nyob rau hauv qhov ntau tab sis opposite nyob rau hauv modulus, lub zog ntawm cov hluav taws xob field ntawm lub conductors yuav ob npaug. Them piv ntawm ib qho ntawm lub conductors mus rau lub voltage ntawm lub capacitor daim hlau hu ua hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm:

C = q / U

Yog hais tias lub arrangement ntawm cov phiaj yog qhov, lub fais peev xwm ntawm tus capacitor yuav suav hais tias qhov rau tej xwb conductors. Nyob rau hauv lub thoob ntiaj teb system ntawm chav nyob hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm - Farad (F). Pav ca capacitor muaj ib tug voltage sib npaug zos rau cov sum ntawm cov intensities generated conductors (E ₁ + E ₂ ... + E _n ). Vector magnitude. Tus nqi ntawm cov hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm yog ncaj qha xwm yeem mus rau cheeb tsam ntawm cov phiaj thiab inversely xwm yeem mus rau qhov kev ncua deb therebetween. Qhov no txhais tau tias, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua rau kom cov hluav taws xob capacitance ntawm lub capacitor, nws yog tsim nyog los ua rau hauv cheeb tsam cov phiaj dav, thaum uas txo qhov kev ncua deb nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Nyob rau hauv lub dielectric phaj capacitor yuav ua tau:

• Ntawv.
• Mica.
• Polystyrene.
• Tej hub.
• Cua.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tus dais, xav txog cov piv txwv ntawm ib daim ntawv capacitor. Ntawv kho nrog lub paraffin, yog siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, raws li cov dielectric. Muab lub dielectric nruab nrab ntawm ob ci ib daim hlab uas ua raws li conductors. Tag nrho cov qauv yog dov li, nyob rau hauv uas cov lus xaus yog tso rau kev twb kev txuas rau ib tug hluav taws xob Circuit Court. Cov qauv no yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub hub los yog hlau vaj tse nyob. Pav ca cua capacitor thiab lwm yam xwb cia li zoo sib xws qauv, cia li raws li qhov nruab nrab siv dielectric cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog hu ua nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus capacitor nws tus kheej. Thaum daws teeb meem, nyob rau hauv uas nws yog tsim nyog los nrhiav tau cov tsis paub hais tias qhov ntau, tsis txhob hnov qab mus siv kom muaj nuj nqis characterizing insulator - dielectric qhov ntawm qhov nruab nrab.

Lub xov tooj cua siv cov kua thiab qhuav hom capacitors. Kua capacitors yog electrolytic tshuaj, nyob rau hauv uas oxidized txhuas phaj yog muab tso rau. Nws yog ib qhov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib tug hlau cov ntaub ntawv. Lub ntsha yog ib tug tov ntawm boric acid thiab ib co lwm yam sib tov. Qhuav cia yam tsim los ntawm folding peb ib daim hlab, ib tug txhuas thiab lwm yam - ib tug hlau, thiab nruab nrab ntawm lawv - ib tug txheej ntawm gauze impregnated nrog ib tug khov ntsha. Lub yob yog muab tso rau hauv ib tug txhuas rooj plaub thiab sau nrog bitumen. Phaj capacitor muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau npe thiab tus nqi qis. Tu siab, cov qauv yuav tsis hloov peb roj teeb vim hais tias lub zog dav hlau capacitor yog heev me me, thiab them sai sai heev, "leaked". Lawv yog cov tsis haum raws li ib tug qhov chaw ntawm hluav taws xob, tiam sis lawv muaj ib tug kom zoo dua - thaum them los ntawm qhov uas tsis muaj kuj Circuit Court instantly muab stored zog.